Price and earnings momentum in Australian stock returns

There is no prior published Australian research on earnings momentum and only one prior unpublished work of limited depth and scope. We provide some of the first Australian evidence on earnings momentum and revisit price momentum with the first Australian evidence of the behaviour of returns beyond 12 months. Price momentum is found to be a feature of this market, but there is some reversal of returns during the second year after portfolio formation, suggesting trend chasing behaviour. Earnings momentum is also present, but with weak continuation into the second year. Price momentum and earnings momentum are shown to provide independent explanatory power over future returns.     

Sources of momentum profits in international stock markets

This paper examines the sources of momentum profits of countries exhibiting and not exhibiting momentum and compares the differences in the underlying factors determining momentum profits between these two groups of countries. We find remarkable differences in the decomposed components between these two groups of countries. Countries exhibiting momentum show that the cross‐sectional dispersion in unconditional mean returns dominates the negative contribution from the component reflecting the intertemporal behaviour of asset returns. However, this is not the case in countries exhibiting no momentum. Furthermore, countries with greater relative contribution from the cross‐sectional variance in unconditional mean returns tend to have greater momentum profits. Our results may support risk‐based explanations for the momentum phenomenon rather than behavioural finance‐based explanations.     

Price momentum in the New Zealand stock market: a proper accounting for transactions costs and risk*

We test for recently reported momentum profits in New Zealand using a practitioner technique that we have not yet seen in the academic literature. This technique simultaneously weighs returns, risk and transactions costs at each portfolio rebalance, rather than blindly chasing returns and then accounting for risk and transactions costs after the fact. We reverse the findings of the earlier literature because our gross profits are more than fully consumed once transactions costs are properly accounted for. Although we focus on momentum trading in New Zealand, our practitioner technique is broadly applicable to investigations of trading anomalies.     

企业金融化对资产价格的影响——基于我国股价和房价的研究

近年来,我国传统实体产业的发展出现利润率下降、成本上升等一系列问题。在利益的驱使下,非金融企业的金融投资额逐渐上升,企业金融化趋势明显。伴随着企业金融化程度的加深,大量资金从实体经济流入资产市场,进而会影响资产价格。本文基于2007－2019年A股上市公司的季度数据,运用VECM模型研究企业金融化程度加深对资产价格的影响。研究结果表明,企业金融化程度的上升会推动股票价格上涨。企业金融化与房地产价格之间互为格兰杰因果关系,即企业金融化程度的上升会提升房地产价格,房价的上升反过来也会推动企业金融化程度的加深。     

中国广义价格指数月度数据的实证研究

本文首先阐述了广义价格指数的理论框架,其次介绍了广义价格指数的DFI和DEPI构建方法并尝试构建了中国的月度广义价格指数,再次使用构建结果进行了实证分析,最后给出了主要结论,相对于CPI而言,广义价格指数具有一定理论优势和操作优势,可以作为货币政策的最终目标或监测指标。     

名义价格幻觉——基于证券分析师目标价格预测的经验证据

本文利用证券分析师发布的股票目标价格预测,为名义价格幻觉提供了能够直接反映心理预期的经验证据。研究发现,证券分析师对低价股未来收益的心理预期显著高于高价股,该行为偏误在规模小、上市时间短、股票波动性大、财务透明度低和无形资产占比高等估值难度更大的股票中表现得更加明显。我们还利用股票送转,对证券分析师是否受到名义价格幻觉的影响做进一步验证,发现由送转引起的与基本面无关的名义价格下降显著提升了证券分析师对股票未来回报的心理预期。进一步研究表明,上述发现并不是因为证券分析师准确预见了低价股和高价股未来有不同的投资机会,也不是为了最大化其供职证券公司的利益而有意迎合投资者。     

反垄断法SSNIP测试辅助性分析方法研究

为了最大限度地弥补 SSNIP 测试不精确与无法涵盖所有现实情况的短板,世界各国反垄断执法机构在其实践中,发掘出一系列辅助性分析方法,如价格弹性分析法、价格差异分析法、价格相关性分析法等。我国作为反垄断的后发国家,尚没有完全掌握相关市场的界定方法,尤其是 SSNIP 测试的具体操作,因而对这些辅助性分析方法进行研究将有利于我国形成一套行之有效的相关市场界定方法,从而促进我国反垄断的有效执法。     

减税降费的价格和福利效应——引入成本传导率的投入产出价格模型分析

本文在增值税抵扣机制的投入产出价格模型中引入社保费和成本传导机制,并利用2017年中国投入产出表和税收数据模拟分析了不同成本传导率条件下,减税降费的价格效应和福利效应。研究表明:(1)减税降费使得各行业产品价格降低,对第三产业的价格影响最为明显。(2)成本传导率越高,则产品价格的下降幅度越大。当成本传导率分别为1/3、2/3和1时,各行业产品价格的平均下降幅度分别为0.32%、0.93%和2.66%。(3)较为合理的中国整体成本传导率约为1/3,减税降费是2019年中国PPI下降的主要因素之一。当成本传导率为1/3时,模拟计算的PPI下降幅度与国家统计局公布的2019年PPI的下降幅度(-0.3%)非常接近。(4)减税降费使消费者价格下降,居民福利得以改善,且城镇居民福利改善高于农村居民。随着价格传导率增大,城镇居民与农村居民的人均福利改善差距扩大。     

行为视角下的疫情分析:成因、影响与对策综述

本文从流行性传染病特征和医学传染病模型出发,对影响疫情的非理性因素、疫情的直接与间接结果进行文献综述,分析极端事件中的反应不足与过度反应。在成因上,本文梳理了不完全信息贝叶斯学习和显著性理论等决策行为假说,来理解人们行为背后的信息处理机制和情感作用渠道。在结果上,疫情及有关政策对经济金融活动的直接影响尚缺准确评估,恐慌情绪与羊群行为、社会信任危机、风险态度转变及异质性信念等疫情间接结果也有待深入研究。最后,本文基于已有文献和疫情行为分析,对未来学术研究及政策管理提供思路和建议。     

金融冲击需求拉动:房价与地价因果关系研究

房价与地价的关系始终是困扰我国理论界和决策层的一个重要问题.通过对供求关系及地租理论的讨论,本文指出地价只能是房价的结果而非原因.通过基于VAR框架的Granger因果分析和脉冲响应分析再一次表明了这一点,而过于宽松的金融环境则是造成近年来房价过快上涨的重要原因.因此,我国应继续采取稳健的货币政策,进一步做好规范土地管理等深层次市场化改革,从根本上确保我国房地产市场取得长远、健康的发展.     

Influence of cultural factors on price clustering and price resistance in China's stock markets

This paper builds on prior research by analysing the impact of cultural factors on both price clustering and price resistance in China's stock markets. The results support the presence of cultural factors impacting on price clustering with the digit 8 showing a higher propensity for clustering and the digits 4 and 7 showing a lower propensity in the A‐share market, where stock is denominated in renminbi and traded by mainland Chinese. These results are further supported by an analysis of the B‐share market, where cultural factors have no (or less) impact on the price of Chinese stocks traded by foreign investors in US dollars (or in Hong Kong dollars). A range of measures for price resistance show the digits 0 and 5 to be significant resistance points in the A‐share market. Although digit 8 cannot be considered as a resistance point, its resistance level is highest among the remaining numbers. In conclusion, cultural factors help to explain not only price clustering in the Chinese stock markets but price resistance levels as well, albeit at a weak level.     

Discussion of “Information Uncertainty and Expected Returns”

Jiang, Lee, and Zhang (Review of Accounting Studies, 2005, this issue) show that stock returns are smaller for young firms, volatile stocks, high volume stocks, and stocks with long equity durations. In addition to having lower returns, momentum effects are particularly strong in these stocks. The focus of this discussion is on the informal behavioral model that is used to explain these results and how well the variables used in the study proxy for information uncertainty, the model’s focus.This revised version was published online in August 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

市场操纵的含义、认定及度量述评

市场操纵严重影响市场功能的发挥。认识操纵、监督操纵、处罚操纵并最终达到根治操纵,维护市场自由、有序与有效的目的是学界和监管层共同面临的一个十分紧迫而艰巨的任务。现有文献对市场操纵的含义、认定及度量做了大量研究,然而取得共识之处很少。通过述评并兼顾各家之长形成如下观点:市场操纵是指凡是为了私利而故意扭曲市场价格的行为。对操纵的认定应包含三个要件,即人为价格、疑似操纵行为与人为价格的因果关系以及操纵意图。对操纵的度量除了要考虑操纵行为对价格的直接与间接影响外,更重要的是考虑该行为对市场的危害大小。     

The reflective futures practitioner: Balancing salience,credibility and legitimacy in generating foresight knowledge with stakeholders

This paper explores how foresight researchers involved in environmental, nature and planning issues attempt to balance salience, credibility and legitimacy while generating knowledge in interaction with policy-makers and other social actors. Engaging stakeholders in foresight processes can increase the robustness of foresight knowledge, broaden the spectrum of issues addressed, and create ‘ownership’ of the process. While in foresight practices stakeholder participation becomes more and more popular to resort to as enabling factor for generating salient, legitimate and credible foresight knowledge, participation can also compromise these qualities. We analysed two foresight projects conducted at the PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, one that developed future visions for Dutch nature policy and another that focused on future pathways for Dutch urban sustainable development policy. We illustrate that the dynamics of the research setting – changes in the socio-political context and the internal dynamics of the participatory efforts – complicated the balancing process. We conclude that one of the main challenges for futures practitioners is, therefore, to work within the dynamics of the research setting, and to position themselves strategically in this setting; by acting as ‘reflective futures practitioners’.     

汇率与股价的溢出效应及长期联动性——基于汇改后中国市场的实证研究

随着中国资本市场改革的深化,市场间的互动关系逐步回归市场化关联。本文运用协整检验、Granger因果检验、多元GARCH模型研究了汇率与股价的互动关系。研究结果表明:在长期联动性方面,汇率与股价存在稳定的长期均衡关系;在价格溢出方面,只存在汇率到股价的单向引导关系;波动溢出方面,汇市的波动冲击会影响股市,而股市的波动对汇市无明显影响。进一步的研究中,本文估算了汇率波动对股市开盘价及收盘价的影响大小。     

房价、工资与资源配置效率——基于微观家庭数据的实证分析

本文基于中国房价不断提高这一现实背景,利用中国城镇住户微观数据,系统地研究房价对当地住户工资的影响、作用机制及其对地区资源配置效率的影响。研究发现:房价上涨会通过“生活成本效应”和“闲暇替代效应”显著提高当地居民的平均工资水平。同时,由于缺乏劳动生产率为支柱的工资上涨会恶化资源配置效率,本文进一步基于资本劳动比和要素扭曲的视角,考察房价对资源配置的影响及工资在其中的作用,结果发现房价引致的工资上涨确实导致了我国过度的资本深化和过快的产业升级,并降低了地区的资源配置效率。本文为房价影响工资和资源配置问题提供了来自微观家庭的经验证据。     

Price reversals versus price continuations: the transitory price effects of futures trading extension on the underlying stock market

This paper examines the transitory price effects of index futures trading extension on the underlying stock market. Based on the model formulation of George and Hwang (1995) and Amihud and Mendelson (1987) and using the Hong Kong data, we find that the extension of futures trading hour helps to reduce the opening pricing errors and change the correlations between daytime and overnight stock returns. Our finding adds to the literature that the trading behavior of derivatives has a significant influence on the transitory price changes of the underlying cash products.