Complementarity and sequencing of innovations: new varieties and mechanized processing for cassava in West Africa

Complementarity among inter-related innovations may help explain the location and timing of productivity growth, and may be particularly important in the transformation of semi-subsistence agrarian economies. We study the case of cassava in West Africa, where both mechanized processors and new varieties are more widespread in Nigeria than in neighboring countries. One explanation involves complementarity: mechanization may have induced new variety adoption, or vice-versa. We test the magnitude and significance of these linkages using a system of equations approach. Controlling for other factors, we find that new variety adoption consistently increases the likelihood of subsequent mechanization by an average of 75 percent. Mechanization is less consistently associated with subsequent new variety adoption. Historically, mechanization came first – but the later development of new varieties made mechanization much more profitable, and the two then spread together.     

网上银行服务的用户采纳意愿研究

随着互联网的普及,以信息技术改造传统银行业务和开展网上银行服务己成为银行业发展的必然趋势。整合技术接受模型与任务-技术匹配模型,构建了我国个人网上银行服务的采纳模型,并采用结构方程模型方法对影响我国个人用户采纳网上银行服务的因素进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,任务-技术匹配通过感知有用性和感知易用性正向显著影响个人用户对网上银行服务的使用意愿;感知有用性正向影响使用意愿的作用大于感知易用性;而感知风险与结构保证对使用意愿的影响不显著。     

开放进程中我国银行稳定的影响因素与稳定策略

20世纪80年代以来无论是发达的欧美国家,还是新兴市场国家的金融业都先后在经济开放中,发生了银行危机、货币危机等金融危机事件,尤其是银行危机给这些国家造成了沉重的经济损失.目前,我国银行业正处于全面开放阶段,如何在开放进程中保持我国银行稳定,是我国经济社会持续发展中的一项战略性课题.     

Banking structure and financial stability: a comparison of Chinese and German banking systems

In the process of financial globalization and diversification, the issue of financial stability has become heated all over the world. This paper attempts to uncover the delicate relationship between banking structure and financial stability by comparing and analyzing the situation of the Chinese and German banking systems. This paper suggests that (i) the trade-off between competition and concentration in banking industry is a vital factor to maintain financial stability and (ii) concentration is not always a bad thing for financial stability, especially in banking systems with discontent bank performance.     

我国商业银行金融创新策略初探——以金融产品专利为视角

随着信息科学技术的快速发展及其在金融业的广泛应用,金融创新的代表——金融产品专利逐渐成为现代商业银行强化竞争优势的法宝。通过对当前中国内外资银行金融产品专利数量及质量的对比分析可以发现,近年来我国商业银行在金融产品创新和专利申请方面取得了一定的成绩,但在专利领域的竞争优势尚未确立。因此,为应对外资银行的竞争,银行业需要加大金融创新,加强行业合作,运用技术和法律双重武器增强自身竞争力。     

Technological Expectations And The Diffusion Of ‘Intermediate’ Technologies

The concept of ‘technological expectations’ has established itself as a key one in the smdy of innovation adoption. The article suggests that it may help explaining not just the adopters' timing decisions, but also their decisions regarding the kind of innovation they adopt. Innova tions that set the technological frontier face the competitive diffusion of some ‘intemdiate’ technologies. These may be either old technologies or ‘midrange’ ones. which purposefully lag behind the frontier, in order to impose lower adoption costs to their users.

Taking into account midrange innovations casts new light on the supply side of the diffu sion process. in terms of technological variety and selection effects. Drawing examples from the electronic colour pre-press industry, we highlight the equipment suppliers' anxious quest for the successful midrange innovation, able to hit the right txade-off between proximity to the frontier and adoption costs.     

河北省农户采用蔬菜农艺节水集成技术意愿影响因素的实证分析——以藁城市为例

依据河北省藁城市种植设施蔬菜农户的调查资料,运用两项Logit模型,对农户采用蔬菜农艺节水集成技术意愿的影响因素进行实证研究。研究表明,蔬菜农艺节水集成技术应该重点向家庭年均总收入高、种植业收入占家庭总收入比重高、劳动力占家庭总人口比重高、户主男性、户主文化程度高的农户示范和推广;应加强引导示范户的示范、带动作用;通过各种途径强化节水宣传教育,使农户增强农业节水意识;政府应制订政策,合理提高农业水费,促进农户节水;进一步加大科研人员传播蔬菜节水技术信息的力度;政府应反思其工作方式,采用多数农民满意的扶持方式;尽量少用村干部、培训会方式宣传蔬菜节水技术信息。     

Bank acquisitions of investment dealers: Canadian evidence and implications for Glass-Steagall reform

This paper analyzes the 1987 change in Canadian legislation permitting commercial banks to engage in investment banking, and makes comparisons to the US, where similar regulatory change is under way. The study focuses on the impact of such regulatory change on issue costs for corporations raising seasoned common equity. The findings indicate that although regulatory reform per se has had no effect on issue costs, costs for issues handled by a bank-owned underwriter are lower than those handled by an independent underwriter. The lower cost may be indicative of the availability of economies of scope between underwriting and commercial banking. First Version Received: Nov. 1998 / Final Version Received: March 2000     

浅析金融全球化与中国银行业重构

任何事物都具有两重性,金融全球化对任何国家都是利弊共存的,本文先就金融全球化的定义和特点作简要地阐述,然后通过对其他学者研究结论进行分析,得出结论,一个国家是否能从金融全球化中受益,取决于国家具体环境和体制特征,而这其中最重要的是金融体制,由于中国是以银行为主导的金融体制,所以,银行业重构就成了这个问题的关键。得出结论后,通过分析中国目前银行业存在的主要问题,参照韩国银行业重构的成功经验.提出了相应的重构方案。     

混业经营与金融体系稳定性:基于银行危机的全球实证分析

银行混业经营不仅关系到自身效率的提高,更关系到银行体系乃至整个金融体系的稳定性。对全球范围内61个国家的跨国数据进行的实证分析表明,一个国家对银行混业经营的限制越少,该国的金融体系越趋于稳定,发生银行危机的概率也越小。不仅如此,在宏观经济越不稳定的国家,其一般性银行危机演变为系统性银行危机的概率也越大。     

居民储蓄率与金融风险

以间接融资为主的独特金融结构决定了我国金融体系的稳定性对于银行体系从而高储蓄率的依赖。因而,研究我国居民储蓄率的决定因素以及其波动趋势并在宏观调控层面予以关注、监控就应成为防范金融风险的重要举措。     

制度变迁下国有商业银行农村服务网络演化——以农业银行兰考县支行为例

经济转轨背景下农村的银行服务网络呈现出不同于城市的演化特征。从制度变迁角度建构分析框架,基于历史、调查与访谈数据,以农业银行兰考县支行为例,探讨我国商业银行农村服务网络演化动力机制。研究表明:国有商业银行农村服务网络经历了恢复成立后的快速扩张和密集的人工网点服务,市场化改革中农村业务收缩和大规模网点撤并,到新时期人工、自助、电子、代理等多元服务渠道扩张;农村银行服务网络演化是商业银行和制度环境相互作用的空间过程,普惠金融战略下我国特别强调金融服务的均等化和基础金融网点的全覆盖,商业银行不断借助新的伙伴关系开拓农村市场,其中合作代理日益发挥重要作用。不同地区、不同商业银行农村服务网络模式的差异,农村银行服务网络转型对农村社会经济发展、金融生态环境改善、农民金融素养提升的影响等还需进一步研究。