Crazy Cotton Collapse the Textile Industry＇？

Crazily has the price for the cotton rocketed!
The -transaction price, for only month, has seen a 40% rise,     

重点行业:化肥春讯来临

我国出口贸易已迈入恢复发展之际,借助多方推手共同作用的化肥行业已迎来新的转机。2009年下半年,化肥行业出口形势已经止住下跌势头,企稳回调。国家刚刚颁布的2010年关税实施方案下调了化肥行业淡季出口关税,为该行业未来出口业     

国际油价与人民币汇率的非对称溢出效应研究--基于VEC-BEKK-GARCH模型

石油作为重要的战略能源,其价格波动对全球经济的运行和发展会产生极大的影响。为测算国际油价与人民币汇率的均衡关系及非对称溢出效应,选取2008年1月~2019年7月的每日数据,在平稳性检验的基础上,综合运用协整检验和脉冲响应函数等方式,对二者的均值溢出效应进行测量;在VECBEKK-GARCH模型的支撑下,对其非对称波动溢出效应水平进行测算。研究结果表明:国际油价与人民币汇率的协整关系和均值溢出效应处于长期均衡状态;二者的非对称波动溢出效应是双向的,国际油价会随人民币汇率的变化呈现出时变性和持续性特征,而国际油价变动具备持续性特征时,人民币汇率随之产生变化。这种非对称波动溢出效应表明,无论国际油价如何变化,对人民币汇率的冲击都是非对称的。     

国际油价与人民币汇率传导效应研究

随着全球经济一体化进程加速,国际油价波幅加大,国际油价冲击对汇率的传导作用问题为国际社会所关注。通过实证研究证明国际油价冲击对人民币兑美元实际双边汇率存在传导效应,当国际油价上涨时,人民币实际汇率先贬值再升值。在国际油价波动日益剧烈的今天,人民币名义汇率保持稳定将有利于中国经济的发展。     

The Effect of Entering the WTO on the Oil Industry and the Economy of Taiwan

The crude oil price of the world increased two‐fold during 1999–2002. The price of domestic oil products for the same period increased with a smaller percentage, i.e., 27 per cent. This phenomenon could be attributed to Taiwan's oil market liberalisation after 2000 and its entering the WTO since November 2001. According to this study, the effect of entering the WTO itself suppressed the oil price from increase by 15.455 per cent in 2002. It also reduced the inflation rate by 0.74 per cent and increased the economic growth by 0.39 per cent. Nevertheless, entering the WTO also increases the competition in the oil industry, which is a big challenge to the domestic oil refinery sector and the state‐owned Chinese Petroleum Corporation in particular. The price decrease of oil products also increases the demand for oil products and exacerbated air pollution and CO₂ emissions. For minimising the negative impact of entering the WTO on the economy, the Taiwan government has devised a series of preparations in the last decade. Those preparations include a step‐by‐step market liberalisation plan, a strategy taken by the state‐owned CPC, a new taxation implementation and the legislative works such as the Petroleum Act. This experience might be worthwhile for the reference of other economies.     

国际油价与石油公司业绩分析——以中海油、中石油、中石化为例

20世纪后半叶以来,国际油价波动剧烈,深深影响着我国石油公司的业绩乃至整个国民经济。在分析近十年的国际油价和国内三大石油公司的业绩基础上,构建出油价-公司业绩的二次曲线模型,结果表明:稳定在40-60美元/桶的油价是三大石油公司业绩最优区间。     

“一带一路”背景下人民币国际化的原油计价研究

在"一带一路"倡议下,人民币国际化的原油计价面临着重大机遇:中国与"一带一路"沿线能源出口国利益互补、亚洲缺少原油定价中心、全球出现"去美元化"的趋势以及人民币国际化具备强有力支撑等条件,但同时也面临着资本管制与原油期货市场流动性的冲突、较低开放度的中国金融市场无法为人民币提供畅通的回流路径以及"新特里芬难题"等挑战。借鉴相关发展经验,应积极推进人民币原油期货市场建设、推进金融市场开放构建人民币环流、扩大与"一带一路"沿线国家(地区)的贸易往来、借助基础设施建设强化人民币计价功能等,努力实现人民币国际化的原油计价。     

谷物冷却机对东北粳稻的安全度夏储粮试验

东北粳稻谷冷通风的储粮试验的结果表明,在南方高温高湿天气下,采用谷冷准低温储粮,可消除常规储藏粮堆的发热隐患,避免储粮的晾晒及熏蒸,有利于稻谷品质保鲜,与常规储藏相比,谷冷通风储粮的吨粮成本可降低约12.67元,粮库粳稻储存经济效益和社会效益显著。     

Regime switching in the reactions of stock markets in Saudi Arabia to oil price variations

The study revisits the stock–oil nexus by examining the reactions of equity markets to oil price shocks at national and sectoral levels for Saudi Arabia in a time‐varying framework by employing the Markov switching EGARCH model developed by Henry (2009, Journal of Banking and Finance, 33, 405). Based on weekly data, the findings reveal that the behaviour of all stock markets switches between an expansion regime and a recession regime, with more persistence for the expansion state. Additionally, influential international events associated with stock market drops are clearly identified in the recession regime. Furthermore, there is evidence of asymmetric reactions of the equity index returns and the probabilities of transition from one state to another to oil price variations, with heterogeneous impacts across sectors and regimes. The stock markets are more sensitive to oil price decreases than to oil price increases. Although the evidence of relatively slight differences in some findings across weekdays, the study allows investors and policymakers to understand well the interactions of stock sector markets vis‐à‐vis the world oil market in a regime‐switching framework, in order to make the right decision as regards portfolio diversification and regulation of the stock markets.     

人民币汇率变动趋势及其影响

根据中国经济增长、国际收支状况和PPP理论,人民币汇率长期呈升值趋势。2005年7月,政府在恰当的时机选择实施了恰当的小步渐进式调整方案,短期内对投机外汇流入、对外贸易、引进外资和对外投资、国内物价和金融稳定产生一定的趋势性影响。     

人民币国际化的现实路径与机遇

随着中国经济的发展,国际影响力的提高,人民币的国际地位也随之提升,边境贸易助推人民币区域化,货币互换为增加境外人民币存量提供了制度安排,离岸中心为境外人民币提供了服务平台,人民币国际化在各个领域已经形成共识。受全球金融危机的影响,世界关键货币——美元持续疲软,国际能源价格持续下跌,给人民币国际化创造了难得的历史机遇,人民币加速国际化的呼声也越来越高涨。中国应利用人民币升值通道期,推动人民币国际结算功能实现;利用石油价格的下跌期,推动重要能源的人民币国际计价;利用中国全球贸易地位,树立人民币储备货币地位。     

Oil and the economy: evolution not revolution

Oil price shocks have had significant effects on the U.S. economy, keeping energy supply, energy policy, and energy security always in focus. The U.S. energy industry has become more efficient and productive, with increased output despite a smaller energy sector. Since the oil price shocks of the 70s, both the impact of oil price shocks and the way we think about them have changed. The impact of an oil price shock on GDP and core inflation is much smaller in magnitude than in the past and depends on the source of the price shock. The recent shale boom in the U.S. has significantly increased oil production to a record high. The short-cycle supply response of shale producers to price changes have trimmed the peaks and troughs of oil prices in the medium term. The shale boom has lowered our dependence on foreign oil and made us less vulnerable to a classic oil supply shock, but we need to contemplate the vulnerabilities that arise from the externalities of our energy use, which will become more critical as we go forward.     

Ursachen des Rohölpreisanstiegs seit 2016

Over the past year and a half, the price of crude oil has more than tripled. Such a price increase can have severe negative effects on the global economy. The effects depend on the underlying causes of the oil price rise. We find that the rise in crude oil prices is mainly due to an increase in global real economic activity and can only be explained to a small extent by a decline in the physical supply of crude oil.     

On unit prices and their use in the analysis of the international specialization pattern within heterogeneous industries

The existence of factor intensity reversals between industrial countries has sometimes been attributed to differences in intra-industry specialisation. The industries studied are in fact quite heterogeneous. Consequently the relationships between the specialisation pattern of individual countries and differences in technology between industries may be obscured. In this paper a new method is presented with which specialisation of engineering trade can be studied in great detail. The method rests on the hypothesis that so called (metric) ton prices can be used as a proxy variable for differences in technology in a cross-section of engineering products. This hypothesis is further specified and tested in the paper for a cross-section of engineering products consisting of 40 subindustries of the Swedish engineering industry. If the outcome of the test can be assumed to hold both for a lower level of commodity aggregation and for other countries as well, the new method can be used to test different trade theories (including the factor proportions theory) on the engineering trade of industrial countries. It uses among other variables three variables constructed from the ton prices in engineering exports of OECD-Europe.The results of this paper carry major implications also on the construction and earlier use of price indices of engineering products. The results seem to imply that ton prices fo not measure product prices of engineering goods but rather the technology used in converting tons of metals into units of engineering goods. The price indices used in studies estimating price elasticities in foreign trade or production functions on time series data rest, however, im part on such an assumption.     

服务业对外开放、人民币实际汇率和出口企业加成率

本文通过将服务要素和汇率波动引入拓展的MO理论模型,并使用2001—2013年中国工业企业数据库和中国海关数据库匹配的样本研究了服务业对外开放对出口企业加成率的影响。研究结果表明:服务业对外开放显著提升了出口企业加成率,但人民币升值减弱了服务业开放的正面影响,该结论在经过工具变量法、替换变量等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;服务业对外开放对技术密集型企业、非垄断企业、加工和非加工贸易企业加成率的提升作用明显,但随着人民币升值该促进作用逐渐减弱;服务业对外开放通过提升产品质量促进出口企业加成率,人民币升值通过价格效应抑制出口企业加成率;服务业对外开放和人民币升值均显著降低了加成率离散程度,优化了资源配置;服务业对外开放通过资源再配置效应提升了行业加成率。     

The influence of oil price uncertainty on stock liquidity

Using high-frequency intraday data, this study provides strong empirical evidence that elevated oil price uncertainty has a significant and negative influence on stock liquidity. More specifically, the results suggest that large oil-related corporations are most affected, followed by small-listed firms more generally. Further analysis reveals that liquidity providers widen the bid-ask spreads to protect themselves during periods of high oil price uncertainty for large-listed firms, particularly those in the oil industry. These findings are robust to various measures of oil price uncertainty, different market conditions, structural break analysis and show the influence of oil price movements extends to stock liquidity.     

增加我国石油产量、进口量能有效 平抑我国油价吗

本文通过实证研究揭示国际油价和国内油价之间的协整关系及我国石油产量、进口量和出口量对石油价格的影响。结果显示:不管增加石油产量还是增加进口量,对于平抑石油价格的影响都将有限,因为我国目前粗放型经济对石油消费需求的过快增长,相对我国石油产量和进口量增加远跟不上需求增速,导致价格不断上涨。随着我国经济结构转型和人口红利消失、有效劳动人口减少,总体经济增速下降,必然导致我国对外资源依存度趋于平缓甚至下降,在现在这个转折时期,一味单纯地渲染能源饥渴甚至能源供应危机是危险的。目前不惜代价、大手笔地收购海外资源是不明智也是严重滞后的举措。     

Is the Chinese Currency Substantially Misaligned to Warrant Further Appreciation?

This study provides quarterly estimates of the misalignment in the real effective exchange rate (REER) of Renminbi (RMB) for the period 1999–2008. Starting from a commonly used economic approach, the estimates are obtained from an extensive application of econometric techniques on a carefully constructed database that covers 22 economies that account for roughly 70 per cent of China’s total foreign trade. Our estimates demonstrate that the RMB underwent a period of undervalued misalignment during the early to mid‐2000s, if measured vis‐à‐vis the REER of a multilateral currency basket of the 22 economies, but the misalignment margin has disappeared since 2008. However, if the RMB is only evaluated by a subpanel dataset including only the United States and the Euroland, the resulting misalignment estimates are much more pronounced and withstand the recent recession. The difference between the full‐panel dataset and subpanel dataset estimates suggests that the current misalignment problem lies more with overvalued USD and euro rather than with an undervalued RMB. The finding thus refutes the claim that the current global trade imbalance could be resolved mainly by further and greater appreciation of the RMB.     

人民币升值对出口商品价格传递效应的测度及其政策涵义——以中美贸易为例

以单位值指数构造方法为基础,选取五种商品分别构建五个不同行业商品的出口价格指数,经过协整检验、自回归分布滞后检验以及脉冲响应函数检验,结果发现:五种行业出口产品的价格指数在短期内均存在不完全的汇率传递效应;相对于其他行业来说,劳动密集型行业的汇率的短期出口价格效应更加明显;汇率传递的长期出口价格效应要高于短期出口价格效应。其政策涵义是,为规避人民币升值的负面效应,中国应该积极推动全球化过程中贸易自由化进程,做好劳动密集型行业的升级和优化,稳步推进人民币汇率形成机制和管理体制改革,宏观政策做到微观审慎监管和宏观审慎监管相结合。     

人民币国际化视野下中国石油进口的人民币结算探讨

中国能否随着石油买方地位的不断提高,实现并不断扩大石油进口的人民币结算,进而推动人民币国际化,是具有战略意义的现实问题。本文构建理论框架就中国十大进口来源国对于美元、美国市场和中国市场的态度以及双边贸易差额情况进行逐一分析,研究发现,中国同主要石油进口来源国以人民币结算石油贸易具有很大的可行空间,对此,我们可以进一步扩大人民币作为结算货币的作用,进而将其作为推动人民币国际化的突破口。