n-直觉多边形模糊有序加权距离算子及其在绿色供应商评价中的应用

n-直觉多边形模糊集(n-intuitionistic polygonal fuzzy sets)是三角形直觉模糊集(TIFS)和梯形直觉模糊集(TRIFS)的扩展形式。针对决策信息为n-直觉多边形模糊集的多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于有序加权距离测度的多属性决策方法。在分析现有n-直觉多边形模糊集距离测度方法不足的基础上,首先概括了n-IPFSs的概念和运算法则;其次提出了n-直觉多边形模糊有序加权距离算子(n-IPFOWD),并给出了该测度的权重确定方法;最后提出了一种基于n-直觉多边形模糊有序加权距离算子(n-IPFOWD)的多属性决策方法,并用绿色供应商评价实例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于直觉模糊集TOPSIS法的运输路径选择

运输路径选择是一个多属性决策问题,路径选择的合理化势必对企业的经济效益产生影响。文章根据TOPSIS的价值函数模型,通过对物流运输系统的分析,提取5个影响路径选择的因素,使用直觉模糊集确定属性的指标值和权重,建立一种基于直觉模糊集TOPSIS法的运输路径选择模型。数据实例说明该方法不仅解决了决策过程中出现的模糊性信息,而且还克服了传统评价指标的单一性缺陷,是一种有效、实用的方法,可为解决直觉模糊多属性决策提供新途径。     

绝对偏好度指标赋权模型在企业竞争力评价中的应用

影响企业竞争力的各个因素，由于其影响力不同，所以在对企业竞争力进行评价时应该被赋予不同的权重。文章在直觉模糊集的范畴内提出绝对偏好度这一概念，指出并证明其具有类似于效用函数的公理性性质，正是由于绝对偏好度的优良性质，可以有效地对直觉模糊判断矩阵的一致性进行检验。基于此文章提出一种新的指标赋权模型，并将其运用到企业竞争力评价当中。     

直觉模糊熵的多属性在企业选拔管理人员中的应用

本文采用一种基于熵程序的直觉模糊多属性决策程序的方法,建立了一种选拔最优秀的管理人员的直觉模糊多属性决策模型。首先计算直觉模糊矩阵,然后确定各个属性的权重,最后利用标准得分矩阵和加权平均算子计算各个人员的综合评分,并以此作为决策依据。最后通过实例验证了算法的有效性。     

基于区间毕达哥拉斯模糊相似测度的多属性群决策方法研究

毕达哥拉斯模糊集是对模糊集和直觉模糊集的推广,本文在实型广义加权平均算子的基础上提出一种新的测度——区间毕达哥拉斯模糊余弦相似测度,并提出了一种基于该相似测度的多属性决策方法。首先,介绍区间毕达哥拉斯模糊数的概念以及运算法则;其次提出了区间毕达哥拉斯模糊有序加权余弦相似测度,分析了其单调性、有界性等相关性质以及其多种推广形式,并将其运用至多属性群决策问题中。最后,将这种群决策方法运用在推选优秀学生的方案选择中,通过改变参数及权重向量取值的方法得到不同集结结果,体现了本文提出的方法的有效性及可行性。     

废弃泥浆处理措施的综合评价优选

针对目前施工技术的发展和施工环境的复杂性,致使选用不同废弃泥浆处理措施产生的综合效益存在较大差异,现通过构建综合效益评价指标体系,利用C-OWA算子进行指标赋权,同时引入直觉模糊集对定性指标准确评定,通过直觉模糊集topsis决策评判方法对各处理措施进行综合效益评价。并且在评价后加入成本考量,利用成本综合效益比对各措施进行排序优选。最后,以甘肃某项目为研究对象进行实证分析,验证了设计评价指标和模型的科学合理、结果准确,具有实践意义。     

基于模糊综合评判模型的软件非功能属性评估方法研究

文章将模糊综合评判模型应用于软件非功能属性的评估,提出一种单因素模糊评价方法——标尺法,以及基于模糊集重心概念将以模糊数表示的综合评价结果转换为明晰数的解模糊方法。与传统方法相比,评价者使用标尺法进行模糊评分,简单、直观,计算量小,更加易于实现,并且保持了一定的语义分辨度。     

宏观经济发现逻辑模型

世界政治和经济格局的多元化使得宏观经济运行中普遍存在大量的不确定性现象，急待建立一个与之相应的科学、系统、新颖、有效和可操作的经济分析模糊统计方法与中国宏观经济运行中的发现逻辑模型。 一、经济现象的模糊集值统计 一般统计方法用数值反映经济指标值，而模糊集值统计则用特殊模糊集合——模糊数作为经济指标的数量描述值。数值的优点是计算简单，缺点是由于过于简单而带来的信息丢失。另外，数值本身具有明显的可比性。人为地将不确定现象强加了一种顺序。 普通统计方法常常是从试验中得到指标的数据，然后进行统计推断。模糊…     

基于模糊集对分析的老年公寓战略联盟绩效研究

老年公寓战略联盟绩效评价指标复杂,不确定性强,绩效评价受主观因素影响大,传统的评价方法很难对联盟绩效作出合理评价。本文借鉴集对分析理论将确定性和不确定性视为一个系统,运用同、异、反思想,定量计算绩效考核指标与评价标准之间的联系度,构建老年公寓战略联盟模糊集对绩效评价模型,并根据模糊判断矩阵确定评价指标的权重。为保证差异度系数的合理取值,本文采用两种方法对差异度系数进行迭代计算。算例研究结果表明:模糊集对分析可以有效评价老年公寓战略绩效,且为老年公寓联盟绩效评价提供了一种更为科学可行的方法。     

直觉梯形模糊几何集成算子及其在群决策中的应用

文章首先定义了直觉梯形模糊数及其运算法则,基于这些运算法则,给出了直觉梯形模糊几何集成算子,即直觉梯形模糊加权几何(IT-WG)算子、直觉梯形模糊有序加权几何(IT-OWG)算子以及直觉梯形模糊混合几何(IT-HG)算子。在此基础上,提出了在属性权重已知的情形下专家评价值以直觉梯形模糊信息给出的多属性群决策方法。最后以产品最优设计方案的选择为实例进行分析,所得结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。