生态公益林可持续经营发展的探讨

从生态公益林持续经营的内涵、经营目标、经营对策三个方面,对生态公益林可持续经营发展问题进行了专题的初步探讨,以供同仁参考。     

重点生态公益林存在的问题及经营对策

重点介绍了生态工程建设的目标和任务,重点生态公益林经营存在的问题分析,重点生态公益林的经营对策。     

生态公益林可持续经营路径探讨——以德宏为例

公益林作为森林资源的重要组成部分,对保护和改善人类生存环境、维持生态平衡、保存物种资源、科学实验、森林旅游、国土保安、森林保护示范方面等具有重要作用。但生态公益林建设和保护面临补偿标准低、调增公益林难、公益林遭侵蚀、林分质量降低、管护能力弱等问题,探讨生态公益林可持续经营路径,实现生态经济效益双赢,对于生物多样性保护和西南生态安全屏障建设具有重要意义。     

谈生态公益林及商品林的经营

森林分类经营是按照生态优先的嗯则和森林多功能主导利用的不同,将森林、林木和林地划分为生态公益林和商品林,分别按照各自的特点和运营规律进行经营的一种模式。其目的就是在生态公益林区,通过资金的投入和建设,改善生态环境,使生态公益林区的森林资源得以恢复;在立地条件较好的、交通方便的商品林区,通过集约经营,大量生产木材,满足市场需求。获取最大经济效益。     

对我国林业分类经营模式的研究

林业分类经营条件下，森林资源价值相应地分为商品林价值和公益林价值。商品林价值主要指作为商品林的森林资源的经济价值，而公益林价值则表现为作为公益林的森林资源的生态价值。但从我国的国情来看，以林业分工论为基础的，以经营体制为划分标准的分类经营模式更具战略意义，这里我们对这种划分模式进行一些考察。     

生态公益林补偿的必要性及补偿标准的分析

如何完善生态公益林补偿是我们当今面临的问题之一。笔者对生态公益林及其补偿进行探讨,并分析了当前生态公益林补偿中存在的部分问题和补充与完善生态公益林补偿机制的方法和途径。一、生态公益林及其补偿（一）生态公益林定义及类型生态公益林不仅仅包含防护作用以及特殊作用,还包含社会效益和生态作用。生态公益林含有林木、森林以及林地。一方面,生态公益林的范围广泛,包含目前存在的森林,也包含后期改造和建设的具有社会效益和生态作用的森林;另一方面,生态公益林能最大限度的发挥森林的社会效益和生态作用。随着社会的发展,时代的进步,     

试论国有林场森林分类经营

如何搞好国有林场的林业分类经营，提高商品林经济效益，对生态公益林实施有效的经营和保护成为国有林场当前生产经营活动中面临的重要问题。     

论述国有林场森林分类经营

随着社会生产的发展,人类对环境的影响日趋剧烈。与此同时,森林的生态环境调节功能也越来越受到重视,林业不但是一个物质资料生产部门,同时也是生态公益功能生产部门。但是,在分类经营不能得到有效实施的情况下,对林业生态公益功能的认识只能停留在宣传上,还未能做到针对森林的公益功能采取有效的经营措施,也未能理顺受益与经营之间,投入与产出之间的关系,因此也直接影响到生态公益林经营和商品林经营两者之间的正常经营关系,使两者的主体功能都不能得到有效发挥。近几年来,在实现造林绿化后,部分林场不能很快转到高效林业发展方向上来,从而造成林场生态经济效益下降,经营风险承受能力降低,经济上面临越来越大的困难。因此,如何搞好林场的林业分类经营,提高商品林经济效益,对生态公益林实施有效的经营和保护成为林场当前生产经营活动中面临的重要问题。     

浅谈克东县生态公益林天然次生林的经营措施

论述了克东县生态公益林中天然次生林的分布特征和天然次生林的林相特点,根据以上特点论述了天然次生林的经营措施。     

关于国有林场森林实行分类经营的几点思考

如何搞好国有林场的林业分类经营,提高商品林经济效益,对生态公益林实施有效的经营和保护,成为国有林场当前生产经营活动中面临的重要问题。本文主要论述了国有林场森林实行分类经营的有关问题,并提出了一些建设性的看法。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。