基于决策树技术的信息化项目文化冲突研究

企业在信息化项目实施的各个环节中普遍存在各种各样的冲突．对冲突进行有效识别，依据冲突类型选择合适的对策．是降低项目风险、实现项目效益的关键。信息化项目的高复杂性、高风险性对项目的冲突管理提出了较高的要求．目前对信息化项目中的冲突管理研究较多集中于管理理念和理论分析层面。结合文化冲突特点的实证研究较少。决策树方法是数据挖掘及数据分析中广泛应用的技术。具有清晰直观、易于解释的优点。本文通过决策树C5．0算法，尝试运用数据挖掘技术进行文化冲突研究。通过对项目中6种冲突管理决策类型的分析，提供了依据冲突情景选择应对策略的分类决策方法。实验证明，该方法可行。本研究为我国企业在信息化项目中遇到的冲突问题。提供了应对方法，同时也扩展了数据挖掘决策树技术的应用领域。     

数据挖掘技术在企业人力资源管理中的应用

在经济全球化和知识经济主导的趋势下,人力资源管理在提高企业竞争力、建立核心竞争优势中将扮演更为重要的角色。文章在分析目前企业人力资源管理中存在的局限性的基础上,引入了数据挖掘技术,描述并介绍了数据挖掘技术原理和实现数据挖掘的基本过程,选择采用了决策树分类算法,将决策树模型用于人力资源管理中,获得了成功的应用。     

基于粗糙集—决策树的上市公司财务预警

传统的财务预警研究往往把企业财务状况分成ST和非ST两类,过于笼统。为此本文首先运用聚类的方法把138家制造业上市公司分为财务状况健康、良好、一般、预警和危机5个层次,这使得对企业财务预警的研究更贴合实际,并且使实证研究结果更加准确。然后运用粗糙集中的变精度加权平均粗糙度来构造决策树的改进算法,对这些公司进行分类,进而提出公司财务状况预警的规则,这样生成的决策树财务预警规则防噪声能力更强,分类效果更好。     

基于CHAID方法的中小企业上市公司财务预警研究

本文从数据挖掘技术的角度出发,选取111家沪深中小上市公司,采用CHAID决策树模型方法对所选中小企业进行财务预警分析后把样本企业划分为3个不同的层面,并对其进行了分析,最后还对CHAID决策树模型方法进行了评价分析。     

基于序列决策的成绩分析系统研究

文章通过对数据挖掘技术的相关分析与比较,提出了序列决策的分析方法,将数据挖掘与统计分析相结合,从海量成绩数据中提取隐藏于其中的有用信息,从而科学指导教学,提高教学管理水平。序列决策是指:采用模糊聚类算法对数据进行分组;采用基于决策树的分类方法,对成绩分析库中数据进行挖掘,生成学生成绩决策树,采用基于总结规则的统计分析方法,进行模型准确性评估。     

论数据挖掘技术在网络信息安全管理中的应用

在本文中主要阐述了数据挖掘技术在网络信息安全管理中的应用背景、目标、应用模型和算法(以Apriori算法为例)等。通过在网络信息安全管理系统中应用了数据挖掘技术,从而实现对各类网络信息安全事件信息的整理、分类和深度关联分析,从而为网络信息安全管理工作提供有效的政策支撑和安全态势描述,为有效提升网络信息安全的主动防御能力提供了技术支撑。     

数据挖掘分类算法研究综述

随着数据库应用的不断深化,数据库的规模急剧膨胀,数据挖掘已成为当今研究的热点。特别是其中的分类问题,由于其使用的广泛性,现已引起了越来越多的关注。对数据挖掘中的核心技术分类算法的内容及其研究现状进行综述。认为分类算法大体可分为传统分类算法和基于软计算的分类法两类。通过论述以上算法优缺点和应用范围,研究者对已有算法的改进有所了解,以便在应用中选择相应的分类算法。     

神经网络技术在电信服务领域的应用

本文针对电信数据仓库和数据挖掘技术进行研究,重点应用聚类分析和神经网络算法,通过对异常点的查找,从电信数据中挖掘出特殊用户群,为提供更好的电信服务奠定基础。     

基于人工神经网络的企业生产预警管理系统研究

企业生产预警管理是生产企业现代管理的一种新模式,它通过监测指标,对企业外部环境变化和生产管理活动进行综合评价,判断企业生产管理所处状态,并采取相应的预先控制对策,使企业生产管理活动始终处于“安全、有效”的管理模式。人工神经网络是广泛应用于众多学科的非线性模拟技术,文章将人工神经网络技术应用到企业生产预警管理中,根据影响生产管理的指标和分类标准随机生成有效的样本数据以建立人工神经网络模型。结果表明样本生成方法和应用人工神经网络技术进行企业生产预警管理评估的方法是合理并可行的。     

基于RUSBoost算法的 违约风险预测模型构建与应用

针对金融借贷数据存在的较严重的类别不平衡问题,构建基于RUSBoost算法的违约风险预测模型.作为一种集成学习方法,RUSBoost算法利用欠采样实现了训练集的类别均衡,同时又通过对基学习器的独立采样有效克服了因欠采样而造成的信息丢失问题,从而实现了对类别不平衡数据的较强适应能力.基于某网络借贷平台的金融大数据,首次将RUSBoost算法应用于违约风险预测,同时也将随机森林、决策树以及支持向量机等数据挖掘方法分别应用于违约风险预测问题,并与传统的Logistic回归方法和最小二乘模型进行对比分析.从实验结果来看,绝大部分数据挖掘模型的预测性能要明显优于传统模型,而基于RUSBoost算法的违约风险预测模型又明显优于其他数据挖掘模型.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.