茶文化小镇旅游开发价值与策略研究--以浙江省龙坞镇为例

以浙江省龙坞镇在茶文化小镇旅游开发方面的探索为例,从龙坞茶镇的基本情况、茶文化旅游资源类型与特点及其茶文化旅游资源开发中存在的问题等方面,分析了龙坞镇进行茶文化旅游资源开发的背景,并从茶饮、茶俗、茶景三个方面探讨了龙坞镇茶文化旅游开发价值,最后提出了龙坞镇茶文化旅游资源开发的具体策略。     

普洱茶文化旅游产品的开发——以普洱市为例

普洱茶文化旅游产品的开发可以多形式的展示普洱茶文化、提升普洱市的旅游文化品味、打造普洱茶国际知名品牌和促进普洱市旅游的发展。本文以普洱市为例,从普洱茶文化旅游现状出发,针对目前普洱茶文化旅游中存在的问题,结合绿色经济发展需要,提出了开发普洱茶文化旅游产品的新举措和宣传策略。     

普洱市茶文化旅游发展探讨

茶文化旅游是利用茶叶的美学价值、历史文化价值和保健实用价值吸引旅游者进行休闲体验的一种新型旅游形式。普洱市(原思茅市)自古就是普洱茶的主要生产、加工、集散地,在长期的种茶、制茶、饮茶和贩茶过程中积淀了丰富的茶文化,发展茶文化旅游具有明显优势。本文主要阐述了茶文化旅游的内涵与特征,对发展普洱茶文化旅游的优势进行分析,找出存在的问题,在此基础上提出一些发展普洱茶文化旅游的建设性建议。     

茶文化创新旅游规划研究

本文通过对长沙湘丰茶场飞跃基地前后两次调研,分析"茶文化创新+旅游规划"的模式所展现的效果,中国茶文化博大精深,拥有极具内涵的人文思想,茶文化是许多物质生活中融入高深文化的突出代表,茶文化旅游是一项新兴的农业生态旅游项目.针对茶文化旅游发展中存在的对茶文化研究不足、 茶文化创新不够、 茶文化产品缺少等问题,进行了规划设计,并给了一定的建议.     

茶文化背景下邮轮旅游饮品的创新与发展

2020年给整个旅游行业带来了巨大的冲击,而曾经飞速发展的邮轮旅游行业也日益萧条,著名的“钻石公主号”一词更是让人闻风丧胆。如今全球各大邮轮公司几乎都在停运状态,大幅度裁员甚至所谓的“借债续命”现象屡见不鲜。然而,邮轮旅游的发展不会因这次事件而停滞,中国海南岛及台湾地区的一些近海邮轮航线已经开启,这说明中国的旅游经济已经开始复苏,而邮轮旅游产业更是需要借助这事件再次重生。本文主要围绕邮轮的常规饮品介绍,和公共卫生事件后符合大众健康创新饮品做比较,并阐述本文主旨——茶文化对于邮轮旅游创新饮品的推动作用,以及提出未来茶文化对于邮轮旅游饮品的发展方向与思考等问题。     

湖南名茶生产与乡村旅游的品牌化建设探索

湖南素有“绿色茶乡”美誉，茶的品类齐全，名茶名品众多，茶文化底蕴深厚，茶叶销售市场广阔，开发利用前景广阔。本文现就乡村旅游的茶文化品牌建设进行初步探索。     

从信阳茶文化看旅游产品资源开发

<正>信阳拥有极其丰富的茶文化旅游资源，并且具有很高的研究价值，但由于起步较晚以及一些限制因素的影响，在信阳的发展相对滞后。本文通过重点分析研究信阳茶文化研学旅游的现状，发现其不足，研究对策，以有效提高当地旅游产品资源的开发。自2013年以来，《国民旅游休闲纲要（2013-2020年）》中提出了“研学旅行”的概念，随后又出台了一系列政策文件，包括《国务院关于促进旅游业改革发展的若干意见》和《国务院办公厅关于促进全域旅游发展的指导意见》，     

一乡一品一节庆 富民强乡新“引擎”

“一脚踏三州,欢乐采摘游。”浙江省天台县三州乡因地处台州、金华（婺州）、绍兴（越州）三州交界而得名．这块“江南高原”之地通过节庆活动带动乡村旅游的实践．将茶文化旅游节培育成为当地的经常性文化旅游活动。     

武夷山大红袍茶文化旅游的开发与特色品牌打造

武夷岩茶大红袍素有“中国茶王”之称，其制作技艺是我国文化部惟一列为国家首批非物质遗产的茶类产品，其美名早已蜚声海内外。对于优先发展旅游业的武夷山而言，大红袍是一个独特的旅游资源，因此，借助武夷山世界双世遗平台。以大红袍为品牌，整合武夷山的旅游资源，加大对武夷山茶文化旅游的开发力度，为武夷山的旅游业增添新的内涵。     

安化黑茶产业创新设计研究初探

随着国家经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的提高,对健康的追求已经成为人们生活的重要内容.在此背景下,安化凭借其优异的自然地理环境和闻名于世的"黑茶"具有得天独厚的旅游开发资源.但是,要在国内同类型的茶文化旅游开发项目中脱颖而出,开发创新性整体规划设计和产品设计具有重要现实意义.本文在研究安化黑茶外形特点和文化内涵的基础上,对设计手法和方向进行了初步探索和研究,给安化黑茶产品设计提出了自己的观点.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.