Research on China Railway Reform and Informatization Model

Since 1980＇s, China railway has been advancing a deep reform, and mechanism has been introduced and various management information systems have been set up. However, railway informatization lacks systematic plan and coordination. Now in order to effect the span development of China railway and adjust its informatization for the administrative structure reform, based on the course and targets of railway reform, this paper analyses in depth the existing composition of railway management information systems and proposes the railway informatization three layers model according to the core business of railway transportation. In consideration of the further reform, it also gives a new overall thought of railway informatization under ＂network ＆ transport separation＂.     

Thought on self-innovation problems of Shanxi enterprises based on current situation of patent

As one of important components of intellectual property, patent＇s effect on self-innovation, especially technological innovation of enterprises has been paid attention more and more. While, compared with other provinces or six central provinces in china, whether on total numbers of applied and authorized patent or on the proportion of three-kind patent occupied as well as the proportion of applicants, the current situation of patent in Shanxi province is not as good as our expectation. In order to eliminate the bottleneck restricting the economic development of Shanxi province, the government shall increase the scientific and technological input and allocate the R＆D resources reasonably on the basis of improving the innovative system with enterorises as main body.     

Several Queries about the Weston Model of Valuation in M ＆ A

Weston model supposes ＂Income after tax will grow at the same velocity as sales and capital＂. However, due to the inappropriate forecast procedure, the forecast results of several significant parameters contradict to the assumption and the change for value can＇t be calculated properly when making the sensitivity analysis. On the other hand, the model supposes that ‘＂There is no growth since N＋1 year＂, but this disagrees with the DCF （discounted cash flow） formula under the zero growth after supernormal increasing period and it will overestimate the corporation value.     

Analysis on the internal mechanism forming the capital operation venture of nation-owned enterprises

According to the Capital of Karl Marx, capital aims at realizing the value maintenance and increment during the process of its cycle and turnover. Without the conditions of capital＇s cycle and turnover, it will break off. This will furthermore bring an obstacle to the value maintenance and increment of capital, which is the root of capital operation venture and is also the internal mechanism forming the capital operation venture of nation-owned enterprises.     

The Application of Accounting Conservatism Principle in China

The accounting conservatism principle is a key principle observed in the enterprises＇ accounting and publishing information. The conservatism principle has been widely used in the accounting principles and the accounting systems. This paper aims at analyzing and discussing the practical application of the conservatism principle in China by combining the theory with practice.     

Dual Technology Management Model of design and production utilizing CAE ＆ experiment

At present, one of the specific measures taken is an urgent improvement of intelligent productivity for the purpose of offering highly reliable products to create customer value in a short period of time. Against this background, the author focuses on the New Japan Production Model for establishing a development designing and production engineering system in the automotive industry. This paper presents the Dual Technology Management Model of design and production for establishing a development designing and production quality assurance system that is indispensable for CAE （Computer-Aided Engineering） and experiment in the automotive industry and its effectiveness is verified.     

Is China＇s Dream to be the ＂World Factory＂ Realistic？

Recently some foreign media have all along been preaching that China has become a ＂world factory＂. It is a fact that ＂China-made＂ products have penetrated into every comer of the world. It seems that this kind of ＂preaching＂ is not a groundless rumor. But in fact, there is still a long way for China to become a real world factory. This paper firstly presents the definition and connotation of world factory, and then elaborates the establishment of world factory and problems existing in the process. In the end, the author gives some suggestions to the establishment of the world factory.     

Proposal and validity of Intelligent Customer Information Marketing Model： Strategic development of advanced TMS

In this paper, one vital point of the strategic marketing structure is its definition, marketing activities should be defined from ＂closed marketing activities＂ that are limited to the business and sales division to ＂open marketing activities＂ that can be performed through steady linkage with all other divisions in a company-wide framework. The aim is for an ＂Evolution of Market Creating＂ through ＂High Quality Assurance and Innovating Advertisement, Product planning and Dealers＇ Sales Activities＂ by utilizing the scientific approach of Advanced TMS. So, the authors present an ＂Intelligent Customer Information Marketing Model, ICIM＂ which takes the form of strategic marketing. As an example of the application of this research, the authors apply this model to advertising, product planning and dealers＇ sales activities and obtained the results shown.     

Study on the Dimensionality-Hierarchy Structure of Core Competence and Its Evaluation and judgement Model

Firstly, this paper has studied the core competence＇s analysis and evaluation deeply and put forward the analysis dimensionalities and index system of core competence, Then, the models and the methods are studied and concluded to ascertain the index value. This paper has also divided the core competence into three layers and given out the Dimensionality-Hierarchy structure of core competence through combining the analysis dimensionalities with the competence layers. At last, the model is described to evaluate, analyze and judge the corporation＇s competence.     

The Foundation and Pattern Choice for the Sustainable Development of Chinese Financial Trust Industry

Since it was resumed in 1979, China＇s financial trust industry has experienced five major improvement and rectification. With the implementation and promulgation of ＂one law and two regulations＂ and the establishment of China＇s Trust Industry Association, financial trust industry is developing into a relatively good stage. In view of practice and regular patterns of its development, we have to set up ideas of sustainable development so as to prevent the financial trust industry from involving in a circle of ＂development-- reorganization---development again--reorganization again＂. At present, the premise to realize financial trust industry＇s sustainable development is to fully understand the unique comparative advantage of financial trust industry and establish scientific market function.     

Economic Cooperation Organization Member Countries＇ Economic Development： The Importance of Assessing Technoparks

Advanced technologies in the world, especially in the last quarter century of rapid change, radical innovation were required to compete in important decisions, triggered by the national network of cooperation structures which is a very significant changes in participates in the regional country or new technology generation and transfer systems to be released; starting from the most basic research on the effect of knowledge production, commercialization, distribution of the total well-being of society is an important dating ＂shining knowledge value chain＂. This important change has become the main formative element of the economies. Recent advances in the knowledge economy and the resulting new strategic theories, knowledge, technology transfer, and increased mobility at the long distances, the concept of regional development is a brand new technological cooperation aims and information focusing on the transformation processes of growth of the economies of developed nations, which is the most important technological innovation in the vision of the economic development advanced plays an important role, evolving processes trigger in all aspects of the right to read most threats and opportunities that might be the best analysis, by passing the appropriate policies for countries in their visions, and entrusted a vital importance. In this context, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Yajikistan, Yurkmenistan, and Uzbekistan in addition to research, technology development and production partner countries＇ and these countries sharing innovation structures with R＆D Center in technoparks and to serve together in the development of the total synergies ＂of the economic cooperation organization＂.     

The Comprehensive Development of Professional Education under the Guidance of Life-long Education

Life-long Education has become an idea of global influence. Governments all over the world are paying increasing attention to the building of ＂learning organizations＂. The thesis maintains that polytechnics, playing a vital role in the construction of local life-long educational systems, must adopt the innovative educational philosophy and orient themselves towards their target market in order to serve the ever growing and changing demand. By developing individuals＇ life-long employability, vocational colleges are well in the position to serve as the leader of the ＂leaming communities＂ and the source of the infectious passion for leaming （radiating infectious passion for learning）.     

Efficiency Analysis of China＇s Commercial Banks Based on DEA： Negative Output Investigation

This paper focuses on the shortcomings of the extensively-used method of DEA in evaluating the efficiency of bank, i.e., the DEA method cannot make further comparisons to the efficient units and it does not take into account the situation of negative input or output value. We use the BCC model in DEA to measure the fourteen Chinese commercial banks＇ efficiency in 1999. Since BCC model has the property of transformation invariance, the problem of negative input or output value is thus resolved. We also use the super-efficiency DEA model to rank all the efficient units completely.     

The effectiveness of flyer advertising employing TMS： Key to scientific automobile sales innovation at Toyota

In this paper, the author shows the effectiveness of flyer advertising utilizing as a core technology Toyota Marketing System （TMS）. TMS is part of new JIT, which contributes to constructing a Toyota Sales Marketing System （TSMS）. This new TSMS is key to scientific automobile sales innovation at Toyota group dealers in Japan. This study describes the ＂flyer advertising effect＂, the ＂day of the week effect＂, and the ＂new car effect＂. Employing the Science SQC approach, these effects are acknowledged among those on the front lines of automobile sales as having a high level of investment efficiency and resultant customer traffic.     

Factors of village cadres＇ incentive in Changwu County

At present, there is a few research literatures about village cadres＇ incentive, mostly focusing on negative incentive of how to control village cadres. This paper studies village cadres＇ incentive on three dimensions, including job-satisfaction evaluation, job-difficulty evaluation and job-retaining will. After analyzing the first investigated rural data, building Ordered Logistic Regression Model and experimenting scene investigation, this paper has studied the four incentive elements like payment, reputation, developmental chance and institutions of rural governance, whose contribution to village cadres＇ allover incentive. Following results have been found： （1） The real paid percentage of village cadres can significantly increase the job-satisfaction and reduce the evaluation of job-difficulty, thus improve the job-retaining willingness; （2） The good reputation can also improve the job-satisfaction and the job-retaining willingness significantly, decrease the evaluation of job-difficulty; （3） The normalized rural governance institutions can increase the job-satisfaction and job-retaining willingness, yet may increase the difficulty of work in short-term; （4） The incentive effect of providing some training chance to village cadres is vague.     

Exporting National Champions： China＇s Outward Foreign Direct Investment Finance in Comparative Perspective

We examine the extent to which Chinese development banks have financed the globalization of China＇s ＂national champion ＂firms： specifically, through outward foreign direct investment （OFDI）. We create a database of Chinese fnance for OFDI and compare our results to the existing literature and available data on Japan, Korea and other Asian nations. We estimate the total value of China＇s OFDI finance from 2002 to 2012 at US$14Obn. As a percentage of total OFDI, China＇s lending is roughly three times higher than Japan ＇s, the previous global leader in OFDl finance. We identify two major reasons for China＇s high （31 percent） ratio of OFDl lending to total OFDI. First, China has a greater incentive to give OFDI loans than Japan or Korea ever did because its borrowers are statelowned so it can more easily channel funds to targeted areas. Second, China has a greater capacity to give OFDI loans because it has significantly higher savings and foreign exchange reserves than Japan and Korea.     

Analysis of the Trade Dispute of Chinese Agricultural Products and Its Countermeasures

The trade dispute of agricultural products has become one of the hot issues that international community has paid close attention to for three years. This paper analyzes the current dispute situation, the characters and the causes in international export trade. It also points out how the government, enterprises and employer＇s organizations deal with the trade dispute of agricultural products.     

Ou Rhetoric Metaphor in English Teaching

As an important understanding method of human, metaphor has played a crucial role in human＇s cognition of the concept and structure of things. Modern metaphorical theory stresses the way of thinking and cognitive style of language speakers and it has been paying more and more attention by foreign language teachers and learners. Its positive guiding role and the value of application has been recognized by many experts and scholars both at home and abroad. The research results show that whether in teaching English vocabulary or cultural teaching, teachers can make use of the character of metaphorical understanding to guide students to regard metaphor as an effective cognitive tool, to understand and use English vocabulary and cultural knowledge. Therefore, English language teachers should pay attention to absorbing and applying the latest achievements of metaphor research, explain in detail the rationale behind the phenomenon, and organize the scattered language phenomenon through metaphor, in order to promote English language teaching level.     

Restriction of cost of capital＇s property right and financing preference of listed companies

Opposite to the financing preference of creditor＇s rights in western firms, Chinese listed companies obviously have the financing preference of shareholding. This paper uses the theory of property for reference, and redefines the concept of cost of capital in a higher level, and considers it as the property of investors. Through a mathematics model, the author analyzes that how restriction of cost of capital＇s property right makes influence on the financing preference of firms, and considers that it is the restriction of cost or the imperfect cost of capital＇s property right that influences the financing cost of shareholding and creditor＇s rights, hence, determining the financing preference of listed companies. In other words, it is the restriction of cost of capital＇s property right that causes the financing preference of creditor＇s rights in western firms, and the imperfect cost of capital＇s property right is the reason for the financing preference of shareholding of Chinese listed companies.