全球价值链理论与发展中国家产业升级研究进展

目前有关全球价值链理论的研究,主要集中于全球价值链概念、类型、治理和全球价值链的产业集群升级模式等方面。而在此基础上的发展中国家产业升级的研究,主要集中于全球价值链治理模式对发展中国家产业升级的影响、在全球价值链之下发展中国家升级产业的动力机制、以及产业集群升级的途径等方面。在经济全球化背景下,研究全球价值链理论和发展中国家产业升级问题,对研究我国产业提升问题有重要的参考价值。     

Environmental Strategies,Upgrading and Competitive Advantage in Global Value Chains

The literature is increasingly focusing on how firms are improving their environmental performances and promoting green strategies to transform environmental constraints into new drivers of competitive advantage. This paper contributes to the literature by expanding knowledge about environmental management at the value chain level by exploring the concept of environmental upgrading and its implications in terms of economic upgrading and greening of industries. Leveraging on the global value chain and environmental managerial literature, the paper develops an integrated theoretical framework to analyse environmental upgrading trajectories and their implications in terms of firms' green strategies based on case studies in the Italian home‐furnishing industry. Empirical evidence suggests that firms develop green strategies to reduce environmental impacts while achieving economic benefits and competitiveness, which may be internal to the firm but also apply to value chains, with different implications in terms of bargaining power and value appropriation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

产业集群与我国制造业全球价值链提升

随着经济全球化的深入发展和国际产业分工的不断深化,在全球产业价值链体系中,以集群为特征的经济增长方式在促进国别或区域经济发展中逐渐显示出其重要性。本文在此结合我国在大规模承接国际制造业产业转移的基础上,分析产业集群与我国在全球制造业产业价值链体系中的位置提升。     

基于全球价值链的物流产业转型升级研究

运用全球价值链理论分析得到我国物流产业进行转型升级的模式,并从物流企业自身、物流产业集群、政府等几个角度提出物流产业转型升级的路径。     

全球价值链下江苏计算机产业升级路径研究

本论文研究的主要目标是在承接国际产业转移以及生产国际化的条件下,应如何发挥加工贸易在新型工业化下的战略作用,促进加工贸易进一步扩大规模、加长产业链、提高本地采购率、加快技术进步与产业升级,从而充分发挥跨国公司的技术外溢效应,带动当地相关产业的技术进步与产业升级,提升江苏计算机产业竞争力。然后,对全球价值链理论需进一步研究的问题及其对江苏OEM企业与产业集群嵌入全球价值链实现产业升级方面的启示进行了探讨。     

全球价值链治理及中国物流企业的模式选择

阐述了全球价值链理论和我国物流企业发展概况，通过论证我国物流企业进入全球价值链的可能性和必要性，提炼出了我国企业利用全球价值链进行自我提升的5种模式，并比较分析了5种模式的运作机理及其相互关系。     

价值链分工、颠覆性创新与发展中国家的战略抉择

文章从供求关系、商品特性和技术三个层面分析了影响价值链不同环节利润分配的因素,揭示出利润从技术成熟的价值链环节流向不成熟环节的一般规律,比较了维持性创新和颠覆性创新对价值链不同环节之间利润转移的影响,对信息化时代发展中国家的创新战略选择进行了探讨。     

我国通信制造业发展现状及升级路径研究

本文基于价值链的视角分析了我国通信制造产业的发展现状,并对当前中国通信制造业生产、研发和营销环节的不足等问题进行了探析。针对这些问题,本文研究了我国通信制造产业升级路径的选择问题,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

Impact of Environmental Performance on Firm Value for Sustainable Investment: Evidence from Large US Firms

This research examines the impact of environmental performance on firm value, applying the event study methodology to Newsweek’s ‘Green Rankings’ announcement of 2012 for large US firms. Specifically, it analyzes the impact of the absolute green score and green rank of firms on their performance in the stock market. We found that investors perceive the announcement as positive news, leading to significant positive standardized cumulative abnormal returns (SCARs). After controlling for industry‐ and firm‐specific effects, we observed that firms with repeated green rankings for enhancing environmental performance showed significantly higher SCARs than those with either reduced or unchanged environmental performance. In addition, the environmental impact score measuring environmental damage from a firm's operational activities was found to be the most influential factor in improving the firm's value. Our findings are beneficial to managers in allocating resources to different types of environmental initiative, and provide valuable insight for sustainable environmental investment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Environmental Policies for Sustainable Development: An Analysis of the Drivers of Proactive Environmental Strategies in the Service Sector

This article examines the drivers of environmental proactivity in the service sector. Hypotheses were tested using multiple hierarchical regression analysis with data from a sample of 41 managers in Spanish environmental consulting companies. Results show statistically significant relationships between (1) managers’ attitude towards sustainable development, (2) positive short‐term firm performance and (3) the strategic attitude of environmental consulting firms and the adoption of proactive environmental strategies by the studied companies. This article is pioneering in the analysis of drivers of corporate proactive environmental strategies in the consultancy sector. The findings have practical implications for policy‐makers, investors and other agents interested in a better management of the environment. Economic incentives such as subsidies to environmental training programmes for managers can induce changes in cognitive components of managers’ attitudes. Education policies could also affect managers’ attitudes towards the environment. Companies may also encourage attitude change by providing their managers with financial assistance to receive environmental training. External assistance to develop a strategic attitude could be an interesting policy to encourage voluntary environmental initiatives. Finally, fiscal deductions, tax breaks or subsidies to those companies interested in managing the environment can be effective incentives for those firms facing a weak short‐term financial situation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

全球价值链中产业集群的技术学习

介绍了全球价值链理论的主要内容,分析了产业集群在全球价值中技术学习重要意义,重点论述了技术学习的知识来源、学习过程和学习机制问题,指出有效创新源不足是全球价值链中产业集群的技术学习面临的难题,也是今后应该着力解决的课题。     

基于环境价值链的企业环境绩效审计指标体系研究

环境绩效审计作为一种监督和评价企业环境绩效状况的手段,其重点是如何构建一整套环境绩效评价指标体系。企业价值是通过从产品设计、制造、包装、运输、使用到报废处理等产品生命周期过程的一系列创造价值的经营活动实现的,这一过程的经营活动组成企业的环境价值链。对企业环境价值链的分析,有利于设计环境绩效评价指标,因而,以环境价值链为环境绩效审计的评价载体分析环境价值链每个环节的特点,构建环境绩效审计评价指标,能有效提高环境绩效审计的效率与效果。     

Environmental Orientation and Economic Performance: a Quasi‐experimental Study of Small Swedish Firms

This paper investigates the relationship between the environmental orientation and economic performance of small firms. We conduct a quantitative analysis on a sample of 299 environmentally oriented and all other small (2–49 employees) Swedish firms. We estimate the effect of environmental orientation on profit margin to examine how environmentally oriented firms perform in relation to non‐environmentally oriented firms. To do this, we employ a quasi‐experimental design in which we create a control group of non‐environmentally oriented firms that are very similar to their environmentally oriented counterparts. We use two measures of environmental orientation: (i) a third‐party classification, and (ii) a self‐assessment of environmental differentiation. The findings show a negative effect of environmental orientation on economic performance. Our contribution to the literature is in using a novel and more rigorous way to measure the relationship between environmental orientation and economic performance and providing implicit support for the existence of a causal link from economic performance to environmental orientation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

基于全球价值链和供应链视角的产业集群升级困境及对策探讨

升级是产业集群继续发展的重要战略举措,但我国产业集群在升级过程中却受到各种内外部因素的制约,其中主要包括全球价值链中发达厂商的阻碍,集群内部的不良竞争和无效合作,以及盲目的升级目标定位。产业集群应通过嵌入于合适的全球价值链中,在集群内进行供应链式整合,以及合理确定升级目标,集聚集群内外所有的资源并进行优化配置,来突破升级困境,实现升级目标。     

我国零售企业价值链分析与管理

本文在介绍价值链基本思想的基础上引入了价值链分析法。进而把价值链分析与管理应用于我国零售企业之中,分析了我国零售企业在价值链环节存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

全球汽车产业价值链的分析与启示--以通用、福特、大众、丰田为例

汽车产业作为一种典型的全球化产业,其突出表现之一是价值链的全球化。价值链全球化的形成与完善给企业自身带来了巨大的竞争力。本文以世界排名前四位汽车制造商通用集团、福特集团、大众集团、丰田集团为例,剖析其全球价值链形成的过程以及对各大集团的影响,并总结出成功经验,旨在对我国的汽车产业发展有一定的借鉴意义。     

Uncovering the Value of Green Advertising for Environmental Management Practices

This paper extends previous environmental management research by building and empirically testing a model of the contingency effects of green advertising on the relationships between environmental management practices in terms of environmentally conscious manufacturing and product stewardship, environmental reputation and financial performance. We examine the value of green advertising in sharing and publicizing information about organizational achievements in environmental preservation in a business‐to business context with the Taiwanese electronics manufacturing industry. The theoretical propositions are largely confirmed by structural path analyses of survey responses collected from 122 Taiwanese electronics manufacturers. Green advertising delivers financial benefits only for those manufacturers that do not have an established environmental reputation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

全球价值链体系下中国制造业转型升级分析

研究目标：归纳全球价值链体系下制造业转型升级方向和规律。研究方法：基于WIOD数据和KPWW方法,通过多元面板回归分析寻找GVCs嵌入位置与分工地位之间的关系,将14个制造业产业按GVCs主导环节归类。以40个经济体嵌入位置的时序变化,讨论升级方向对各国产业升级幅度的影响,分析有利于制造业升级的相关因素。研究发现：14个制造业产业可以分为上游环节主导、下游环节主导和混合主导三类;以三类产业的主导环节作为产业升级方向能够提升产业升级幅度;高级生产要素对制造业升级的促进作用强于传统生产要素。研究创新：根据14个产业的主导环节,提出了不同于“二元驱动”的GVCs混合主导型产业。研究价值：明确了三类制造业产业转型升级的方向和影响因素。     

Sustainability in the Transport and Logistics Sector: Lacking Environmental Measures

Sustainability as part of the development of companies' business strategies is gaining in importance. Due to its impact on the environment, this is particularly essential for companies of the transport and logistics sector. This paper explores several factors that influence the environmental behaviour of transport and logistics companies in Austria. It discusses the importance of the economic impact on environmental management decision in detail and analyses the sector's specific characteristics in terms of environmental behavior. A case‐based approach involving multiple field studies with face‐to‐face expert interviews and secondary data analysis was used to evaluate environmental performance and specific practices. Using selected cases, we will demonstrate how environmental measures contribute to overall business performance and draw general conclusions regarding the transport and logistics sector. Furthermore, suggestions are given as to how the government can further support transport and logistics companies in this regard. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Corporate Environmental and Economic Performance of Japanese Manufacturing Firms: Empirical Study for Sustainable Development

This study examines the relationship between environmental performance and economic performance in Japanese manufacturing firms. The environmental performance indicators include CO₂ emissions and the aggregate toxic risk associated with chemical emissions relative to sales. Return on assets (ROA) is used as an indicator of economic performance. We demonstrate that there is a significant inverted U‐shaped relationship between ROA and environmental performance calculated by aggregated toxic risk. We also find that the environmental performance increases ROA through both returns on sales and improved capital turnover. However, we observe a significant positive relationship between financial performance and environmental performance based on CO₂ emissions. These findings may provide evidence for the consequences of firms' environmental behavior and sustainable development. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.