内资企业实现技术赶超了吗?——来自中国制造业行业数据的经验研究北大核心CSSCI

本文测度了2001～2007年中国制造业各行业中内资企业和外资企业的技术水平值,克服了以往使用全要素生产率指标仅能反映技术水平变动值的不足,进而回答了内资企业是否实现技术赶超这一命题,并对影响内外资企业技术差距的驱动因素进行了讨论。结果发现内外资企业的整体技术差距在不断缩小,但内资企业仅在劳动密集和一般技术性行业中实现了技术赶超,在资本密集和高技术行业的赶超难度较大。出口、外商直接投资、规模效应对缩小不同行业内外资企业技术差距的作用存在显著差异。     

内资企业实现技术赶超了吗?——来自中国制造业行业数据的经验研究

本文测度了2001～2007年中国制造业各行业中内资企业和外资企业的技术水平值,克服了以往使用全要素生产率指标仅能反映技术水平变动值的不足,进而回答了内资企业是否实现技术赶超这一命题,并对影响内外资企业技术差距的驱动因素进行了讨论。结果发现内外资企业的整体技术差距在不断缩小,但内资企业仅在劳动密集和一般技术性行业中实现了技术赶超,在资本密集和高技术行业的赶超难度较大。出口、外商直接投资、规模效应对缩小不同行业内外资企业技术差距的作用存在显著差异。     

技术差距的门槛与FDI技术溢出的非线性——理论模型及中国企业的实证研究

本文通过引入内外资技术差距的"双刃性"改进质量阶梯型内生增长模型,从理论上证明了存在内外资技术差距的门槛值,使得外商直接投资技术溢出受技术差距的影响而呈现非线性动态演进规律;进一步结合我国14474家微观企业面板数据,证明了存在两个技术差距的门槛值,使得外商直接投资企业对于落在不同技术差距范围内的内资企业具有不同的技术溢出效应。     

FDI对我国高新技术企业创新能力的影响——基于工业行业数据的实证研究

本文利用我国高技术产业中20个行业2000～2007年的面板数据,考察了不同行业间外商直接投资(FDI)对我国内资企业技术创新能力的影响。实证研究表明:FDI总体上对我国内资企业技术创新能力的提高有促进作用,但没有科技活动中人员投入和企业资金投入的影响大,因此我国对于吸引外商直接投资的力度应该合理控制。     

FDI对我国内资企业研究开发（R＆D）的影响

文章运用中国1999—2006年的23个工业行业的面板数据,实证分析外商直接投资对我国内资企业研发的影响。得出主要结论是：外商直接投资FDI对我国内资企业的研发产出有着负面影响,而对研发科技经费投入有着促进作用;企业规模对我国内资企业的研发经费投入都具有促进作用;企业当期利润率对我国内资企业的研发产出和投入都没有显著的作用;产权结构对我国内资企业的研发有着显著的负面作用。     

内外资对宁波外贸增长绩效的实证研究

本文利用1985至2008年宁波全社会固定资产形成总额、外商直接投资、进出口贸易额、进口额以及出口额等相关数据,以固定资产形成总额（内资）和外商直接投资（外资）为自变量建立模型,分别考察了内外资对宁波外贸进出口额、出口额和进口额增长的贡献。     

FDI对辽宁省房地产业的溢出效应的实证分析

近年来,外商直接投资（FD I）对东道国的技术溢出效应受到国内外学者越来越多的关注。辽宁省房地产业作为全省吸引外商直接投资最多的行业之一,其利用外商直接投资的意义不仅在于为房地产产业经济发展提供充足的资金,更重要的是通过FD I的技术溢出效应,促进内资房地产企业的技术水平和组织效率的提高。在Feder（1982）提出的外溢效应研究的基础上,依据近年来辽宁省房地产行业的数据,运用计量经济方法进行实证分析,并就实证结论提出了政策建议。     

外商直接投资与国内制造业企业研发能力的实证分析

随着外商直接投资的大量涌入，其对我国内资企业的影响是学术界关注的问题。本文通过Granger因果关系检验，分析外商直接投资对国内制造业企业的研发水平的影响。结果表明：外商直接投资是国内制造业企业研发投入变动的原因。     

效率增进、技术进步与全要素生产率增长——制造业内外资企业生产率比较

运用随机前沿生产函数和1999～2006年产业面板数据,本文研究了制造业内外资企业全要素生产率和技术效率的动态变化特征。实证结果表明,内外资企业全要素生产率均不断提高,由于内资企业增速更快,二者之间的差距开始缩小。进一步的分解表明,前沿技术进步已成为全要素生产率增长的核心动力,1999～2006年前沿技术进步对内外资企业生产率增长的贡献平均约为80%和90%。     

外商直接投资与企业技术进步关系的分析

近年来,外商直接投资(FDI)对我国的经济增长和社会发展起了非常重要的作用,但是外商直接投资引入的同时,我国的许多产业也出现了技术进步缓慢,缺乏核心技术能力等问题,这些已经严重影响了我国经济结构的进一步调整和优化。只有厘清外商直接投资与技术进步的内在关系,加强FDI的管理才能够实现企业的技术进步和经济结构升级。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。