一种基于行为评估的信任模型

网格是通过网络向用户提供可随时按需利用计算资源和信息资源的环境。由于这一环境的动态性和不确定性，给区域间网格实体的合作带来一系列安全问题，其中最难以确定的，是网格实体间的信任关系。当前的安全机制。已经可以解决信任关系中的身份信任，但实体间的行为信任，却是这些安全机制所不能处理的。文章把行为信任划分为直接信任和推荐信任，提出了一种基于行为评估的信任模型，采用数学形式化的方法，得到实体的信任度和声誉度。共同衡量网格环境中实体之间的信任关系，以更科学、有效地解决网格环境中的行为信任问题。     

供应链节点企业间信任机制构建

本文首先以Zucker静态的信任机制分类为基础,提出了信任机制的三种影响因素,即过程型影响因素,特征型影响因素和规范型影响因素,并认为这些因素在供应链节点企业间关系的不同发展阶段起到不同的作用。其次,本文根据供应链节点企业合作伙伴关系的发展,将信任机制分为信任评审机制、信任产生机制、信任保障机制。这一整套机制的建立,能使供应链合作伙伴之间产生初始信任关系并发展为持续信任关系,形成了一个动态的信任机制。最后,本文将供应链节点企业间信任机制建立过程与三种影响因素相结合,提出在供应链信任机制发展的不同阶段,各种因素起到不同的作用。     

P2P信任模型中资源利用平衡策略

P2P节点中存在的日益严重的搭便车行为对网络的健壮性、可用性、服务响应速度和生命周期等造成了很大影响。设计合理而有效的P2P信任模型来抑制搭便车行为已成为研究的重点。因此借鉴社会经济发展策略,提出基于资源利用均衡的信誉评价方法即对资源贡献大,以及贡献与消费平衡的节点赋予高信誉度。促使节点在贡献资源时要考虑其他节点的需求,消费资源时则要衡量自身提供资源的能力;同时为新节点提供基本信誉度来保障其尽早开展资源交易。仿真实验表明搭便车行为受到有效抑制,网络资源的利用率明显提高。     

基于web services构建电子政务信息资源目录服务模型

为更好地实现分布式环境下的异构政务信息资源间透明性交互与共享,提出了一种基于政务信息资源目录服务的信息资源整合方案。针对目前政务资源整合现状,基于Web服务思想以及政务资源目录组织结构构,建政务资源目录服务模型,并结合信息资源注册及发现过程,对模型各部分组成、功能和构建方法进行了详述,最后对模型特点加以概括。     

公共医疗卫生服务的跨域可及性网络：关联结构与影响因素——以哈长城市群为例

以哈长城市群为研究样本,借助修正引力模型构建医疗卫生资源空间关联矩阵,利用社会网络理论分析公共医疗卫生服务的跨域可及性网络整体特征、节点属性、凝聚子群,并基于QAP回归方法,探讨公共医疗卫生服务跨域可及性网络结构的影响因素。研究发现：哈长城市群公共医疗卫生服务资源跨域流动有限,区域医疗卫生合作处于松散状态,公共医疗卫生服务的跨域可及性网络呈现“四核—多翼”结构特征;少数核心节点城市链接、延展绝大多数网络关联,边缘节点城市对整体网络结构的稳定协调作用较弱,公共医疗卫生服务资源跨域流动呈现明显两极分化特征,核心城市溢出效应显著,边缘城市受益效应显著;城市派系分散,限制区域医疗卫生事业均衡发展水平;行政隶属关系、资源配置效率、基础设施水平与经济发展水平是公共医疗卫生服务跨域可及性网络结构形成的重要影响因素。最后从府际协同、信息化建设、医疗联合、长效型联防联控机制四个层面提出相应政策启示。     

供应链信任机制的作用原理和实现模型

信任是指由于对合作伙伴有信心而愿意依赖对方,供应链信任机制可以定义为供应链各成员基于对供应链整体组织和主要成员(核心成员和大多数成员)的信任而自愿采取有利于供应链利益的行为。当今社会企业经营所面临的环境变化速度越来越快,经济、技术、文化、消费者偏好迅速发生变化,使得企业仅仅依靠自身的资源和能力难以在市场竞争中获得竞争优势。供应链的合作关系弥补了各个企业在资源和能力方面的不足,增强了整体实力。期间,信任机制对供应链的成功有效运行起着举足轻重的作用。"一、信任机制对供应链效率的影响信用是一种奇特的无形资产,…     

一种适合P2P系统的群信任模型

针对现有的信任模型对网络节点的约束力不足,本文提出一种群信任模型。该模型参考社会学的人际关系的群结构,把若干具有相同属性的节点组成一个群体,对于群内的节点不仅具有单个信任度属性,而且还有群的信任度属性。和其他模型相比较,该模型能够提高对网络节点的约束力,降低恶意攻击的频率和激励节点做出善意行为。     

基于服务池的语义Web服务发现

传统的Web服务发现和订阅是费时费力的;而且缺乏语义描述,无法实现Web服务之间互操作的智能化,搜索的精确度不高.本文提出了一种基于服务池的语义Web服务的发现和订阅模型.首先进行功能性的匹配,将结果聚合威服务池,服务池再进行QoS匹配.该模型具有以下特点:①将服务池作为消费者发现和订阅的唯一视图,以"服务消费者中心"的方式简化了服务发现和调用的过程.②在原有基于服务聚合方法基础上,增强了Web服务的语义信息,提高了服务匹配的准确率.     

供应链企业间信任问题的博弈分析

在新的市场环境下,信任已成为一个具有很强的理论意义和现实意义的课题;而供应链企业间的信任则是整个供应链存在和发展的基础。本文在运用博弈论的方法对供应链企业间的信任问题进行详细分析的基础上,提出了供应链节点上企业间实现信任的三种机制:法律机制、信誉机制和感情机制及其各自的分析模型。     

面向电子商务Web服务的SOAP消息安全传输机制

本文针对电子商务系统Web服务安全性需求,提出了一种端到端的SOAP消息安全传输机制。首先介绍了SOAP协议结构和XML安全规范,在此基础上提出了SOAP安全模型以及相应的SOAP消息安全传输保障机制,最后分析了传输机制的安全性。实例分析结果表明,提出的SOAP安全传输机制能够确保电子商务系统Web服务的信息传输安全需求。     

A genetic algorithm based approach to transactional and QoS-aware service selection

As there are various risks of failure when Web services are deployed in unreliable environment, the execution of a composite Web service (CWS) requires the transaction mechanism to guarantee its reliable execution. However, the existing service selection approaches consider QoS and transaction separately and have not considered that transactional properties may affect the QoS such as the execution time of a CWS. This work addresses the importance of considering transactional properties and how the transactional properties affect the QoS simultaneously in the process of service selection by a QoS-aware and transactional-aware selection approach. First, a performance evaluation method is proposed to calculate the execution time of a transactional CWS. Then, a genetic algorithm based approach, which takes into account the execution time, price, transactional property and successful execution rate of CWS, is presented to achieve global optimisation service selection. Finally, experimental results show the efficiency and effectiveness of the approach.     

基于现代物流供应链的电网物资管理体系研究

我国电网发展迅速,但是过快的发展建设步伐导致电网物资供应延误以及物流成本增高,从而反作用影响电网建设质量。文中利用现代物流技术与供应链管理的思想,提出了基于现代物流供应链的电网物资管理体系,分析了体系各组成部分的主要职能和实施方法,从而推进南方电网公司提出的集约、规范、高效的物资管理战略目标,为运用集约化方法有效实现电力物资先进管理提供理论与技术支持。     

严监管背景下农信社合规风险管理体系建设

2018年,银行业监管环境进一步趋严,不但强调对银行的监管,更提出了对监管人员职责的监管,这种严格的外部监管环境对农信社的合规风险管理带来了极大的挑战。农信社合规风险管理体系的建设和完善已势不容缓。论文提出了农信社合规风险管理体系建设要从战略定位、文化渗透、防线搭建、专业专职化、考核和追究六个维度入手,推进合规风险管理长效机制的建设。     

Web service discovery among large service pools utilising semantic similarity and clustering

With the rapid development of electronic business, Web services have attracted much attention in recent years. Enterprises can combine individual Web services to provide new value-added services. An emerging challenge is the timely discovery of close matches to service requests among large service pools. In this study, we first define a new semantic similarity measure combining functional similarity and process similarity. We then present a service discovery mechanism that utilises the new semantic similarity measure for service matching. All the published Web services are pre-grouped into functional clusters prior to the matching process. For a user’s service request, the discovery mechanism first identifies matching services clusters and then identifies the best matching Web services within these matching clusters. Experimental results show that the proposed semantic discovery mechanism performs better than a conventional lexical similarity-based mechanism.     

我国信用评级业服务模式研究

个性化服务是评级机构生存的必需,而遵循统一的服务模式规范更是行业良性竞争的基本保障。本文从研究国外评级机构的服务模式特点和分析我国评级服务的市场环境及我国信用评级服务现状入手,对我国评级行业的服务模式建设提出了几点建议。     

A method towards Web service combination for cross-organisational business process using QoS and cluster

How to quickly combine various Web services to support cross-organisational business processes is the key technical problem in service computing. Because of the changeability of QoS of Web services, the traditional methods are unadaptable to the new environments. In this paper, a new service composition method, called Improved Self-organising neural network Method for Web Service Composition, is proposed to achieve QoS-aware Web service combination, according to using the clustering technology. First, fuzzy mathematics is used to express each QoS attribute and the improved self-organising neural network is used to cluster services to reduce the number of candidate services. Secondly, all the centre of each cluster is selected and formed a composite service by using an exhaustive algorithm. Thirdly, the service cluster that is represented by the concrete services. Finally, the optimal service combination can be selected using integer programming or genetic algorithm. The experimental result shows the efficiency of Web service composition and demonstrates the applicability.     

Research on manufacturing grid resource service optimal-selection and composition framework

In order to address the resource service optimal-selection (RSOS) and composition problem in manufacturing grid (MGrid) system and provide high-quality service to users, an MGrid RSOS and composition framework (MGrid-RSOSCF) is investigated in this study. The process of RSOS and composition is divided into the following five steps in MGrid-RSOSCF: (1) decomposing the submitted manufacturing task into several subtasks (i.e. single resource service requested task) if the submitted task is a multiple resource service requested task; (2) searching out the qualified resource service for each decomposed subtask and generating the corresponding candidate resource service set; (3) retrieving, evaluating and comparing the quality of service (QoS) for each candidate resource service, and provide data for service optimal-selection and composition –if the submitted task is a single resource service requested task; (4) evaluating synthetically the overall quality of each candidate resource service and ranking them, and selecting the optimal one for the task – if the submitted manufacturing task is an multiple resource service requested task; (5) selecting one candidate resource service from each candidate resource service set and constructing a new composite resource service according to the submitted task requirements, and collecting all the possible resource service composite execution paths (RSCEP) and selecting the optimal paths to execute the task. The proposed MGrid-RSOSCF consists of five layers and each layer provides the corresponding necessary services and algorithms to address one problem mentioned above. The five layers are: (1) T-layer, responsible for MGrid task decomposition; (2) S-layer, responsible for resource service match and search; (3) Q-layer, responsible for QoS processing; (4) O-layer, responsible for evaluating and ranking the candidate resource service and (5) C-layer is responsible for resource service composition and optimal-selection. The case study and comparison of performances of the algorithms demonstrate that the proposed methods are sound on success rate and executing efficiency.     

合成型资产证券化:创新视角的一个经济分析

合成型资产证券化作为传统资产证券化与信用衍生品特性相结合的金融创新,现已成为发达国家商业银行转移信贷风险的一种常见结构金融技术。与传统型资产证券化相比,合成型资产证券化在融资结构设计、发起人职责、对支撑资产依赖度、现金转移结构条款以及交易后续处理安排等方面存在较大差异。合成型资产证券化的出现及发展既与国际银行监管制度及其变迁密切相关,同时也是金融市场深化以及银行内部风险管理技术成熟到一定阶段的必然产物。从趋势看,尽管资产证券化的监管套利动机渐趋弱化,但合成型资产证券化特有的结构设计以及广泛的适用范围使其在提升银行运行效率上有着非常独特的优势,因此其必将成为未来银行业业务创新的重要工具。     

The Grameen Bank and Poverty alleviation in Bangladesh

A bstract . The Grameen (grameen means rural) Bank of Bangladesh has innovated a mechanism under which credit can be provided to the poorest of the poor on a group liability basis instead of any collateral. Based on this principle, over the last decade, the bank has been successfully operating with an unprecedented loan recovery rate. Although from the point of view of profits, the Grameen Bank is not yet a viable institution, empirical evidence suggests that the bank's credit program has significantly improved the socioeconomic conditions of its borrowers. The Grameen Bank's success story in the alleviation of poverty in Bangladesh has resulted in widespread attempts of its replication in many other countries including the United States and Canada. The spread of the Grameen Bank idea around the world has drawn keen attention from researchers, policy makers and agencies interested in rural development.     

Sequential optimization three-way decision model with information gain for credit default risk evaluation

To categorize credit applications into defaulters or non-defaulters, most credit evaluation models have employed binary classification methods based on default probabilities. However, while some loan applications can be directly accepted or rejected, there are others on which immediate accurate credit status decisions cannot be made using existing information. To resolve these issues, this study developed an optimized sequential three-way decision model. First, an information gain objective function was built for the three-way decision, after which a genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to determine the optimal decision thresholds. Then, appropriate accept or reject decisions for some applicants were made using basic credit information, with the remaining applicants, whose credit status was difficult to determine, being divided into a boundary region (BND). Supplementary information was then added to reevaluate the credit applicants in the BND, and a sequential optimization process was employed to ensure more accurate predictions. Therefore, the model’s predictive abilities were improved and the information acquisition costs controlled. The empirical results demonstrated that the proposed model was able to outperform other benchmarking credit models based on performance indicators.