关于深层生态旅游开发的思考

本文提出了深层生态旅游开发的概念,即在生态旅游开发中,一方面强调开发活动对景区生态文化的挖掘、展示以及旅游活动对生态文化与体验的获取,另一方面强调生态环境的保护以及社区发展。深层生态旅游是建立在双向责任互动基础上的生态文化和体验旅游,与大众化生态旅游相比,它应是学习社会和体验旅游的必然要求,代表着我国自然保护区、森林公园生态旅游开发的新方向。     

基于VRIO框架分析生态旅游产品的开发

本文以羌寨生态旅游纪念品开发为例,利用VRIO框架理论,从生态旅游纪念品的价值问题、稀有性问题、可模仿性问题等方面对羌寨生态旅游纪念品开发进行综合分析,提出了挖掘羌族原生态的文化内涵,创新开发羌族生态文化旅游纪念精品的措施,并对开发中所出现的问题进行了剖析.     

深层生态旅游开发模式探讨——以重庆金佛山风景区为例

对深层生态旅游概念及其开发模式进行了详细阐释。在文献收集和野外调查基础上,针对重庆金佛山风景区的旅游资源特征,将深层生态旅游开发理念和开发模式应用于其中,提出了具体的开发策略。通过对金佛山案例的研究,对深层生态旅游开发理念和开发模式的具体应用提供了有益的参考和指导。     

文化生态脆弱区的生态旅游开发探析--图瓦人村寨旅游开发的启示

对于文化生态脆弱区而言，旅游开发是一把双刃剑，既能给地方带来丰厚的收入和外界的文明，同时也会带来一些环境伦理和文化侵犯问题，甚至会影响地方文化的传承和发展。本文以喀纳斯国家级自然保护区图瓦人村寨为例，分析其在生态旅游开发中存在的问题，并提出文化生态脆弱区生态旅游的开发模式，为我国文化生态脆弱区生态旅游的开发提供参考。     

基于文化生态的客家文化旅游开发研究

客家文化旅游在＂客家热＂和文化旅游背景下蓬勃发展。应用文化生态理论,从文化生态角度探讨客家文化旅游开发。客家文化具有显著的文化生态特性,并在客家文化旅游中凸显。在客家文化旅游开发的文化生态问题分析基础上,提出文化生态视野下客家文化旅游开发理念：强化客家文化旅游资源的整体概念和环境意识;树立＂大景区＂意识构建客家文化旅游＂大景区＂;树立文化生态旅游开发理念发展客家文化生态旅游。     

海南省黎族文化生态旅游可持续发展策略

海南黎族孕育了独特的文化内核,热带滨海环境成就了黎族绚烂多彩的民族民俗文化,生态开发黎族旅游项目,系统构建黎族文化生态传承,影响着国际旅游岛建设和发展的持续性和生命力,通过对海南黎族文化生态旅游开发现状及发展趋势的调研分析,合理设计策略,保证有效延长海南黎族文化生态旅游的生态构成,提升海南文化旅游品质,促进黎族文化生态的系统研发和承袭。     

鄱阳湖生态经济区生态旅游产品设计与开发

生态旅游业是鄱阳湖生态经济区可持续发展的重要支柱产业之一,它的发展对于生态经济区的建设具有深远的影响。文章在分析鄱阳湖生态经济区生态旅游资源开发优势的基础上,从享乐层次、观光层次、体验层次和认知层次上设计了生态旅游产品体系,并通过生态旅游精品线路的设计研究了生态旅游产品网络体系。此外,还从开发原则、资金来源、社区参与、生态教育、环境保护、经营管理、基础设施、反馈途径等方面对生态旅游产品的开发策略进行了探讨。     

恢复生态理论在生态旅游中的应用

本文将恢复生态理论与方法引入生态旅游中．探讨受损生态旅游系统恢复的理论基础、主要原则以及恢复时间，并在阐述恢复生态理论在生态旅游开发与规划中的作用的同时，建立了恢复生态理论在生态旅游中应用的多目标非线性规划模型。     

农村茶乡茶叶文化生态旅游开发研究

本文认为,从茶叶角度对农村经济进行特色研究具有穿透性的类型学意义,开发农村茶乡茶叶文化生态旅游有利于实现农村发展和茶业、茶文化的双赢,并以信阳农村毛尖茶为例,论证了开展农村茶乡茶叶文化生态旅游的可行性,同时提出农村茶乡茶叶文化生态旅游开发中既要重视茶业和茶文化开发,又要特别注意茶乡茶叶的生态环境保护。     

民族文化生态旅游资源开发刍议--兼议"攀西大裂谷"格萨拉旅游区旅游开发

旅游业的发展促进了民族地区经济、社会及文化方面的发展,与此同时,也不可避免地带来一定的负面影响。通过研究,本文提出了民族文化生态主要表现在认知与感知两大层面,并探讨了实现民族文化生态保护、传承及旅游可持续发展的必由之路—民族文化生态旅游开发。最后将理论加以应用,以格萨拉旅游区为例,提出了发展当地民族文化生态旅游的策略,并希望对其他民族地区旅游业的开发起到一定的借鉴作用。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...