由“深沪”模式看中国未来国有资产管理体制的改革思路

1992年和1993年深圳市和上海市最先成立了以市委、市政府主要领导和有关部门主要负责人组成的国有资产管理委员会,首次建立了以国资委、经营公司、企业三者之间相互作用与监管的国有资产管理模式,到1999年底,全国已有十几个省市相继按此模式建立起了国有资产管理体制,被称为“深沪”模式。“深沪”模式基本上形成了国有资产管理委员会、国有资产经营公司和国有资产控股(参股)企业“三个层次”的国有资产管理体制。“深沪”模式在中国国有资产的管理方面虽然有了重大的进步,但就长远来看要让“深沪”模式发挥其应有的作用,并深入改革,中国国有资产管理领域仍存在有明显不足,作者对此进行了分析,并提出了一些中国未来国有资产管理的改革思路。     

从国有资产监督管理委员会的设立看工会资产管理改革的方向

建立高效、安全的资产管理、运行体系,是发展社会主义市场经济的一项基础性建设,经过数年探索,直到今年十届人大一次会议才把这项改革推进到了可实施的阶段。这次会议决定设立的国有资产监督管理委员会(以下简称“国资委”),对推动和深化国有资产管理体制的改革,提高国有资产的使用效益,具有十分重     

论金融国资委成立的经济学效用和机构模式设计

国家成立国资委解决了国有资产所有者缺位问题，而金融性国有资产的所有者一直“悬而未决”。目前，国有金融资产管理领域存在一系列的问题，银监会、汇金公司的成立，并不能解决当前国有金融资产管理所面临的全部问题。从深层次追究，缺乏一个国有金融资产所有者的“实体”是这些问题的根本“症结”所在，决策当局应该克服“决策忧郁”，成立“金融国资委”，专门管理国有金融资产。这是解决问题的有效途径之一。     

新平台推动央企重组浪潮

2010年12月22日,国资委在北京召开中国国新控胺有限责任公司成立大会。至此,“国资委-国有资产管理运营公司-央企”三级国资体系框架逐渐清晰,与之前较早设立的国家开发投资公司、中国诚通公司相比,国新公司更能体现国资委国有资产出资人的身份,并将成为未来国资整合重组舞台的绝对核心,一方面充当央企集团整体上市的推进器,     

河南唐河：三措施监管行政事业单位资产全过程

河南唐河县积极探索适合县级国有资产管理体制机制改革的新路子,在全市率先成立了县级国有资产管理机构——国有资产管理办公室,对全县行政事业性国有资产进行全程监管、统一管理、统一运营,收到了较好的效果。     

新国有资产管理体制下的会计监管——读《国有企业资产法》有感

<正>《国有企业资产法》明确界定了国资委作为出资人的履行职责。在新的国有资产管理体制下,会计监管是国有资产监督管理的重要手段,建立有效的会计监管体系、加强会计监管、实现国有资产的保值、增值,已成为国有企业制度中的一项重要内容。     

李荣融的三年之约

自2003年3月就任国资委主任以来,李荣融对担当的角色有着清醒的认识：“由国有资产管理体制改革来推动国有企业的改革,这是一个重大的转变。我们现在是以出资人的身份来推进改革,我们的身份不是政府,所以采取的方法手段都要变化”。而国资委的任务,“就是要把交给我们的国有资产搞好。一个是国有经济     

完善事业单位国有资产管理的对策探析

改革开放以来,我国国有资产的管理体制的改革取得了明显的进步,但事业单位国有资产的管理体制却未得到根本的转变。随着经济体制和体制改革的深入,加快事业单位国有资产管理体制的改革迫在眉睫。本文分析了事业单位国有资产管理体制存在的问题,并提出了对策。     

国资管理的未来主线 资本经营 国有资产经营公司

在李荣融主政之下,国资委对待国资管理体制变革的思路一天比一天清晰,国有独资董事会、央企重组……国资委的国有资产管理技巧日益娴熟。目前,国资委仍在积极探索国企在市场经济环境中发展的有效路径。     

浅谈国有资产保值增值

党的十六届三中全会通过的决定指出，建立健全国有资产管理监督体制，“国有资产管理机构对授权监管的国有资产依法履行出资人职责，维护所有者权益，维护企业作为市场主体依法享有的各项权利，督促企业实现国有资产保值增值，防止国有资产流失”。可以这么说，这是国家赋予新成立的国资委最主要的任务目标，同时，要促进国有资产的有效流动，实现资源的优化配置和国有经济布局与结构的战略性调整。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.