住房抵押贷款证券化与政府支持

住房抵押贷款证券化有利于推动住房产业化和资本市场的发展，其发展离不开立法支持和信用支持，我国在开展住房抵押贷款证券化过程中，要借鉴国际经验，完善证券化业务环境，强化政府支持，推动住房抵押贷款证券化的实质进展。     

住房抵押贷款证券化：问题与政策建议

住房抵押贷款证券化作为一项重要的金融创新，其实质是为发放住房抵押贷款的金融机构提供了一种新的融资方式。当前，我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化任重而道远，还不具备大规模开展住房抵押贷款证券化的条件，虽然住房抵押贷款证券化在我国具有其特殊的现实意义，但由于外 部条件还不完全具备，必须为住房抵押贷款证券化创造各种市场条件和制度条件。     

次贷危机下对我国住房抵押贷款证券化的重新审视

近几年来，住房抵押贷款证券化成为备受我国学界和业界瞩目的金融创新品种。任何事物都具有两面性，始于2006年的美国次贷危机所引起的世界性的金融危机，住房抵押贷款证券化无疑在其中扮演了推波助澜的作用。这给刚刚起步的我国的住房抵押贷款证券化敲响了警钟，住房抵押证券化是一把双刃剑，一方面可以促进经济的发展，另一方面则为经济的发展带来更大的风险。为此，我们也不得不重新审视住房抵押贷款证券化这一制度的根本，研究其在不同国家的实践经验，为我国的住房抵押贷款证券化的进一步发展提供具有可行性和科学性的建议，促进我国住房抵押贷款证券化的健康发展，把住房抵押贷款证券化作为新的经济增长点带动我国整体经济的有序发展。     

住房抵押贷款证券化风险的防范

住房抵押贷款证券化是近年来我国金融业发展的一个热点,随着我国商业银行住房抵押贷款的逐渐发展和完善,实行住房抵押贷款证券化已是必然趋势。因此,在实行住房抵押贷款证券化的同时要注意到其存在的风险,采取一定方法予以防范。     

我国住房抵押贷款证券化模式选择与运行

在我国国民经济动态发展过程中，房地产业的重要地位已日益得到显现，而推行住房抵押贷款的证券化，已成为经济理论界和政府管理部门的共识，但是，在我国住房低押贷款证券化的推行中，应怎样借鉴国际上住房抵押贷款证券化的经验？我国住房抵押贷款证券化的模式窨如何选择？应怎样设计我国住房抵押贷款证券化的担保模式？这些都是在推行住房抵押贷款证券化过程中，目前必须加以研究和解决的问题。     

浅谈我国住房抵押贷款证券化

在我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化具有必要性；具体推行住房抵押贷款证券化面临着需要特别注意的问题；采取积极措施，创造条件，促进住房抵押贷款证券化。     

住房抵押贷款证关化运作机理探析

从对住房抵押贷款证券化运作的基本结构，现金流的分析入手，探析住房抵押贷款证券化的运作机理，即，风险分散机理，资产组合机理，资金配置机理，信用分工机理和利益驱动机理，并在洞悉住房抵押贷款证券化运作机理的基础上，挖掘住房抵押贷款证券化运作的特有规律。     

我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化的税收政策设计

推行住房抵押贷款证券化是我国金融体制创新的重要目标方位。本通过对住房抵押贷款证券化运作过程中税收环节的分析，在充分借鉴国外关于住房抵押贷款证券化运作经验的基础上，结合国内金融体制创新的实际情况，对我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化的税收政策设计进行了分析与论述。     

住房抵押贷款证券化探讨

从银行的角度分析住房抵押贷款难以展开的原因，并在介绍国外普遍采用的住房抵押贷款证券化的基础上，分析证券化在化解银行住房抵押贷款业务困境上能起的作用，进而讨论住房抵押贷款证券化在我国的可行性以及可能的实现形式。     

对我国实现住房抵押贷款证券化的思考

在我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化，要从实际出发，采取适合我国国情的具体措施。实现住房抵押贷款证券化的关键环节是如何设置证券化金融机构。我国的证券化金融机构应该是一个独立的经济实体；从长远看，在证券化过程中，应实行将抵押贷款真实出售给证券经营机构的表外证券化模式；积极采取措施，减少逆向选择和道德风险的危害程度；要大力培育机构投资者，规范投资行为，扩大市场需求。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.