The Wage Elasticity of Labour Supply: A Synthesis of Empirical Estimates

Summary This paper performs a meta-analysis of empirical estimates of uncompensated labour supply elasticities. For the Netherlands, we find that an elasticity of 0.5 for women and 0.1 for men is a good reflection of what the literature reveals. The elasticity for men hardly differs between countries, but for women some cross-country variation is found. The increasing participation rate of women may lead to a somewhat lower elasticity in the future. Both the specification of the hours function and the estimation method are found to affect elasticity estimates.      

农产品供应链内部农户风险防范策略探讨

在我国目前的农产品供应链运作中出现了一系列需要协调的问题,其中农户所面临的风险是导致农产品供应链极度脆弱的一个重要原因。文章以农户为研究对象,指出农户在农产品供应链内部存在的购买农资物品的风险、产前决策风险、产品质量风险、产品成本风险、合约风险并对其形成原因进行分析,最后针对这些风险从政府、核心企业、中介组织等角度提出一系列的防范措施。     

供给推动——论经济增长方式转型中的财政政策

本文讨论未来新形势下财政政策的目标定位问题.我们认为,财政政策的目标应从现有的需求管理转向供给推动,与此同时,这种以供给推动为主要目标的财政政策可以比现在更为积极.这种以供给推动为主要目标的更为积极的财政政策将有助于促进经济增长方式转型,并为中国在相当长时期内保持高速的经济增长提供保障.当中国经济能维持持续的高速增长时,债务问题则无需过虑.     

劳资合股抑或让劳动值钱

中国总体小康的关键在于提升众多低端劳动者的收入水平和生活水平 ,要做到这点 ,笔者以为应先让劳动值钱 ,相应的对策和办法主要有 :一是通过系统的知识技能培训和人文的社区认同教化全面提升低端劳动者素质 ;二是建立强有力的多层次的工会系统 ;三是转变企业的经营思路和赢利     

Expanding the Division of Labour: Trade Costs and Supply Chains in the Global Economy

In the pre-1914 globalisation reduction in trade costs allowed finer specialisation. The quantitative evidence is strong for some components of trade costs, but less so for aggregate trade costs. In the second globalisation, international supply chains have become an important element of the global economy, and we have better data to examine the links between trade costs and supply chains. After a brief review of the standard account of the evolution of supply chains, the article examines the quantitative evidence; regional value chains (RVCs) are especially strong, but the origins and nature of RVCs differ in Europe, the Americas and Asia. The paper then presents evidence on trade costs, focusing on the years since 1990 when both data and computing facilities became more comprehensive, and analyses the relationship between trade costs and supply chains.