用贪婪抵御贪婪——碳交易之诞生

1997年12月,在<京都议定书>中,人类首次以法规形式限制温室气体排放,并于2005年2月16日正式生效.到2010年,发达国家二氧化碳等6种温室气体排放量与1990年相比,欧盟要减排8%、美国7%、日本6%、加拿大6%、东欧各国5%-8%,欧盟春季首脑会议上,更是雄心勃勃地要把减排指标提高20%.但<京都议定书>并没有对发展中国家提出减排要求.     

Greed and grievance in civil war

We investigate the causes of civil war, using a new data setof wars during 1960–99. Rebellion may be explained byatypically severe grievances, such as high inequality, a lackof political rights, or ethnic and religious divisions in society.Alternatively, it might be explained by atypical opportunitiesfor building a rebel organization. While it is difficult tofind proxies for grievances and opportunities, we find thatpolitical and social variables that are most obviously relatedto grievances have little explanatory power. By contrast, economicvariables, which could proxy some grievances but are perhapsmore obviously related to the viability of rebellion, provideconsiderably more explanatory power.     

Microeconomic mechanisms behind export spillovers from FDI: evidence from Bulgaria

This paper studies how the presence of multinational enterprises affects the export performance of Bulgarian manufacturing firms—export spillovers from FDI. Using export data at the firm/product/destination level for the period 2004–2006, it finds positive forward spillover on export value and quantity, related to quality upgrading. Conversely, it finds negative (or insignificant) backward and horizontal spillover on export flows, related to quality downgrading. When aggregating data at the firm level and considering that a firm can operate in several sectors, the paper shows that the presence of foreign input suppliers allows domestic firms to export additional varieties of lower quality and upgrade the average quality of existing varieties, whereas the presence of foreign customers generates the opposite effect.     

Television-Induced Tourism: Evidence from Croatia

Atlantic Economic Journal - This paper analyzes the extent to which the filming of the popular television show Game of Thrones affected tourism in the Croatian city of Dubrovnik. Using monthly data...     

梦想：因专注而美丽

2008年,中国上市公司中经营最差的15家公司出现了史无前例的巨亏。航空业内,国航、东航、南航、海航和上航五大航空公司无一盈利,亏损总额高达305．79亿元。其中,东航亏损139．85亿元,国航亏损108．52亿元,南航亏损47．48亿元,海航亏损15．36亿元,上航亏损13．46亿。根据国际航空运输协会的数据,2008年全球航空业亏损约为540亿人民币,