Local economic strategy and local coalition-building

This paper considers the increasing prevalence of coalition-building in urban politics, associated characterisations of local public-private relations, and the developing function of local economic strategy in such processes. It concludes with a discussion of local economic strategy-making by Norwich City Council, which emphasises the distinctiveness of local policy and the limits of coalition politics.     

Integrating the economic and the social. Policy and institutional change in local economic strategy

Since the mid-1990s policy “integration” has become an increasingly salient theme within central government and local government policy-making. In this paper we report survey findings tracing the recent emergence of explicitly “integrated” local economic and social strategies, and the evolving position of ostensibly social themes in local economic strategies. These highlight some of the more important policy and institutional changes that have characterised local economic strategy in the post-Thatcher era. Subsequently, in the light of this initial data we outline a number of possible directions for further research.     

Stakeholding and the local economy

During the 1980s local economic policy became an issue of major political concern. The polarisation of the New Right market-led strategies advanced by the Thatcher governments and the New Left-inspired counter-response, typified by the last years of the GLC, reflected the tenor of national political and economic debates at the time. Arguably, in the 10 years since the abolition of the GLC, local economic development has been devoid (some might say spared) of any “big idea” arising from wider political debates. Recently, however, there have been signs that a new political direction may be emerging at the national level with significant implications for local economic policy. That direction is the notion of stakeholding.     

重庆一小时经济圈与城乡统筹:历史合力下的低熵经济战略

根据恩格斯著名的"历史合力论"思想,结合重庆一小时经济圈和城乡统筹发展的规划和实施,同时借鉴东西方早期高熵经济发展策略带来的社会问题,以戈特曼的"大都市连绵带"为理论起点,探索重庆一小时经济圈和城乡统筹发展必然走低熵经济战略路线,对于和谐社会的建设和中华民族的复兴具有不可估量的价值,足以使中国重现"中华帝国"风采。     

Greening the local economy

While there has been a growing awareness of environmental issues in recent years, there has been little attempt to integrate environmental policy with economic development issues. This paper argues that this is an issue which should be addressed by local authorities and suggests ways in which local authorities could begin to move towards sustainable local economic development.     

Information communication technologies and the potential for rural tourism SMME development: The case of the Wild Coast

This article explores how information communication technologies (ICTs) can help tourismbased small, medium and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) address their constraints to growth and development in rural South Africa. More specifically, it reports on research conducted in the Wild Coast region of the Eastern Cape province focussed on the constraints, and related information needs affecting the success of rural SMMEs operating in the tourism industry, and explores how ICTs might address these limitations. Within the context of the constraints faced by rural SMMEs, this article examines the information needs and current patterns of communication that impact on the development of the sector, the nature of tourism SMMEs in the case study area, and the potential use of ICTs to support tourism-based SMME development in rural areas.     

Social accounting in the local economy

High levels of unemployment have stimulated contemporary interest in social accounting. Decisions taken on the basis of private profitability, without regard for the wider economic and social consequences, may not be in the interests of the local community and the workforce. Traditionally such social consequences do not feature in accounting procedures for decision making or control purposes. But while local authorities are now showing more interest in social accounting, conceptual and practical problems must be addressed. This article highlights some of the major issues and calls for experimenting and publication of results to speed the development of useful techniques.     

Sustainable development and the local economy

This article sets out the divergence so far between the developing “environmental economics” and local authority “green strategies”. We propose a model of environmentally sustainable economic development. Our argument outlines “environmental efficiency” and more stringent “sustainability” objectives. It reviews current local authority activities and practices. All are within the “environmental efficiency” framework. It concludes by identifying opportunities created by recent government commitment to environmental improvement targets and argues that local authorities are well placed to take up the challenge of developing sustainable development in local economies. It suggests that this process will involve intervention in the market in a way not dissimilar to that adopted in the 1980s by local authorities concerned with developing socially progressive economic strategies and that this process might be termed “social environmentalism”.     

Black economic thought and the southern economy

From early in the nineteenth century Southern whites often analyzed the ills of the South as originating in the region’s colonial relation to the North. A survey of black economic thought, academic, journalistic and political, suggests that this notion was never strongly endorsed by black intellectuals. The outstanding exceptions were works by black sociologists collaborating with white colleagues in the 1930s. For the most part, however, black writers subscribed to a view that emphasized the dependent nature, not of the South, but of the economy of the black community in its relations with the South.     

21世纪初的世界经济与我国经济国际化战略的深化

21世纪初的世界经济发展呈现出5个新的趋势与特点，从而对我国提出了深化经济国际化战略的迫切要求，作者提出必须与时俱进，以战略与策略的重点调整为中心深化经济国际化，而区域经济一体化是战略重点和首选路径。     

Information and communication technologies as an incentive for improving relationships in Business to Business markets

The managerial theory as well as the practice of the industries consider the relationships of collaboration between enterprises, the most important resources for business strategy, contributing in the creation of value and economic capital, sustainability of the competitive advantage and also in the definition of innovative ways of enterprise development.
The management of these capacities could improve from the sustaining information and communication technologies （ICT）. The impact that ICT may have in the relations between clients and suppliers, is not entirely elaborated. The use of ICT, based also in the intense connectivity through Internet remains limited when speaking of some activities that generate value. The effects of interconnecting Internet technologies are even now partially unexplored.
This paper will analyze how ICT affect the collaboration relationships between clients and suppliers and related processes of creating value, focusing on the value drivers in Business to Business （B2B） markets, value process in the supply chain and client-supplier relationships and B2B E-marketplaces in the processes of creating and delivering value in the supply chain. Examples of European companies as well as the stage of Albanian companies in relation with these concepts illustrate the ideas throughout the paper.     

Greening the environment: National and local economic issues

Friends of the Earth (UK), 1989: The Environmental Charter for Local Government. London: Friends of the Earth, no price stated.

Association of Metropolitan Authorities, 1989: Action for the Future - Priorities for the Environment. London: AMA, £10.00.

Local Government Training Board, 1990: The Environmental Role of Local Government. Luton: LGTB, no price stated.

SEEDS (South East Economic Development Strategy), 1990: Green Plan — Interim Report. Stevenage: SEEDS, no price stated.

The Local Authority Associations, 1990: Environmental Practice in Local Government. London: Association of District Councils, £20.00 (£15.00 to local authorities).

Opschoor, J.B. and Vos, H.B. 1989: Economic Instruments for Environmental Protection. Paris: OECD, no price stated.     

The local economic impact of construction projects in a small and relatively self-contained economy: The case of Lancaster University

Whilst the local multiplier impacts of the annual operation of universities has been the subject of intensive research, the economic impacts of capital construction projects have been almost completely ignored. This paper presents the results of detailed analysis of capital projects at Lancaster University in 1993-The reasons for the radically different annual operation and construction multipliers estimated in the Lancaster study are examined. Despite the smaller size of construction multipliers it is argued that it is a serious mistake to estimate local construction multipliers by making simplifying assumptions on the size of the key parameters in the multiplier equations.     

Telecommunications and the local economy: Some emerging policy issues

This paper provides a brief overview of the issues which surround local economic development and telecommunications. The implications of telecommunications for urban and regional development in the present “information-based” era are outlined and the seven basic features of this development are described. Some necessary steps and conceptual approaches to developing specifically local development policies in this new area are then expounded by way of the development of a “framework for the local policy maker”. Finally, several leading attempts at developing locally controlled telecommunications infrastructures in the UK, as agents of economic and social development, are briefly analysed.     

试析海洋经济与区域经济发展

海洋经济是区域经济的一种表现形式,可以将区域经济学的范畴、原理、方法应用于研究海洋经济。发展我国海洋区域经济要素主要有自然资源等,必须运用科技兴海等措施发展我国海洋区域经济。     

Information & communication technology and true real GDP: economic analysis and findings for selected countries

The expansion of information & communication technology (ICT) is continuing in OECD countries and the world economy – partly due to the ongoing fall of relative ICT prices. The continuing absolute fall of ICT prices and ICT capital prices, respectively, is not adequately considered in the standard analysis of ICT. In the study presented here the ICT investment-GDP ratio is calculated in real terms and it is shown that this ratio is higher (order of magnitude is about 2 percentage points) than the nominal investment-GDP ratio which is misleading the ICT sector, policy makers and society at large. Moreover, we take an innovative look at the digital time budget of private households in selected OECD countries. Assuming that 10 % represents the relevant share of the time budget the digital value-added of private households stands for an unrecorded digital value-added of 2–5 % of gross domestic product; with a share of 20 % of the household’s internet time budget devoted to value-added the hidden internet value-added in the US would be in the range of 4.7–10.4 %. Hence the overall understimation of the ICT sector’s contribution to GDP is considerable and therefore changes in official statistical analysis and the System of National Accounts are required.