Presidential Address: Innovation in retrospect and prospect

Abstract This paper asks whether innovation has slowed in recent decades. While there has been dramatic progress in information and communications technology, the recent record of innovation in the crucially important agriculture, energy, transportation, and health care sectors is cause for concern. The paper also considers whether the pace of innovation is sufficient to improve or even maintain living standards in the face of still rapidly growing population, global warming, and other challenges. I review the major market failures that lead to under‐provision of innovation and question whether current innovation policy, particularly patent policy, is effective in promoting innovation.     

从被动到主动 ——关系型信任及其对企业合作的影响

社会的变迁使我国社会结构和利益关系发生了巨大的变化,社会主体之间的关系型信任也有很大的改变。本文通过深入的实证研究,揭示了关系型信任的结构、来源以及对企业合作的影响。研究结果表明,关系型信任中的主动型信任是在被动型信任的基础上发展而来的,企业合作关系的建立主要依赖于主动型信任而非被动型信任。良好的声誉有利于建立被动型信任,有助于企业选择合作伙伴,企业间沟通和互惠对主动型信任有显著的积极影响,最终促进企业间的持续合作。本文的研究不仅丰富了关系型信任理论,也为企业在管理实践中建立和改进与合作伙伴之间的信任关系提供了有益的借鉴。     

Baland,J.-M., Bourguignon,F., Platteau,J.-P. and T. Verdier,The Handbook of Economic Development and Institutions

Journal of Economics -