Financial System Development and Economic Growth in Transition Economies: New Empirical Evidence from the CEE and CIS Countries

We examine the role of financial development in economic growth in the former Communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States during the first two decades since the beginning of transition. These countries, which had undeveloped financial systems under Communism, provide an interesting test of the relationship between financial development and growth. Our study is the broadest in terms of coverage and time period. We find that measures of financial market efficiency and competitiveness are more important than the size of the market in terms of promoting economic growth.     

非正式金融系统及其变迁:中国经济增长的路径依赖

非正式金融和正式金融的并行双轨制是中国在转型初期的一种次优模式，为中国的经济增长提供良好的过渡。从中国经济增长的贡献成分可以看出非正式金融是其经济增长的一种路径依赖。并且这种非正式金融是在一定条件下是有效的；有效性来自于由“习惯法”所确定的中国社会固有的稳定性，私人部门所承受的来自外部的约束和激励以及中央和地方政府间的特殊的权力分配。但是非正式金融会产生逆向变迁，抑制经济的进一步的增长。中国所要做的是完善正式金融系统，恢复其在服务经济的功能中本应有的定位。     

The relevance of International Financial Reporting Standards to a developing country: Evidence from Kazakhstan

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were developed in advanced economies, but are increasingly being applied in emergent economies, potentially ignoring considerations of whether IFRS are appropriate or relevant to such economies. This case study examines the relevance and implementation of IFRS to the emerging economy of Kazakhstan from independence in 1991 to 2006. It concludes that although a strong case for IFRS relevance cannot be made, even by 2006, Kazakhstan had little choice but to proceed with IFRS, and that IFRS relevance is likely to increase as Kazakh economic development continues. Implementation of IFRS is proving problematic, but is taking place slowly. This, in turn, has implications for the theoretical status of the IFRS relevance argument and the pathways that nations might follow in implementing a national accounting system. If the only choice of accounting system is IFRS, then the IFRS relevance debate is effectively closed and the real issue is the pathway of change that nations might follow as they implement IFRS.     

从可持续发展视角论金融发展的不确定性

金融发展内涵相当丰富且具有多样性的特点，从金融可持续发展理论的视角出发，并结合西方金融发展理论进行分析，表明金融发展对经济增长的作用一定程度上是不确定的。     

中国金融发展与经济增长研究综述

金融发展与经济增长的关系是金融发展理论的核心问题,目前,学术界对二者的关系仍存争议.本文首先从理论层面回顾了金融与经济之关系的产生和演变路径,在此基础上,梳理总结了关于金融与经济关系的主要学术观点以及实证研究领域,最后,提出了未来的研究趋势和有待深入研究的问题.     

金融创新、R&D与经济增长

在Uzawa(1965)、Lucas(1988)和Jones(1995)内生增长的模型的基础上,引入金融创新部门,研究了金融创新、R&D与经济增长的关系。金融创新直接影响经济增长率,还会通过对技术创新的影响,间接地影响到经济的增长。同时,三部门人力资本分配的变动受到生产函数中参数的影响。不同的金融创新产品对R&D和经济增长的影响也有所不同。     

广佛肇金融发展差异与经济增长因果关系研究

区域金融发展与经济增长的因果关系一直是研究和争议的热点话题。对近二十年广佛肇三地及其经济圈金融发展与经济增长进行实证分析的结论表明,广佛肇三地金融发展对经济增长的效应不太显著,但经济增长差距导致金融发展差异效应明显,经济圈经济一体化更有利于金融一体化发展。因此,广佛肇经济圈应更好地规划经济一体化发展,更好地配置经济圈内金融资源,提高金融发展与经济增长的互动效应。     

Financial Development and Total Factor Productivity Growth: Evidence from China

Abstract

In this article, we estimate the effect of China’s regional financial development on total factor productivity (TFP) growth using large provincial panel data for the years 1990 to 2009. Using the nonparametric stochastic frontier data envelopment approach, we analyze how financial development is related to efficiency improvement and technological progress, the two components of TFP. The study shows that Chinese financial development plays a significant role in promoting TFP growth via technological progress rather than efficiency change. The faster the financial development takes place, the better it could correct the mismatch of resource allocation, thus promoting TFP growth. The results imply that China needs to both further optimize the allocation of financial resources and perfect the regional financial system.     

Hungarian Privatisation Strategy and Financial Performance of Privatised Companies

This paper examines Hungarian privatisation strategy and the financial performance of privatised enterprises. The results suggest that Hungary has preferred privatisation by direct sales by a considerable margin, but has recently shifted towards share issues. Both types of sale have predominantly been gradual. Subsequent sales, however, confirm the government's intention to sell previously retained shares. An analysis of IPOs during 1990–1998 shows positive initial returns on Privatisation Initial Public Offers (PIPOs) and greater underpricing than for other IPOs. The long term returns of PIPOs are positive and they outperform other IPOs in all periods after the listing.     

Financial Access and Economic Growth: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

This study empirically analyzes the effects of financial access on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. By estimating panel data on thirty-seven countries from Sub-Saharan Africa between 2004 and 2012, we examine whether improved access to financial services has contributed to economic growth in this region. The empirical results clearly indicate that financial access has a statistically significant and robust effect on increasing economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa.     

Financial Intermediation and Economic Growth in China: New Evidence from Panel Data

In this article, we investigate the relationship between financial intermediation and economic growth in China by employing system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators for dynamic panel data from twenty-eight Chinese provinces over the period 1978–2008. Our empirical results show that various measures of financial development are generally associated with economic growth. More specifically, the size and depth of the financial sector significantly influence economic growth. However, household saving is found to have a negative, but insignificant, effect on economic growth. Finally, we find that although several control variables show the expected signs, they are not always statistically significant. Human capital, openness to trade, and inflation positively influence economic growth.     

吉林省经济增长与金融发展的实证分析

采用1985—2010年时间序列,实证分析吉林省经济增长与金融发展规模、金融效率的关系,以及吉林省与全国经济增长差距、金融发展规模差距、金融效率差距间的关系。结果表明：吉林省金融发展规模是促进经济增长与提高金融效率的重要原因;而吉林省与全国经济增长差距、金融发展规模差距及金融效率差距虽然存在长期稳定的关系,但金融规模差距对经济增长差距的影响为负。     

美国金融监管模式的改革趋势对我国的借鉴

美国于1999年11月通过的<金融服务现代化法>第一次以立法的形式正式废除了长达60年之久的分业经营模式,同时确立了与美国混业经营特点相适应的伞型监管模式,支持了美国金融业的繁荣.但是随着金融创新的不断涌现和风险的快逮传递,该监管模式制也越来越多地暴露出一些问题,对此各界提出了各式各样的改革建议.2008年3月29日美国财政部终于公布了包括短期和中期的改革建议.顺应全球协调、统一监管标准已成为美国金融监管模式的改革趋势,这对于我国无疑有着很大的借鉴意义.     

Financial Distortions and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence

Conventional wisdom suggests a negative relation between financial distortions and economic growth. This paper incorporates the financial premium, a good proxy for the degree of restrictions on financial transactions, into a standard AK-type endogenous growth model. The analytical results suggest that such a relationship does not exist. Economic growth is insulated by the financial premium, contrasting with previously held beliefs. Agents' patience and the attitude of relative risk aversion are noteworthy in explaining the effects of external distortions on economic growth. Our findings may apply to economies with parallel exchange markets.     

Financial development and economic growth in Egypt

The relationship between financial development and economic growth has been widely examined in both the theoretical and empirical literature. This paper studies the relationship between these two variables in Egypt during the period 1961 to 2009, using co-integration and vector error correction analysis, Granger causality tests, and multivariate Beveridge-Nelson decomposition. Results indicate that the two variables move together in the long run, and that financial development Granger causes economic growth in both the short-run and the long-run, thus providing support for the supply leading hypothesis. These findings are robust using different measures of financial development.     

财经类院校法学教学改革中需处理的几种关系

财经类院校法学教学改革应当妥善处理几种关系：即学校培养目标与学生个人发展的关系;处理好法学核心课程与非核心课程、其他学科之间的关系;倡导传统教学方法与新型教学方法相结合.只有这样,才能使教学改革更明确发展方向,符合教育发展的规律.     

我国金融发展与经济增长关系的区域差异分析——兼论分税制改革对金融发展与经济增长关系的影响

本文利用1979-2003年的省级面板数据，将我国分为东、中、西三大区域，考察了金融发展对经济增长的影响，结果表明：把国有商业银行贷款占GDP的比例作为金融发展的衡量指标对三大地区人均GDP均具有显著的正相关性，金融发展促进经济增长的理论在我国同样成立；但金融发展与实体经济部门之间均不存在良性互动的关系，其对经济增长的贡献仅仅停留在增加资本积累上，对资本配置效率的改善作用不大；1994年的分税制改革对金融发展促进经济增长的作用造成了显著的负面影响。因此，我国的金融体制改革需要将金融体制改革、国有企业改革、财税体制改革和政府体制改革纳入同一个分析框架中进行。     

我国金融发展与经济增长关系的区域差异分析——兼论分税制改革对金融发展与经济增长关系的影响

本文利用1979～2003年的省级面板数据,将我国分为东、中、西三大区域,考察了金融发展对经济增长的影响,结果表明:把国有商业银行贷款占GDP的比例作为金融发展的衡量指标对三大地区人均GDP均具有显著的正相关性,金融发展促进经济增长的理论在我国同样成立;但金融发展与实体经济部门之间均不存在良性互动的关系,其对经济增长的贡献仅仅停留在增加资本积累上,对资本配置效率的改善作用不大;1994年的分税制改革对金融发展促进经济增长的作用造成了显著的负面影响。因此,我国的金融体制改革需要将金融体制改革、国有企业改革、财税体制改革和政府体制改革纳入同一个分析框架中进行。     

基于金融发展水平的证券市场开放对经济增长的影响

本文在索洛—斯旺框架下构建了一个分析证券市场开放对经济增长影响的理论模型,模型显示:金融开放后的经济收敛速度要大于封闭时的经济收敛速度,金融发展水平会促进金融开放带来的经济增长效应。通过金砖国家的数据对理论模型的结论进行实证检验显示:用名义的AREAER指标、实际的EW指标和资本流动指标度量的证券市场开放度的系数均显著为正,说明证券市场开放有利于经济增长;证券市场发展水平会促进该经济增长效应,而银行业发展水平对该经济增长效应的影响不显著。     

多重均衡条件下农村正规金融发展与经济增长的关系——基于中国省际数据的实证分析

农村正规金融发展和经济增长之间的相互作用有可能产生多重的、稳定状态的均衡。本文在内生经济增长理论的框架下分析了二元经济条件下农村正规金融发展与经济增长之间的多重均衡,运用邹至庄断点检验(Chow Test)和预测失败检验(Predictive Failure Test)对中国省际农村数据进行了实证分析。结果表明我国农村正规金融对农村经济增长的支持力度必须达到一定临界水平才实现二者的良性循环。