N-甲基二乙醇胺的合成及应用

1前言N -甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)为淡黄色或无色粘稠状液体 ,沸点247 2℃ ,d204=1 042粘度100CP(12℃)左右 ,呈弱碱性 ,与苯、水、乙醇可任意比例混溶 ,微溶于乙醚。MDEA是一种优良的溶剂、医药中间体和高效脱硫脱碳剂 ,可脱除天然气、克劳斯制硫尾气等气体中的H2S,可在活化剂参与下脱除合成氨中的CO2。另外 ,MDEA还可以作为杀虫剂、乳化剂、织物助剂的半成品、抗肿瘤药物盐酸氮芥的中间体、胺基甲酸酯涂料的催化剂、纤维助剂等 ,同时 ,也是油漆的一种促干剂。通常MDEA的合成方法是在高压下进行 ,技术路线复杂 ,工艺控制严格。本试验…     

真空碳酸钾脱硫工艺优化

<正>一真空碳酸钾脱硫工艺运行情况介绍邯钢老区焦化厂采用真空碳酸钾工艺,负责处理老区焦化厂全部煤气。回收车间两个系统的煤气分别净化后一块进入脱硫系统进行脱硫处理的煤气总量为100000 m3/h。真空碳酸钾工艺主要包括三部分,分别为脱硫、再生、克劳斯炉。脱硫过程是一个吸收过程,回收车间两个系统的煤气经洗苯进入脱硫塔,脱硫贫液自上而下与煤气自下而上先后与来自再生塔上段贫液逆流接触,碳酸钾溶液与煤气中的H2S、     

用液态除硫剂代替固体脱硫剂进行脱硫的可行性分析

天然气作为清洁能源,广泛运用于民用和化工行业。目前对于偏远乡镇的小规模用气一般采用固体脱硫剂,部分偏远井站的自用气也采用固体脱硫剂进行脱硫。固体脱硫剂脱硫存在脱硫效率低,脱硫剂再生操作风险大,更换脱硫剂操作复杂、风险高,废渣处理困难等不利因素。采用液体脱硫剂,有脱硫效率高、更换脱硫剂简单方便、废液处理简单环保等优点,同时,在生产现场,只要将简单的改造脱硫塔,就能完成固体脱硫装置向液体脱硫装置的转换。YT-1型脱硫剂是一种新型的除硫溶剂,物化性质比较适合在采气生产现场脱硫除硫。     

浅谈釜式换热器的设计

本文介绍大庆华凯石油化工设计工程有限公司为中化弘润石油化工有限公司60万吨/年气体分馏、MTBE联合装置及配套工程设计的第二再生塔再沸器技术。本文阐述了整个再沸器从材料选择、结构设计、强度计算、以及制造检验安装等方面的技术和要求，介绍了一套完整的再沸器设计过程。     

碳酸二甲酯合成现状

碳酸二烷基酯是重要的化合物，其中最重要的碳酸二甲酯（dimethyl carbonate以下简称DMC）。它是具有多种反应活性、环境友好的有机化学品，可替代剧毒光气，是一种重要的羰基化、甲基化、甲氧基化试剂，碳酸二甲酯等进行羰基化、甲基化、甲氧基化等反应，进而可开发出一系列绿色化工工艺过程。它也经常用作溶剂来代替卤化溶剂如氯苯。虽然现在碳酸二甲酯作为燃料添加剂来说价格较高，但是它可以被用作再生汽油和辛烷的供氧剂，     

基于改进DEA的军用车辆投入产出效率综合评估研究

文章首先对DEA法应用于军用车辆投入产出效率的综合评估,进行了可行性研究,然后进行了若干种军用载重车的投入产出效率实例试评.最后,针对普通DEA法无法对有效单元排序的弱点,运用MDEA模型进行了分析.     

浅析输电铁塔立塔次序对立塔施工的影响

为解决输电线路立塔施工中不注意立塔次序导致施工时间长、浪费人力、存在安全隐患和有可能损伤铁塔主材等问题,进行了深入地讨论,并针对这一施工人员常常忽略的问题提出了一种优化的立塔次序,将常见的立塔次序与优化的立塔次序进行对比,从施工质量、施工效率、施工安全和节约资源等方面进行分析,得出使用优化的立塔次序立塔施工在施工质量、施工效率、施工安全和节约资源等方面都要优于使用常见的立塔次序立塔施工,指出立塔次序对输电立塔施工的重要影响。     

碳钢脱硫塔的屈曲失稳控制分析

采用有限元软件对圆筒形薄壳结构的脱硫塔进行了数值模拟计算,分析了脱硫塔屈曲失稳的原因,总结了脱硫塔屈曲失稳控制的标准。研究表明:脱硫塔在地震、风荷载、动液压力等水平荷载作用下,容易发生塔底的“象足”屈曲失稳;碳钢脱硫塔和储油罐虽然都属于薄壳结构,但是碳钢脱硫塔在内部结构上又不同于储油罐,而且受力较储油罐复杂,在满足安全和经济性的前提下,控制碳钢脱硫塔的屈曲失稳的标准更适合参照日本规范对控制储油罐屈曲失稳的计算取值。     

潮汕古塔知多少

正在潮汕,古塔并不罕见。城市中有塔,农村中也有塔;山上有塔,江河湖海边也有塔。这些千姿百态的古塔,年代之久远、造型之优美、结构之奇巧、装饰之华丽,堪与其它种类的古建筑相媲美。塔作为佛教的产物在传入中国以前,楼阁在中国已经很普遍,所以当与印度传来的"窣堵波"相结合时,避免不了中国化的改造便产生楼阁式塔。楼阁式塔的特征是具有台基、基     

关于ZLG22米螺杆折塔桩机起塔方式简述

主要介绍ZLG22米螺杆桩机起塔方式，通过与挑杆钢丝绳起塔方式和折塔油缸起塔方式对比，体现出ZLG22米螺杆桩机起塔方式的优势。     

电子音乐流派的社会变革(英文)

从社会和政治变化、电子音乐流派的发展,形成了电子音乐,科学和技术的发展对电子音乐有重大的影响。他们是四个不同历史时期的发展——未来派,法西斯主义,达达派、电子音乐的时期。从最早使用:麦架,嘘声,窃窃私语,爆炸等。音乐和表达感情的表现,在阶级斗争,政治变革和经济危机、发展迅速的电子音乐,用在许多不同的零件,例如播放音乐、电影、电视等,都成了一个必不可少的组成部分的音乐市场。     

The Geography of Innovation in China and India

The BRICS countries in general, and China and India in particular, are now widely regarded as the areas of the world likely to challenge the economic leadership of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). A large part of this challenge will come from rapid technological catch‐up by China and India. Yet, despite a recent rise in interest, there is limited knowledge about how and where innovation takes place in these two leading emerging countries and to what extent the Chinese and Indian territorial systems of innovation differ from those in the EU or the US. In this article we explore the geography of innovation in China and India, concentrating on understanding key territorial‐level innovation trends by country, region and technology field, using the US and the EU as benchmarks. We find significant contrasts between the geography of innovation in China and India and that of the US and the EU. First, the degree of concentration of innovative activities in both countries is extremely high. Levels of agglomeration of innovation in the coastal provinces of China, as well as in Delhi and the South of India, significantly exceed the levels of agglomeration found in the USA and the EU. Secondly, China has witnessed a more rapid increase in the degree of concentration of innovation than India. We posit that the differences in the geography of innovation between, on the one hand, China and India and, on the other hand, between these countries and the developed world are rooted in different institutional settings, different systems of innovation and different national innovation strategies.     

WHAT'S TO KNOW ABOUT THE CREDIBILITY OF EMPIRICAL ECONOMICS?

The scientific credibility of economics is itself a scientific question that can be addressed with both theoretical speculations and empirical data. In this review, we examine the major parameters that are expected to affect the credibility of empirical economics: sample size, magnitude of pursued effects, number and pre‐selection of tested relationships, flexibility and lack of standardization in designs, definitions, outcomes and analyses, financial and other interests and prejudices, and the multiplicity and fragmentation of efforts. We summarize and discuss the empirical evidence on the lack of a robust reproducibility culture in economics and business research, the prevalence of potential publication and other selective reporting biases, and other failures and biases in the market of scientific information. Overall, the credibility of the economics literature is likely to be modest or even low.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

控保建筑价值确定的影响因素与估值探索——以苏州为例

控保建筑作为一种特殊的房地产类型,在价值(价格)的评估方面有其特殊原则、特别考虑因素和特有估价方法和途径,实施估值的人员必须站在较长时间序列的背景下,在充分了解和掌握建筑物的文化背景、历史背景、技法背景的前提下,从建筑本体和外部两个角度,给予历史、艺术和科学的价值估算。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.     

Engineering Cities: Mediating Materialities,Infrastructural Imaginaries and Shifting Regimes of Urban Expertise

This symposium opens up new critical insights and analytical perspectives into the relationships between power, politics, materiality and urban engineering. In so doing it demonstrates the central role of engineers in the production and negotiation of everyday life in the city. In contrast to the technocratic exercise engineering often professes to be, the contributors to this symposium argue that the assembling and choreography of cities through the myriad techniques, routines, standards and visions of engineers is inextricably bound up with broader socio‐cultural, material and political urban dynamics and processes. This necessitates investigating the multiple and competing social imaginations, forms of knowledge and regimes of expertise associated with urban engineering. The symposium's five articles, straddling disciplinary backgrounds in geography, anthropology, engineering and history, focus analytical and empirical attention on the figure of the engineer and on the work of engineering in the cities of Paris, Mumbai, Singapore and London. Engineering, we suggest, is a diagnostic for probing the shifting forms of mediation that animate and inhabit contemporary dynamics of urban change. The symposium thus opens up a new avenue for cross‐disciplinary and transregional research for urban studies while also suggesting innovative ways of conceptualizing urban transformation and contestation.     

新时期城市空间的流动特征

基于新时期城市所面临的全球化、信息化与城市化共同作用的多重发展背景,从城市空间出现的距离消失、新边界产生、功能混合与城市空间多维化等转变的研究出发,分析了新时期城市的办公、居住、商业与工业等功能空间流动的新特征。     

浅论保险与理财

随着财富的增加,人们越来越意识到保险的重要性,但是许多人仍不清楚保险与理财的关系,以及如何使用保险产品。本文从保险与理财的关系出发,阐述了保险规划的流程,并详细分析了保险理财中应注意保险的本质、功能、社会保险的意义、购买保险的目的以及把握购买时机等问题。     

马克思、恩格斯生态经济思想及其对生态环境法治观的启示

马克思、恩格斯具有丰富的生态经济思想,其中主要包括:自然资源是人类生存发展前提和财富源泉、尊重自然规律和合理调节"物质变换"以及"两个和解"的思想,等等。马克思、恩格斯生态经济思想,为人类走向生态文明奠定了深厚的思想渊源和理念基础,同时对确立科学的生态环境法治观具有重大启示。