竞争创新:优化配置无形资产

激烈的市场竞争迫使企业技术创新、机制创新、管理创新等。但更重要的是竞争创新,以寄、新、特等新形式展开竞争,比如为自己的企业优化配置无形资产展开竞争就是一种。中国传统资源优化配置理论只配置有形资产,而不配置无形资产,故为自己全业优化配置无形资产展开竞争;就是一种创新。知识重于资本、文化重于物质、品牌重于产品、无形重于有形。为此,国家经贸委最近告诫企业：面对新的国内外激烈竞争形势,企业要采取八大措施迎接挑战。其中两条是：“企业发展主要依靠科技、信息等,而不主要依靠资金、物资资源”;“企业将更加注意形象、企业文化的塑造和培养,更多追求无形资产。”这就是提倡企业运行无形资产参与竞争。中国经济竞争已经从“斗勇”、“斗钱”为主转入了以“斗知”“斗智”为主的阶段．企业的竞争已到了非创新不可的时候了,创新则胜,不创新则亡。     

浅谈柔性管理在企业管理中的运用

"柔性管理"内在重于外在,心理重于物理,身教重于言教,肯定重于否定,激励重于控制,务实重于务虚。"柔性管理"则"以人为中心",对员工进行人格化管理。要让员工自觉将自己的知识、思想奉献给企业,实现"知识共享",单靠"刚性管理"不行,还必须通过"柔性管理"。     

甘肃工业企业竞争优势分析与提升

竞争优势理论分析 企业的竞争优势,是指企业在与同行业企业的竞争中所表现出的相对于竞争对手的一种优势,依赖于这种优势,该企业可以获得超过该行业正常收益率的回报.关于竞争优势理论界主要有三种观点:     

以集团力量综合利用察尔汗盐湖卤水资源

察尔汗盐湖现有的30多家选矿厂,因企业性质、技术方法、生产规模、产品质量的不一,致使在体制、生产、经营方面形成抗衡与竞争.抗衡大于合作,挑战重于竞争,势必造成矿业开发秩序的失衡,市场销售的混乱,优势资源的浪费.加大盐源开发秩序管理力度,加速盐湖资源利用实施步伐,是盐湖人可持续发展的首要大事.我们应提出建设性意见.……     

企业竞争范围与竞争优势的源泉:企业能力范式的解释

本文建立了一个联系企业竞争范围与竞争优势的分析框架,发现逻辑时间、组织整合、组织技能三个表现,不仅难以直接定量化,而且不能通过市场交易获得。论文从企业能力角度,分析并比较了支撑这些表现的能力基础,战略资产存量、核心能力、动态能力,发现:(1)企业持久竞争优势内生于企业积累性知识与技能;(2)具有范围经济效应的核心能力,是企业在一个逻辑时间内的竞争优势源泉,而核心能力的范围效应决定单一逻辑时间的长短;(3)动态能力是建立企业连续逻辑时间竞争优势的源泉。因此,企业持久竞争优势的创建必须综合考虑产品市场与要素市场。     

嵌入区域集群获取更大优势：论企业竞争优势新来源

一、以资源为基础的企业优势理论企业竞争优势的基础是资源,资源的结合即反映为能力,企业核心能力的形成有助于企业持续竞争优势的确立。1、企业持续竞争优势的基础:资源企业为获取对其他企业的竞争优势,保持自身的生存和发展,需有一定的资源作为基础。资源是企业生产过程最主要的投入要素。它不仅包括经济学上通常所说的资本、劳动、土地三生产要素,也     

尽快培育、完善行业中介组织进一步优化投资环境

我们知道，WTO的23个协议，492页纸，只有2个条款提到企业，其他条款都是规范政府行为的。因此，随着我国的入世，地区与地区投资环境的竞争将是地区政府职能能否迅速转变的竞争，优惠政策将不再是一种稀缺资源，它对投资商的吸引力必定会大大减弱。换句话说，入世后，对于成熟的投资商来说，规范胜于优惠、制度重于政策。     

基于战略网络的企业竞争优势研究

文章从竞争战略理论、资源基础理论和社会网络理论三个视角探讨了企业竞争优势的来源问题,并指出这些理论多从某一个理论讨论企业竞争优势的来源问题,忽视了其发展的多学科交叉、多理论整合的趋向。战略网络作为一种企业网络形式,代表了网络合作竞争战略观,体现了企业网络未来发展的方向,是对以上三种理论的批判、整合,能从资源和能力因素、结构因素、关系因素和认知因素四个维度全面、系统地解释了企业竞争优势的来源问题。     

企业战略决策中竞争信息的获取与运用

竞争信息对企业战略决策是至关重要的，它是企业制定竞争战略的直接依据。文章从竞争环境、竞争对手与企业自身三个方面．系统分析了企业战略决策中所需竞争信息的获取、分析与运用过程．对中小企业战略决策的制定有一定的指导与借鉴意义。     

浅议房地产企业品牌策略

企业所采用的品牌策略通常有三种:单一品牌策略、多品牌策略、副品牌策略。文章分别对这三种策略在房地产企业中的应用进行探讨,认为不同的品牌策略各有其优缺点,房地产企业应结合企业具体情况灵活应用,使企业能在新的品牌竞争中最先胜出。     

Endogenous Markups,Intensity of Competition,and Persistence of Business Cycles

In order to study the propagation mechanism of business cycles, in particular to investigate how the intensity of competition affects market structure and output persistence over business cycles, this paper presents a real business-cycle model with imperfect competition and increasing returns to scale. This analysis considers the markups of price over cost to be endogenous. With endogenous markups, two standard forms of oligopolistic competition—Bertrand and Cournot—are considered. Results show that: (1) the propagation mechanism in the sense of output persistence is greater under Cournot; (2) the propagation mechanism is unequivocally greater with imperfect competition, regardless of whether markups are endogenous or not; and (3) under imperfect competition, the propagation mechanism is greater with endogenous markups than with exogenous markups. Overall, these results suggest that more intense competition produces lower persistence in output growth and, thus, a weaker propagation mechanism. In a calibration exercise, these differences were also found to be quantitatively important.     

产业群内局部过度竞争的理论分析与对策

产业群强化了竞争,但是产业群内也出现了局部过度竞争。文章适时地对一般过度竞争概念加以完善,指出过度竞争存在整体与局部之分,并从产业群进入壁垒、产品差异化、社会均衡最优选择的角度出发,分析了产业群内局部过度竞争的形成机理。文章还运用塞洛普圆周模型,论证了产业群内的激烈竞争将会引起企业数目过多、价格上升等局部过度竞争现象。为了解决这些问题,文章从政府角度提出了相应的对策。     

Google,Facebook, Amazon,eBay: Is the Internet driving competition or market monopolization?

This paper discusses the general characteristics of online markets from a competition theory perspective and the implications for competition policy. Three important Internet markets are analyzed in more detail: search engines, online auction platforms, and social networks. Given the high level of market concentration and the development of competition over time, we use our theoretical insights to examine whether (a) leading Internet platforms have non-temporary market power and, based on this analysis, (b) whether any specific market regulation beyond general competition law rules is warranted in these three online markets.     

British relative economic decline revisited: The role of competition

This paper examines the role of competition in British productivity performance over the period from the late-nineteenth to the early twenty-first century. A detailed review of the evidence suggests that the weakness of competition from the 1930s to the 1970s undermined productivity growth but since the 1970s stronger competition has been a key ingredient in ending relative economic decline. The productivity implications of the retreat from competition resulted in large part from interactions with idiosyncratic British institutional structures in terms of corporate governance and industrial relations. This account extends familiar insights from cliometrics both analytically and chronologically.     

Is the relationship between bank stability,competition, and intervention quality nonlinear? Evidence from North African countries

This paper highlights the existence of a nonlinear relationship between bank stability and competition and analyzes the role that government intervention plays in shaping this relationship. We used a sample of 45 banks in North African countries over the period 2005–2019. We applied a semiparametric approach based on penalized spline estimation. The results unveil the specific shape of the competition–stability relationship at different levels of competition; banks reconsider their risk-taking behavior at each level of competition. This nonmonotonic stability at different levels of competition is attributed to the quality of intervention, which is found to be an important determinant in shaping this relationship. Thus, we explain the dispersion of risk levels among North African banks in part by the quality of regulation in each country and conclude by recommending the strengthening of regulation, supervision and the macro-prudential framework.     

Competition in Turkish Banking: Impacts of Restructuring and the Global Financial Crisis

This paper investigates the evolution of competition in the Turkish banking industry by taking into account the transformation in the sector in the aftermath of the country's financial crisis of 2000 to 2001 and the global financial crisis. The results demonstrate that the level of competition in the system did not increase despite the restructuring that was undertaken and the increased foreign bank participation. In addition, the level of competition in the sector deteriorated during the global crisis. There is also some evidence that the market power of banks with different ownership characteristics varied and did not converge over time.     

Competition among Colleges for Students across the Nation

Colleges compete with one another for students. This article overcomes historical data limitations associated with forming a national picture of competition among colleges using the universe of SAT-takers. We identify and measure competition by the overlap within the set of colleges to which students send their SAT scores (Score Sends). We document the competitive landscape for 1152 colleges between 1996 and 2013 including the number of competitors, the intensity of the competition, and characteristics of a college's primary competitors. For example, on average, a college has Score Send overlap with 736 other institutions and their primary competitors are located 104 miles away and have 34.2% Score Send overlap. All of the documented measures of competition vary greatly by institution type but do not change dramatically over the time period examined.     

Determinants of a Digital Divide in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Spatial Econometric Analysis of Cell Phone Coverage

This paper investigates the determinants of disparities in coverage by cell telephone systems in Sub-Saharan Africa. It uses a spatially disaggregated probit for over 990,000 grid cells with adjustments for spatial autocorrelation. Determinants include potential market size (population); cost factors related to accessibility (elevation, slope, distance from a main road, and distance from the nearest large city); and competition policy. Estimates indicate significant results for the supply–demand variables, and very strong results for the competition policy index.Simulations suggest that a generalized improvement in competition policy could lead to huge improvements in cell phone area coverage, and to an overall coverage increase of nearly 100%.     

技术创新投资决策的不对称双头垄断期权博弈分析

文章运用不对称双头垄断期权博弈模型,研究了需求不对称的两个企业在不确定条件下的研发投资决策。研究表明,需求比较优势的大小时企业均衡策略有显著影响．存在三类均衡：抢先均衡、序列均衡和同时投资均衡。均衡的类型取决于企业作为追随者、领先者和同时投资者的相对收益,而需求不对称程度是影响企业收益的重要因素。研究发现,当需求的不时称程度较低时存在明显的先动优势．从而导致抢先均衡;当需求的不对称程度足够大时,低需求冲击的企业没有动力成为领先者,从而产生序列投资均衡,当初始市场冲击大于低需求冲击企业的追随者策略投资临界时,将产生同时投资策略均衡。     

Competition and Efficiency in the Banking Sector in South Africa

Abstract: We analyse the evolution of competition and efficiency of the banking sector in South Africa using firm‐level data for the period 1999–2008. We adopt a three‐step estimation approach. First, we measure efficiency using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology. Second, we use the Panzar–Rosse approach to derive the H‐statistic for competitive conditions in banking. In the third stage, we take into account the role of managerial ability in competition by re‐estimating the Panzar–Rosse model, with the DEA efficiency scores as an explanatory variable. Overall, the results show that although average efficiency was trending upwards over the period, the number of efficient banks was falling. Also, it is found that for the period 1999–2008, the structure of the South African banking industry was characterized by monopolistic competition. This result may reflect domination by five large banks, which together account for over 85 per cent of total banking assets.