马歇尔·史密斯·阿姆斯壮

马歇尔·史密斯·阿姆斯壮（Marshall Smith Armstrong,1914-2005）是一位杰出的会计学家和会计职业领导人。由于其为美国会计的发展和会计准则的制定做出了杰出的贡献,于1980年被选人美国俄亥俄州立大学（Ohio State University）为著名会计学家设立的专门纪念厅——会计名人堂（A...     

Prizes and lemons: procurement of innovation under imperfect commitment

The literature on research and development contests implicitly assumes that contestants submit their innovation regardless of its value. This ignores a potential adverse selection problem. The present article analyzes the procurement of innovations when the procurer cannot commit himself to never bargain with innovators who bypass the contest. We compare fixed‐prize tournaments with and without entry fees, and optimal scoring auctions with and without minimum score requirement. Our main result is that preventing bypass is more costly in the optimal auction, and the optimal fixed‐prize tournament is more profitable than the optimal auction.     

"斯密问题"的重新解读

"斯密问题"引发了经济学界关于人的本质究竟是自利还是利他的持续讨论.在斯密的著作中并没有将利己和利他截然对立起来--利已或利他都是斯密关于人类天性若干维度中追寻的一种,而"公正"这一思想才是斯密著作中所要突出的理论精髓,从而为斯密所设想的经济制度奠定了基础--公正的制度框架才是保证市场经济正常运转的必要条件.其中,斯密在<道德情操论>中关于"情感共鸣"等概念的相关论述已经在现代生物试验中得到了科学的印证.     

Smith versus Friedman: Markets and ethics

This paper addresses the issue of ethics in modern business thought from the perspective of the father of modern economics Adam Smith using both An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations and The Theory of Moral Sentiments. The foundation of modern business thought is represented by the Chicago/Austrian School of economic thought using Milton Friedman as a basis and examples from the popular business press and from the work of accounting scholars to illustrate the pervasiveness of this idea of market solutions to ethical problems.It is contended that modern business theory, as represented by this neoclassical economic paradigm, has established a moral code for business based on efficiency of outcome and the assumed link of efficiency to self-interested behavior. The result is markets as the arbitrators of ethical outcomes, and profit maximization as the ultimate moral code.     

外汇占款的通货膨胀效应——基于1998-2005年的实证分析

近年来,我国外汇占款引起的内生性货币供给增加,导致国内物价水平不断走高。本文通过计量经济模型分析了外汇占款对我国通货膨胀的影响,并揭示了其内在传导机制。最后从汇率、货币政策两方面提出了相应的政策建议。