共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Cheng Yuhou Yan Jun 《生态经济(英文版)》2005,(3):60-62
The demand environment has a great influence on innovations and the formation of the motive force of the innovation. The demand causes the desire: the desire forms the motive force; the motive force inspires the innovative thinking. the innovative thinking becomes the innovative practice; and the innovative practice.finally, meets people's demand. 相似文献
2.
Ailian Wang 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2005,4(2):79-81
The interview is an important segment and a usual means of choosing staffs, and the interview's quality directly influences the result of recruitment. This composition has posed and analyzed eight psychology errors, including first-sight effect, halo effect, casting effect, order effect, contrast effect, convergence effect, induce effect and fatigue effect. The interviewers should try their best to avoid them and ensure the interview's quality, 相似文献
3.
Petra Duenhaupt 《International Review of Applied Economics》2012,26(4):465-487
During the past two decades, there has been a shift of significance from the real to the financial sector. In the course of (financial) globalization, measures of liberalization and deregulation have contributed to a strengthening of financial capital. The concept of shareholder value orientation has become more powerful, capital income has increased tremendously, while real wages have stagnated. Most industrial countries have experienced a decline in the share of labor income. Based on a review of empirics and literature, this paper seeks to determine who gained from the fall in the labor share of income in the USA and Germany, respectively. If financialization is indeed responsible for the decline, rentiers should be the beneficiaries. In order to identify the relevant effects, the profit share of the two countries under observation is split between the share of retained earnings and the share of net property income (= rentiers’ income) using a modification of the approach chosen by Epstein and Jayadev (2005). The evidence presented shows that the development of the rentier income share indeed corresponds quite well with the stages of development of financialization in the two different countries: in the US, where the important shift towards financialization occurred in the early 1980s, the rentiers’ share of income shows a corresponding leap upwards exactly at that time and remains on a higher level until the end of the observation period. In Germany, the process of financialization started much later – in the beginning of the 1990s – and followed a much more gradual transition, which is perfectly mirrored by the development of income shares: from the 1990s onwards, the rentiers’ income share gradually increased over time. 相似文献
4.
人类社会的发展是人类通过自身或外界的力量对自然进行改造利用的动态过程。这种改造利用在改善人类生存环境、促进人类文明发展的同时,也带来了一些矛盾。随着科学技术的进步和社会生产力的发展,人类改造自然的力量不断增强,随之而来的矛盾也日益凸显,并越来越威胁着人类自身的生存。为了实现人类文明的可持续性,必须采取切实有效的行动,在最无愧于和最适合于自然的条件下改造和利用自然,使人与自然和谐相处、协调发展。 相似文献
5.
Abel and Eberly (1999) prove that uncertainty has an ambiguous effect on long run capital accumulation in a real options model. We show that, with adjustment costs quadratic in investment, more uncertainty reduces capital and this effect may be large. 相似文献
6.
Nicolò De Vecchi 《European Journal of the History of Economic Thought》2013,20(2):233-258
Abstract Hayek did not review the General Theory, but he criticized it in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and in part IV of The Pure Theory of Capital (1941). First, he showed that only exceptionally does greater consumption favour investment and employment. Second, he rejected Keynes's liquidity preference and maintained that only in an ‘extreme case’ might it be said that Keynes's theory of the rate of interest is valid. Although he correctly identified the gist of Keynes's theoretical innovation, his criticisms were already implicitly answered in the General Theory. 相似文献
7.
Edward J. Nell 《Review of Political Economy》2013,25(4):479-502
Keynes provided not one but two formulae for calculating the relationship between the Present and the Future. On the one hand we have the well-known Marginal Efficiency of Capital (MEC), where the value of the present stock equals the discounted sum of future earnings, but on the other we have the Conventional Projection (CP) where the expected earnings in the future reflect the productivity of present facilities. The MEC is likely to reflect the views of fund managers, the CP the views of corporate managers. These two sets of judgments of the future may coincide or diverge. Either way they determine the value of the present capital in terms of claims to it—and this determination may be stable or unstable, but in any case will be volatile in the sense that the underlying uncertainty can lead to rapid shifts. By contrast, the Classical Equations will give us the value of present capital in terms of its replacement or real cost. This is reliable, being based on the real side of the economy. The ratio of this to the uncertain and volatile MEC/CP financial calculation is analogous to Tobin's Q, and will play a role in determining investment decisions, but it chiefly gives us insight into how volatile those must be. 相似文献
8.
Dehai Liu Dagang Wang Shulin Liu 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2004,3(2):29-32
This paper analyses the game model between the individual and the group that has the characteristics of Stackelberg model in traditional game theory and replicator dynamic model in evolutionary game theory. In the first phase of game, the bounded rationality group players adopt the replicator dynamic behavior. Secondly, the full rationality individual player decides the own response function by the strategies distribution of group players. The shortsighted individual player will take the risk-dominant strategy. This model has some unique characteristics. 相似文献
9.
Xin Chen Jinsheng He Deyong Xiong Liping Dong 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2004,3(2):39-44
This paper reviewed the theories about knowledge innovation and proposed the characteristics of knowledge propagating in knowledge innovation. Furthermore, this study adopted the bionics principle and discussed knowledge-fermenting model of knowledge innovation, which is used for uncovering the core course of organizational learning and knowledge innovation and guiding the practice of organizational knowledge innovation. The contribution of this paper is to reveal the mechanism of knowledge innovation. 相似文献
10.
This article examines the effects of persistence, asymmetry and the US subprime mortgage crisis on the volatility of the returns and also the price discovery, efficiency and the linkages and causality between the spot and futures volatility by using various classes of the ARCH and GARCH models, and through the Granger’s causality. We have used two indices: one for spot and the other for futures, for the daily data from 12 June 2000 to 30 September 2013 from Nifty stock indices. We have then tested for ARCH effects, and subsequently employed various models of the ARCH and GARCH conditional volatility. The GARCH(1,1) model is found to be significant, and it implies that the returns are not autocorrelated and have ‘short memory’. It supports the hypothesis of the efficiency of the markets. The negative ‘news’ has more significant effect on volatility, corroborating the ‘leverage impact’ in finance on market volatility. We have also tested the volatility spillover effects. The two methods we employed support the spillover effects and the causality is bidirectional. We also have used the dummy variable for the US subprime mortgage financial crisis and found that they are statistically significant. Indian stock market is thus integrated to the world stock markets. 相似文献
11.
Alistair Munro 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2009,43(1):1-10
Environmental economics has been slow to incorporate the full and complex nature of the household into its analytical structures
and to reflect empirical evidence on household decision-making. This paper provides an overview of some of the main unanswered
questions.
相似文献
12.
Jinhua Zhao 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2014,9(1):1-5
Environmental degradation poses perhaps the greatest challenge to present day China as it continues to improve the living standard and general welfare of its citizens. According to a recent Pew Research Center survey (Pew Research Center, 2013), air pollution and water pollution are among the top five public concems in China, coming after inflation, inequality and corruption. Water pollution is also among the top five issues for which the public concern has increased the most during the past five years, coming after food safety, medicine and manufactured goods, and old age insurance. Yet, despite public concerns and increased abatement expenditures, major pollution levels have been increasing rather than decreasing. For many days during 2013, large parts of eastern China have suffered from blanketing thick smog caused by PM2.5 pollution, with airports and freeways shut down and schools closed. 相似文献
13.
Audley Genus 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2013,25(7):711-727
The paper addresses the question of how institutional change relates to the diffusion of microgeneration energy technologies in the UK, posed in a research project comprising interviews with thirty-one respondents connected with the field of microgeneration in the UK. It analyses the nature of institutional rules in the prevailing regime of electricity generation and in microgeneration niches. It examines how such rules might facilitate systems innovation, or contribute to the maintenance of the prevailing system or partial change. The conclusions of the paper inform and deepen understanding of how conformity to or innovation in institutional rules may hamper or potentially contribute to diffusion of environmentally sustainable microgeneration of energy. 相似文献
14.
In this paper, we study the relationship between the Laffer curve and the green paradox in the context of a Ramsey model with endogenous labor supply in which pollution increases consumer demand (through a compensation effect). We find that—in the long run—the conditions under which a Laffer curve and a green paradox emerge are mutually exclusive. Indeed, the Laffer curve exists under a weak compensation effect, while the green paradox requires a strong effect. Also, we find that, in the short run, limit cycles may arise in the presence of a Laffer curve, while they never occur under a green paradox. 相似文献
15.
Guang Xia Chong Li 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2004,3(8):59-66
Applying the strategic performance method of the balanced score card and the new thinking, the text structures the balanced score card theoretical model Party and government, further investigates and sets up of performance evaluation to the Chinese leaders of the the applied function model and appraisal model of the balanced score card theoretical model of performance evaluation to the Chinese leaders of the Party and government. The foundation and implementation of these kinds of models can improve its competence and reign power; will promote the whole performance development of the Chinese Party and government organs, it will create the enormous economic benefits and social benefits. 相似文献
16.
Nathan Farrell 《New Political Economy》2015,20(2):254-272
This article analyses a range of initiatives, labelled as ‘conscience capitalist’, that have become prominent since the 2008 financial crash. Conscience capitalism encompasses projects emerging in both the for- and non-profit sectors that seek to connect neoliberal capitalism with concepts of morality and conscience. The article begins by unpacking conscience capitalism, showing how its for-profit advocates seek to transform capitalism by orienting it towards accounting for social and environmental externalities, and how its non-profit supporters seek to incorporate components of neoliberalism to serve their environmentally and/or socially focused agendas. Conscience capitalism appears to be a re-evaluation and call for reform of the prominent forms of neoliberalism. However, this article argues that, rather than comprising a hindrance, conscience capitalism offers a means of advancing the project. This is evident in its attempts to reconstitute social and environmental externalities in terms relatable to the market, and represent social and environmental problems in quantitative terms in which the success of market-based solutions can be read. Acknowledging some of the successes of conscience capitalist campaigns, the article concludes by arguing that this continued neoliberalisation of the non-profit sector favours campaigns consistent with neoliberalism and has the potential to undermine the democratic governance of non-profits. 相似文献
17.
Wang Songpei 《生态经济(英文版)》2006,2(3):218-225
Since 1978, China has gained worldwide shin- ing achievements following the idea of seeking the truth of the fact to carry out economic reform for over 20 years. From the relationship between hu- man being and nature, the economic development has entered a new era, eco-era. The new era re- quires us to further deepen economic reform from the relationship of human being and nature while we are keeping on economic reform based on the relationship between human beings so as to realize sustainable… 相似文献
18.
Xingyuan Xia Shixiao Zhang 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2005,4(1):16-18
The system of investing and financing in northeastern area has the character of planned economy. Project conducting is our main strategy in any large-scale area rejuvenating plan, which has been proved lack of sustainable development. This paper proposes some suggestion to reform the system of investing and financing. 相似文献
19.
This study discusses the general impact of Donald Trump’s election on the US and European economies as well as the effect of this political news on financial markets. To this end, we discuss different hypotheses from a theoretical view and empirically illustrate these thoughts when possible. Our analysis suggests that while the expected Trump measures might boost the US economy in the short term, these actions would have negative long-term consequences in the United States. Further, this new US policy will affect European economies and destabilize financial markets while increasing uncertainty, which could constrain growth and increase the downside risk. 相似文献
20.
Ariel Dvoskin & Saverio M. Fratini 《European Journal of the History of Economic Thought》2016,23(6):1032-1058
AbstractThe paper addresses the ambiguity that surrounds the conception of capital and its role in neoclassical price-and-distribution theory. The difficulties encountered in the various attempts to define the marginal product either of capital or of a capital good are recalled and the conclusion is drawn that neither concept appears theoretically sound. This historical reconstruction is combined with critical discussion of the recent attempt by Paul Samuelson to determine income distribution by means of the “Master Function”, a device previously developed and presented by Samuelson himself with Erkko Etula, and its “non-neoclassical” marginal products. Rather than the existence of a continuum of alternative technical possibilities, this construction assumes the simultaneous use of a discrete number of methods of production for the same commodity. Even though each technique employs the inputs in fixed proportions, the coexistence of various techniques permits the full employment of an arbitrarily given vector of input endowments. As is shown here, however, the coexistence of methods required for the differentiability of the Master Function can take place, if heterogenous capital goods are used in production, neither in the case with stationary relative prices nor in the non-stationary Arrow–Debreu framework. 相似文献