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现代理论研究与经验事实表明,资源禀赋、人口结构的转变都会对一个国家或地区的经济社会发展方式和进程产生重大影响.面对我国长期依赖的资源红利、人口红利与制度红利影响逐渐减弱,经济与社会发展面临重大转型时刻,探寻新的经济增长与发展源泉及其作用机制就变成一个重要而充满挑战的课题.该文从新型人口红利的视角探寻其作为经济增长新源泉的内涵、动力与作用机制. 相似文献
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人口转变、人口红利与经济增长的实证研究——基于湖南省面板数据的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用湖南省各年统计年鉴的相关数据,分析了湖南省人口的转变情况,以及由此形成的人口红利期。通过引入相关的计量模型,实证分析了人口变动对储蓄的影响以及人口红利对经济增长的作用,并在面对人口老龄化这一严峻形势下,提出了如何充分发挥人口红利促进经济持续、稳定增长的政策建议。 相似文献
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人口红利是指人口转变中的某一阶段出现充足供给劳动力和高储蓄率给经济带来的正面影响。人口红利之后将面临高老年人口比所导致的人口负债。本文在理论层面讨论人口转变与经济增长的关系,认为人口红利期劳动力增长和高储蓄率是经济增长的动力,人口红利期之后必须通过资本积累、技术进步和人力资源开发,才能保持可持续增长。研究了中国充分挖掘人口转变潜在贡献的现实困境,给出后人口红利时代的理性建议。 相似文献
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人口结构特别是人口结构的变化所形成的人口红利对经济增长具有重要影响,因此,要充分利用人口红利对经济增长的推动作用,采取促进就业,提高劳动者素质,优化产业结构等政策堆动经济又好又快发展。 相似文献
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"民工荒"和工资上涨现象引起较多关于"刘易斯拐点"的争议。本文从开放经济与二元经济关系的视角出发,指出中国的二元经济转型是城镇化、工业化和经济开放过程的并存。同时,中国的刘易斯拐点仍未到来,工资差距仍在行业和地区间存在,并吸引剩余劳动力向东部地区的劳动密集型制造业和服务业转移。而外部冲击、城镇化和工业化不匹配等现象的存在,是造成剩余劳动力与"民工荒"现象并存的主要原因。基于284个地级市宏观层面数据的实证分析支持上述结论。 相似文献
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人口红利作为衡量人口年龄结构变化对经济增长的影响因素,已越来越多地受到人们的讨论和关注。本文以第六次人口普查常住人口数据为基础,研究临沂市人口年龄结构的现状以及人口红利对经济增长的促进作用,探寻延长人口红利期的对策和建议。 相似文献
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近几年,关于我国"刘易斯拐点"是否到来一直是个备受争议的话题,现有文献所阐述的观点主要有两种,一是刘易斯拐点已经到来;二是尚未到来或处于刘易斯转折区间内。而分歧的主要原因除了刘易斯模型本身存在的缺陷之外,各学者对于有关概念及评判标准也存在不同理解。本文将重释"刘易斯拐点"的含义,结合本国实际情况对我国是否进入"刘易斯拐点"进行重新判定,以实现我国经济一体化的协调转型。 相似文献
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本文在总结中国“人口红利”问题相关研究文献及研究成果的基础上,对第一人口红利和第二人口红利的概念做了扩展。指出人口结构转变可能通过影响技术进步进而对经济发展产生影响,并从金融市场的角度进一步对第二人口红利问题加以讨论,认为在这一系列问题上还有可深入研究的意义。 相似文献
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中国东、中、西部三大区域和各个省份的人口红利变动趋势有所不同,西部地区人口红利期较东、中部滞后,省与省之间呈现出东部老年赡养负担重,西部少儿抚养负担重的差异格局。应该抓住机遇采取促进就业、加强劳动力合理流动、加大人力资本积累、做实养老保险个人账户和适时推迟退休年龄等对策措施以获取人口红利。 相似文献
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Fang Cai 《中国与世界经济(英文版)》2020,28(5):26-44
As China's demographic transition enters a new stage, the “first demographic dividend” – the economic advantage resulting from demographic changes in recent decades – is bound to disappear permanently. China's future development will be characterized by an aging population. The “second demographic dividend” refers to new sources of economic growth derived from this later population change. This paper reveals major constraints caused by aging in China, which is characterized by a tendency to grow old before becoming rich. As the population ages, human capital improvement slows, labor force participation declines and consumption power reduces. This paper suggests taking advantage of a population “echo effect” to improve human capital at all ages, to enhance workers’ ability to benefit from employment, and to improve the labor participation rate of the elderly, which in turn would increase the income and social security of the aged. These measures are conducive to future economic growth and to the cultivation of the second demographic dividend. 相似文献
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改革开放后,我国继续实行以效率优先为特征的非平衡发展战略,倒"U"假说作为非平衡战略的重要理论引入我国,并激起学术界的广泛讨论,刘易斯转折点、库兹涅茨转折点是近年来我国经济学界研究的热点问题,但当前的研究往往忽视两者之间存在的一种联系。反复争论我国是否已经到达刘易斯转折点缺乏现实意义,文章欲以中国经济出现刘易斯转折点与库兹涅茨假说的基本特征作为转变发展方式的逻辑起点,重点解决中国城乡二元收入差距与经济发展关系的传导机制与线索,进而提出相应的政策建议。 相似文献
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从2000年至今,我国经济一直保持着高速增长态势,即便是2008年金融危机以来世界经济形势低迷,也未能阻挡我国经济快速发展的步伐。总结我国经济保持持续增长的发展要素,结合当前的内外部环境,分析未来促进我国经济稳步发展的关键措施。 相似文献
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I. Introduction As a result of the strictly implemented one-child policy, China has completed a demographic transition within approximately 20 years, a very short period of time when compared to most developed countries. As a continuation of the first stage of transition from high death rate, high birth rate and low growth rate to low death rate, high birth rate and high growth rate, which was completed in the 1950s, the second stage of transition from low death rate, high birth rate and high … 相似文献
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从可持续增长的模型入手,从一个全新的角度探讨了传统经典股利理论和股利政策与企业财务可持续增长的关联性,为全面、正确认识股利理论和股利政策提供了一种新的方法,为实务中决策者制定股利政策提供理论参考。 相似文献
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We examine the wage trends of ordinary workers and the wage convergence between unskilled and skilled workers in China. First, we find that wages in all non-agricultural sectors, wages of migrant workers, and wages of hired workers in the agricultural sector have increased dramatically since 2003. Second, through comparing wage differentials between migrant and urban resident workers and between heterogeneous education groups within migrant workers, and by investigating the changes in the contribution of the returns to education to wage differentials, we find that the wages of unskilled and skilled workers have converged. Both the increasing wage trends and wage convergence are interpreted as evidence supporting the hypothesis that China has passed what can be called the Lewis turning point in the industrial sector. We conclude that the sustainability of economic growth in China requires an upgrading of labor market institutions to accommodate the merging of the rural and urban labor forces. 相似文献
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The major objectives of China's macroeconomic policy are to stabilize economic growth and inflation, which, in turn, are important factors determining key prices, such as the policy interest rate, the renminbi exchange rate and stockprices. In a framework that distinguishes different phases of the business cycle based on whether the current period's economic growth rate and inflation rate are above or below their "'normal" values, this paper analyzes the interaction among macroeconomic policy, economic growth and inflation in China since the Lehman crisis, and the implications for these key prices. The path of China's economy indicates that stimulus measures taken by the government during the recession phase and tightening measures implemented during the overheating phase have helped minimize the fluctuation over the business cycle. Our analysis shows that Chinese authorities tend to rely more on adjusting the exchange rate than the interest rate to stabilize the economy. Comparing with conditions at the time of the post-Lehman recession, the current slowpace of economie growth in China may reflect not only weakening demand, but also a lowerpotential growth rate associated with the arrival of the Lewis turning point. 相似文献
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本文提出中国进入刘易斯转折点的判断标准:农民工实际工资较快提升,农民工与农民纯收入之比快速增加,"民工荒"及农民工工资上涨原因是劳动力短缺;实证表明中国尚未进入刘易斯转折点。最后针对"民工荒"及农民工工资上涨提出政策建议:推进农民工有序市民化、加快土地流转进程、力促农村剩余劳动力条理转移和提高农民工劳动力市场质量。 相似文献