关于侨企智能化制造和数字化转型的探索与研究

文章通过对现有侨商企业案例的理念与经验进行梳理，明确“智改数转”的概念界定和特征呈现，探讨制造业实现数字化转型的关键技术和趋势，研究各类资源投入、共享、协调、保障机制，为制造业发展提供支持和保障。开展常州侨商制造企业“智改数转”的研究，可以推动常州工业高质量发展走在江苏省前列，令常州市成为产业链高端制造中承上启下的重要一环，以创新的科技应用走在数字经济时代前列。     

民族地区高质量发展的驱动路径研究——基于fsQCA的模糊集定性分析

采用fsQCA模糊集定性比较分析方法,以民族八省区的40个地级市为样本,探索新发展理念下创新发展、协调发展、绿色发展、开放发展、共享发展的联合效应对民族地区高质量发展的复杂影响机制。研究结果显示:第一,新发展理念下的单个要素并不构成民族地区高质量发展的必要条件;第二,存在三条民族地区高质量发展驱动路径,分别是“绿色开放型”路径、“弯道超车型”路径和“综合驱动型”路径,不同城市可通过不同驱动路径实现民族地区高质量发展;第三,创新发展与绿色发展、协调发展具有相互替代性,且创新发展和共享发展在民族地区高质量发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。基于研究结果,各民族地区应立足要素禀赋,发展比较优势,激发自我发展能力;应提升民族地区创新能力,发挥科技创新的支撑引领作用;应构建民族地区共建共治共享的社会治理格局,推进民族地区实现共同富裕。     

探索发挥新型举国体制优势的新路子 更大力度推动制造业高质量发展

推动制造业高质量发展,是当前和今后一个时期我国经济发展中的重大战略任务。近年来,我国制造业发展成就很大,但大而不强、全而不优的局面并未得到根本改变,基础能力依然薄弱,关键核心技术受制于人,“卡脖子”“掉链子”风险明显增多。在进入新发展阶段、贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局时,加快推动制造业高质量发展更加迫切。     

西藏创建高原经济高质量发展先行区的实现路径研究

创建高原经济高质量发展先行区是全面建设社会主义现代化新西藏的重要任务。结合新发展理念和西藏“四件大事”构建评价指标体系,运用AHP-熵权法测度2006—2020年西藏经济高质量发展水平,并利用障碍度模型识别阻碍高质量发展水平提升的关键障碍因子。研究结论表明,西藏经济高质量发展水平在观测期内在特别是十八大以来保持持续上行的良好态势,其特殊优势在于绿色与共享发展,而突出短板在于创新与开放发展;障碍因子诊断发现,污染治理投入是目前制约经济高质量发展水平提升的首要障碍因子。因此,发挥绿色共享优势,补好创新开放短板,筑牢强边固防底板是西藏加快创建高原经济高质量发展先行区的重要实现路径。     

坚定不移贯彻新发展理念

中央经济工作会议提出,新时代抓发展,必须更加突出发展理念,坚定不移贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念,推动高质量发展。理念是行动的先导,坚定不移贯彻新发展理念对做好2020年经济工作十分重要。“2020年是全面建成小康社会和‘十三五’规划收官之年,落实新发展理念将助力我们更好完成这一宏伟目标。”中国人民大学副校长刘元春说,应对经济下行压力,推动中国经济高质量发展,也都要求我们从新发展理念中寻找思路。     

“诠释者”网络下设计驱动式创新赋能制造企业高质量发展的机制和路径研究

设计驱动式创新是提高中国制造企业质量效益、推动制造业强国建设的重要路径。梳理制造企业高质量发展和设计创新研究现状，解析设计驱动式创新和“诠释者”网络内涵，总结“诠释者”网络嵌入设计驱动式创新机理，研究制造企业高质量发展内在动因。得出“诠释者”网络嵌入设计驱动式创新赋能制造企业高质量发展机制和路径。     

农业高质量发展指标体系构建、测度及时空演变分析

为洞察农业高质量发展的时空差异及演进趋势，基于2005—2019年中国部分省份数据，立足“新发展理念”从“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”五维度构建农业高质量发展评价指标体系，运用加入时间变量的熵值赋权法对农业高质量发展指数进行测度，并利用ArcGIS10.8软件、Markov链分析方法对农业高质量发展进行时空演变分析。研究结果显示：农业发展在创新、协调、绿色、开放及共享方面都取得显著成效；整体上，在考察期内农业高质量发展水平逐步提升，但地区之间差异明显；在时空演变上呈现不同的演化格局，具有东部地区领先，中西部地区发展相对落后和迟缓的时空演化特征。总体呈现向高水平等级演化的趋势但动态演进速度缓慢。因此，要持续推进农业科技体制改革，切实提升农业高质量发展水平。     

县域创新促进制造业高质量发展的实证研究——以济宁市为例

创新驱动县域制造业高质量发展是建设“制造强国”的基础所在。选取2016—2021年9个县域的数据，通过构建指标体系运用熵权法、线性回归模型，测度了县域创新能力和制造业高质量发展水平，实证分析了县域创新驱动力及各要素对制造业高质量发展的影响。结果显示，县域科技创新显著推动制造业高质量发展，创新驱动力受县域产业结构和制造业规模影响。县域创新体系中R&D投入占据主导地位，高新技术企业引领和带动效能需进一步提升。在创新驱动大环境下，企业创新意识有了较大提高，创新效率需要进一步优化。     

上海合流监理公司：打造现代化国有监理企业新标杆

<正>持续探索监理企业管理创新，助推合流监理高质量发展上海市合流工程监理有限公司（以下简称“合流监理”）是上海城投公路集团旗下国有全资子公司。多年来，合流监理坚持以创新引领企业核心专业能力的培育，全面贯彻新发展理念，坚定不移做好科技创新布局、数字化转型和人才培育活动，为实现“打造成城投集团市场化企业新标杆”的目标，凝聚高质量发展合力。     

培育“专精特新”企业助力共同富裕

深入实施“专精特新”中小企业培育工程,引领制造业高质量发展,助力共同富裕示范区建设,近年来,海盐将培育“专精特新”企业作为推动工业转型升级、实现经济高质量发展、建设共同富裕示范区的重要抓手,全方位、多举措推动县域中小企业“专精特新”发展。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.