Unemployment and new business formation – new insights into a complex relationship

The article analyses the interrelation between unemployment and new business formation using panel data for a large cross-section of countries. We find robust evidence for a positive influence of unemployment, domestic credit to the private sector and business-friendly regulation on new business formation. Our examination does, however, indicate no support for the view that new business formation significantly reduces national unemployment rates.     

Schumpeter’s new combinations

The paper focuses attention on Schumpeter’s achievements in his classic contribution and how these relate to the contributions of other major authors. While deeply indebted to Marx’s vision of capitalism as a system incessantly in travail, Schumpeter was no ‘Marxist’. He shared B?hm’s view that profits are not due to ‘exploitation’, but thought that the latter’s attack on Marx was a failure. There are remarkable differences, but also similarities between the analyses of Schumpeter and Keynes. Marx, Schumpeter and Keynes rejected Say’s law and other basic ideas constituting the marginalist doctrine. They saw capitalism as a restless, crisis-prone system.     

A new model of corporate DNA

This paper has researched on six kinds of the corporate DNA models, which have set up and analyzed its limitations, regarded the corporation as a vital organism, and put forward the judging standard for corporate DNA by analogism. According to the standard, the components of the corporate DNA are judged and a new model has been established. The corporate DNA is composed of four DNA chains, which overlap and intercross in the model. Based on the new model, the concept of the corporate central dogma is put forward. The element and information transmission way of corporate information are discussed in the corporate central dogma.     

Identifying development blocks—a new methodology

The paper specifies a quantitative methodology for exploring development blocks. The concept of ‘development block’ was a major contribution to the historical analysis of industrial transformation by the late Erik Dahmén, but development blocks have mainly been analyzed by qualitative methods and indirect indicators and not statistically identified. In this paper, development blocks are identified by means of a combination of co-integration analysis and Granger causality. Using these techniques, we are able to identify two partially overlapping development blocks in the Swedish economy, formed around the electricity generating sector: one with metal, metal goods, machinery and railways; and another with pulp and paper, chemicals, and machinery.

Research on financial support in new rural reconstruction

The new rural reconstruction in China cannot develop without financial support. At present, the limitations on rural finance supply constitute one of the bottlenecks in the ＂Three Nongs＂ （agriculture, countryside and farmers） problems. The paper starts from the present situation, analyses the reasons why rural finance has current difficulties and puts forward proposals for policy reform.     

Two new proofs of Afriat’s theorem

Summary. We provide two new, simple proofs of Afriats celebrated theorem stating that a finite set of price-quantity observations is consistent with utility maximization if, and only if, the observations satisfy a variation of the Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference known as the Generalized Axiom of Revealed PreferenceReceived: 12 June 2003, Revised: 9 October 2003, JEL Classification Numbers: D11, C60.Correspondence to: A. Fostel