“声音”与“眼光”的结合与分离——谈《牧师的黑面纱》中的叙事视角

本文从结构主义叙事学关于叙事视角的理论出发,分析了霍桑的短篇小说《牧师的黑面纱》中出现的叙事声音和叙事眼光的结合与分离。在该故事中出现的叙事声音或与叙事眼光相结合,为读者提供背景信息,做出评论,或与叙事眼光部分结合,制造悬念,引人入胜,或与叙事眼光相分离,从故事中人物的角度向读者交代信息,凸现反差,深化主题。     

连锁经营后新华书店基层业务员如何实现职能的转变

连锁经营作为一种现代流通业新的企业组织形式和经营方式,彻底改变了图书零售业的经营理念。新的经营方式的出现,使得新华书店许多部门功能的角色得以重新配置,特别是连锁经营总部实行统一配送、各基层店自主进货业务取消后,发生的变化尤为明显。笔者认为,基层业务员的工作职能将发生三个方面的转换,即由组织货源向组织策划市场营销转换;由了解市场动态向反馈市场信息转换;由进货工作向参与管理工作转换。     

试论新时期经济新闻报道思维方式的转变

新时期经济报道如何突破常规思维的束缚，增强经济新闻的时代性、理论性、前瞻性和思辨性，需从三个方面转变报道思维方式：由国内视角向国际视角转变，由工作视角向受众视角转变，由微观视角向宏观视角转变，以小见大，增强贴近性；高屋建瓴，增强权威性；从而改变以往经济报道中存在的“外行看不懂，内行看不上”的尴尬局面，较好地反映社会主义市场经济的本质和特征。     

新机制的构想

随着改革的不断深入,企业趣临的最大变化是经营体制由计划经济模式向市场经济模式转变。这场变革必然对人们的思想观念、行为方式、价值向等方面产生深刻的影响,同时,也给企业思想政治工作提出了新的要求。因此,企业思想政治工作必须紧紧地握住经济建设和改革开放的主旋律,在指导思想、工作内容、方式方法、保证体系及队伍建设等方面实现工作重心转换,以建立和完善与市场经济体制相适应的企业思想政治工作新机制。一、在指导思想上,要坚持以经济建设为中心,实现由以政治功能为主向以经济功能为主转换。     

天然气转换过程中几点问题的探讨

简要介绍了由人工煤气向天然气转换的过程,并在考察已有经验的基础上,分析了天然气转换过程中出现的一些常见问题,并简要介绍了转换工作环节.     

互感器负载箱变频检定装置的研制

互感器负载箱变频检定装置主要由检定装置主体、操作面板和集成电路三部分组成。集成电路包括输出和测量两大部分,输出部分由振荡单元、功率放大单元、电源及过载保护单量程单元、A/D转换单元、AC/DC转换单元及显示单元组成;测量部分由自动量程转换单元、A/D转换单元、AC/DC转换单元、功能开关判断单元、按键单元、单片机及液晶显示单元组成。通过改变输出部分的振荡单元中RC振荡电路的不同电阻值来产生20Hz～1kHz交流信号,以满足检定不同额定频率的负载箱需要,即实现负载箱检定装置的变频。     

三元空间视角下的村镇公共空间叙事分析与解读——以山西荫城镇为例

列斐伏尔的三元空间论是分析村镇公共空间演变的重要理论依据,从三元空间论的认知视角出发,通过分析社会生产与空间演变的关系,可将荫城镇的发展历程概括为村落集聚、镇域衰落、新镇再造三个阶段。通过引入叙事分析的逻辑,利用叙事线索中故事层与讲述层的关系,将故事发生的背景、事件和人物与表述过程中的叙事结构、情境和语言逐一对应,从三元空间论中感知的空间、构想的空间、生活的空间三个层面出发,来分析比较荫城古镇与新镇之间不同的叙事方式,并对当地乡村城镇化过程中新老空间发展的平衡提出相应策略。三元空间与叙事理论的结合,有助于人们从新角度审视当前的村镇空间,分析其中不断变化的物、事、人,以及由村民所叙述的空间故事。     

试论《情人》的流动性叙事视角及其审美效果

《情人》是杜拉斯的一次"文字的冒险",它结构混乱,情节破碎,甚至连语言也时常是颠三倒四的,但由于其独特的讲述故事的方式,尤其是叙事视角的灵活转换运用,使得作品呈现出一种多层多面的审美效果.《情人》以第一人称回顾性叙述为叙述策略,这样的叙述方式有着其独有的双层聚焦,即内聚焦和外聚焦,本文以小说文本为具体范例详细讲述小说内外聚焦下的内外视角的转换,并分析由此产生的独特美学效果——音乐效果以及陌生化效果.     

新旧动能转换的理论探索与实践研判

新旧动能转换是实现创新驱动、推动经济由高速度增长向高质量发展的重大战略举措。从世界范围看,新旧动能转换不仅是世界经济演进的客观规律,也是新技术革命持续发展的必然要求。从国内发展看,新旧动能转换是中国迈向全球价值链中高端、进入经济发展新时代的根本出路。本文通过考察新旧动能转换的内涵和模式,进而从技术效率和技术进步二维视角分析新旧动能转换的动态演进。新旧动能转换包含要素、企业、产业和社会四个层面的着力点。新旧动能转换存在从政府主导走向政府引导、从经济领域走向社会领域、从重点示范走向全面推进、从要素驱动走向创新驱动、从渐进式革新走向颠覆性创新等多条发展路径。     

企业领导者的角色与功能要转变

扬光日前在（中华工商时报）上撰文指出，随着全球范围内经济竞争的日趋加剧和信息革命突飞猛进地发展，随着大型企业集团及跨国经营模式的快速形成，企业领导者的角色意识及其功能也在不断受到严重挑战。在这一过程中，计划经济不断向市场经济过渡；短缺经济不断向供需平衡转化；粗放经营逐步向集约经营转变，由此也引起企业领导者角色及其功能随之发生下述转变：一是由家长型领导向导师与教练型领导转变，随之而来的是用人、决策及组织管理三大功能的进一步强化；二是由任务型或执行型转变为转换型，即现代企业领导重在转变员工对工作的观…     

The Continuity–Change Duality in Narrative Texts of Organizational Identity*

abstract This paper focuses on how continuity and change are managed discursively in narrative texts of organizational identity and thus helps move forward the discussion about persistence and change in organizational identity. The study reports on the content, context and authorial elements of the evolving narrative composed by a Canadian bank's senior managers. The analysis indicates that the discursive strategies employed by organizational authors to establish confluence (or simultaneous continuity and change) include the selective reporting of elements from the past, present and future, the juxtaposition of the ‘modern and attractive’ with the ‘outdated and undesirable’, the persistent use of expansive labels that allow the addition and subtraction of meanings attached to the labels, and the importation of selected themes from the wider macro‐discourses. In keeping with the view that organizations are plurivocal, evolving narratives of the organization in the business press are also presented. These narratives contribute themes that are at times concordant with senior managers’ accounts and thus confirm the value of the changes in identity elaborated by management; at other times, press accounts are discordant with senior managers’ narratives and provide alternative evaluations of the changes. The paper concludes with reflections on the indeterminacy of both organizational identity – for the texts that constitute it remain open to multiple readings and to subsequent re‐writing that continually destabilize it – and the narrative research enterprise that falls short of providing comprehensive and incontrovertible accounts of the voices that constitute organizations.     

改革开放以来中国城市行政区划变更特征及趋势

根据变革的特征和对城市发展的影响,将中国改革开放以来的城市行政区划变更归纳为三种:撤县设(县级)市;县、市升格或地区改(地级)市;撤县(市)设区。基于时间和空间两个维度的分析,进一步揭示三种行政区划变更的主要阶段及其特征与趋势,并认为行政区划变更是市场化分权改革在城市层面的反映。     

A comparison of qualitatively and quantitatively driven analytic procedures of psychotherapeutic group sessions with deviant adolescents

The present paper deals with the therapy-related change in a group of deviant adolescents attending a therapeutic facility. The main issue of two studies reported here is to identify pattern of changes through different methods. The paper describes how the mixing of two different types of analysis may yield a more complex and complete view of the data. The analyses were performed at the same time: the first part (study 1), which was of a clinical–quantitative nature, involved picking out changerelated features through the analysis of the frequency of lemmas in the content of the sessions; the second part (study 2) had a qualitative orientation and traced the pattern of narrative themes in the sessions during the course of time. In both studies, the same data were analyzed at the same times, though each study adopted a different approach. While both approaches focused on change, the results brought out different aspects: the study that adopted the quantitative/clinical approach highlighted changerelated problems and proposed an explanation in terms of the “deviant peer effect”; by contrast, the qualitative study underlined the possibilities offered by change and viewed therapeutic change in terms of the shift in narrative themes from the detachment and lack of responsibility initially shown by the youths towards progressive maturation that may have been due to the efficacy of the therapy. The discussion of results brings us to consider the fuzzy set approach for future research into the field of criminology and group therapy. In conclusion, the paper shows that looking at the same data through two different methodological “lenses” yields different, and only apparently contradictory, conclusions.     

Mediating ambiguity: Narrative identity and knowledge workers

Drawing on Paul Ricoeur's approach to narrative identity and a longitudinal case study of a graphic design firm, this paper explores identity work provoked by organisational changes for one group of knowledge workers, graphic designers. The approach to identity work developed in this paper illuminates how these knowledge workers use narrative to mediate between social and personal identities during a period of significant organisational change. The narrative identity approach, derived from Ricoeur, embraces the multiplicity, complexity and potential contradictions encountered by knowledge workers facing threats to their personal identity. In addition to developing Ricoeur's thinking to understand identity work in an organisational context, the impact of organisational change for knowledge workers is highlighted for practitioners.     

Organizational remembering as a trigger for cultural change: Exploring the episodic memories of a financial scandal

Organizational memory research has developed from the 'storage bin' model of memory towards emphasizing collective remembering. We advance this view by proposing organizational remembering not just as the process of evoking past events to reproduce traditions but also as a projection into the future using imagination. Empirically this is illustrated through the qualitative analysis of 27 episodic interviews with employees of a global financial institution, documents and the media coverage of the organization’s involvement in two well-publicized financial scandals. We explore the impact of the episodic memories of those events on employees' readiness for the cultural change programme launched by management after the scandals. The analysis shows how the negative media coverage of the organization generated a powerful dis-confirmation of its working practices among employees and how this was amplified by the strong emotional reactions remembering those events provoked. Management used both to re-frame the past in a narrative used to increase receptiveness to change. Yet the past was brought differently into the present by different organizational groups depending on the future each group imagined, counteracting the impact of the generic management narrative. The findings illustrate the collective, emotional and imaginative qualities of organizational remembering and provide new insights into the process of cultural change through the lens of memory showing how while memories may be shaped by management to respond to crisis, they can also become part of prospective and transformative change processes.     

Estimating non-simultaneous changes in the mean of vectors

A sequence of independent vectors with correlated components is considered. It is supposed that there is one change point in the mean of each component and changes need not occur simultaneously. The asymptotic distribution of the change point estimators is studied. If the true change points are well separated, the explicit asymptotic distribution of the change point estimators is presented. In the case the true change points coincide, it is shown that the limit distribution of properly standardized change points estimates exists. It depends not only on the underlying time series dependence structure, but also on the ratio of the sizes of the changes. The asymptotic distribution function is not known, but due to the invariance principle it can be obtained by simulations.     

基于信息经济学视角的内部审计发展变化分析

本文通过研究内部审计的产生、发展变化,从信息经济学角度来分析内部审计产生的原因、范围的扩大、本质的升华及作用的延伸等问题。笔者认为,信息技术对于完善内部审计理论、指导内部审计实践、优化内部审计工作、提高内部审计服务质量具有十分重要的意义。     

如何用系统工程的观念管理企业

系统工程的方法有思想方法和技术方法两部分,系统工程之真谛是其思想方法。用系统工程的观念管理企业,实践中也就是要注意用六种观点去分析、解决问题:整体的、优化的观点;综合分析的观点;动态变化的观点;功能性的观点;层次性和有序性观点;适应环境的观点。     

新时期河南农村劳动力转移就业的主要特点及发展趋势分析

河南国民经济和社会发展进入第十二个五年规划时期,河南农民工转移就业呈现新的特点和发展趋势。农民工就业形势依然严峻,总量大且增长速度快;农民工群体年轻化、知识化和技能化新特点显现;农民工转移就业的岗位、方式日趋稳定;河南吸纳农民工就业的能力越来越强,越来越多的农民工在省内转移就业;农民工就业的行业结构出现了一些新的变化;农村劳动力供求关系正从长期"供过于求"转向"总量过剩,结构短缺"的新阶段。在"十二五"及中长期时间内,河南农村劳动力总量供大于求的局面不会改变,转移就业的规模和增长速度将逐渐趋向平稳;转移流动就业的形式仍以流动型和定居型存在;"刘易斯拐点"的迹象即将显现;从长期看,到"十三五"末,河南农村劳动力供给将进入"刘易斯转折点"的第二阶段。劳动人口将出现负增长,农村富余劳动力将由结构性短缺发展到全面短缺。     

体验经济下海南体验旅游发展研究

随着人们的消费观念的改变,许多人早已不满足走马观花、急行军式的旅游方式",体验式旅游"正悄然升温,成为现代旅游最具开发潜力的部分。从体验经济的视角来看海南旅游业未来发展的方向,可以发现,以观光为主流的旅游产品,将逐渐让位于新、奇、特的参与性旅游产品。