技校类高职生心理健康状况调查

目的:了解技工学校学生的心理健康状况;方法:采用SCL-90对1144名技校高职学生进行问卷调查;结果:高职学生SCL-90的各因子分中除抑郁因子外均与全国常模有显著差异;心理问题检出率为9.09%;人际关系、敌对、恐怖因子得分技术类专业学生均显著低于人文类学生;偏执因子得分则前者显著高于后者。结论:高职生的心理健康水平低于全国成人常模,且技术类专业学生和人文类学生之间在某些因子上也存在显著差异。     

中等专业卫生学校护理专业学生心理健康水平调查

目的 了解中专卫生学校护理专业学生的心理健康状况.方法 采用SCL-90症状量表对某卫生学校的2009级三个护理专业班174人进行团体测量,结果与中国常模进行比较.结果 护理专业学生心理健康状况堪忧.总分、阳性项目数、总均分、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病性因子分高于中国常模P＜0.001,心理问题检出率12.06%.结论 护理专业学生存在较高的心理问题,应全面加强心理健康教育,以提高其心理素质.     

四川震灾区中学教师心理健康现状调查与辅导对策

采用SCL-90时地震灾区安县的300名初高中教师进行问卷调查,结果表明:地震灾区中学教师阳性检出率为20.27%;SCL-90各因子上均高于全国正常成人常模,差异非常显著;初中教师SCL-90各因子均高于全国正常成人常模,差异非常显著;男女教师SCL-90各因子均高于全国正常成人常模,除女教师的躯体化因子外,均差异显著;老中青教师中,中年教师SCL-90各因子均高于全国正常成人常模,差异非常显著,青年教师部分因子高于全国正常成人常模,差异显著,老年教师和常模相比则不存在显著差异.提出了促进地震灾区中学教师心理健康对策的建议.     

症状自评量表在师范新生中的应用

目的:调查某师范学院大学新生心理健康情况(男生:1025名,女生:2440名)。方法:调查用临床症状自评量表(SCL-90)作为测量工具,根据大学生临床症状自评量表评定标准进行评定。结果:①在本科生和专科生在所有因子上存在显著差异;且本科生各因子平均得分显著高于专科生。②不同科别的被试在强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、偏执、精神病性等因子上存在显著差异,且均为文科生得分显著高于理科生;在焦虑、敌对、恐怖因子上不存在差异。结论:应加强大学新生的心理健康教育,提高其心理健康水平。     

大学生心理健康状况的调查分析

通过对680名不同年级大学进行SCL-90测试，发现有114名大学生存在各种明显的心理健康问题。这些心理问题表现在强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神性。因此，高校应有针对性进行心理健康教育。     

公共突发事件下大学生心理健康与归因方式关系研究

目的:探讨疫情时期延迟开学居家期间大学生心理健康状况与归因方式的关系,为创新大学生心理健康教育课程的内容提供理论基础。方法:选取高校在读专科、本科生进行随机抽取,共收回有效问卷541份。采用90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)及归因方式问卷(ASQ)对心理健康状况、归因方式进行调查。结果:(1)正性归因方式各维度与强迫成著正相关,负性归因方各维度式与躯体化、强迫、人际、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他成显著正相关;(2)大四年级的负性内在性归因方式与大一、大二、大三存在显著差异;负性总体指标上大四显著高于大一、大二年级。(3)SCL-90总分与负性整体性归因方式的呈显著相关关系。结论:(1)心理健康水平较低的学生在负性事件的归因上常是整体的、持久的、内在的;(2)大学生的归因方式随学生成长可以得到相对的优化;(3)负性事件的整体性归因方式对大学生心理健康的有显著预测作用。     

壮族大学生心理健康和人格特征的研究

目的：探讨壮族大学生心理健康状况与人格特征。方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和卡特尔16种人格测试量表（16PF）。对280名壮族和232名非壮族大学生进行测试。结果：壮族大学生SCL-90各因子分均高于全国青年常模，壮族大学生心理问题检出率为22．32％。壮族大学生的SCL-90总分与16PF部分因子相关。结论：壮族大学生的人格是影响其心理健康的主要因素，应对壮族大学生心理健康状况给予更多的关注．某些人格特征的培养和完善有利于壮族大学生心理健康。     

高师新生SCL-90测查分析

目的:调查某师范学院大学新生心理健康情况(男生:1025名,女生:2440名)。方法:调查用临床症状自评量表(SCL-90)作为测量工具,根据大学生临床症状自评量表评定标准进行评定。结果:(1)心理障碍发生率:临床症状自评量表(SCL-90)总分>200分,项目因子分>3者220人,占总人数6.35%。(2)男女生在躯体化、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他等因子上差异显著,且平均分数男生均高于女生。结论:应加强大学新生的心理健康教育,提高其心理健康水平。     

新疆喀什地区维吾尔族学生心理健康状况

采用SCL-90心理健康问卷调查等方法对新疆维吾尔族喀什地区城乡男女中学生心理健康状况进行研究。结果表明：新疆喀什地区维吾尔族13—18岁中学生存在一定的心理健康问题，依次集中在躯体化、强迫、恐怖、偏执、焦虑、抑郁等方面，其中，城市中学生心理健康水平高于乡村；男生的心理健康水平高于女生。本研究为培养中学生心理健康有重要意义，同时为培养单位对中学生心理健康问题提供参考资料。     

高校经济弱势群体存在的心理健康问题及指导对策研究

目的：分析高校经济弱势群体存在的心理健康问题并探讨指导对策。方法：对112名高校经济弱势群体采用症状自评量表-SCL90进行问卷调查，积极接受学校的助学安排及心理健康指导的49名学生作为A组，抵触学校的助学安排及心理健康指导的63名学生作为B组，比较分析两组的SCL90评分。结果：两组学生的SCL90强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执因子评分均较高，存在一定的问题；经过学校的助学安排及心理健康指导工作， SCL90各项因子评分均明显下降，并且以A组改善更为明显，与B组比较体现了显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论：高校辅导员应了解经济弱势群体存在的心理健康问题，针对性加强助学安排及心理健康指导工作，帮助学生健康成长、成为社会的合格人才。     

Models for comparative analysis of culture: the case of Poland

This paper examines the main theoretical frameworks for analysis comparative cultural attitudes. A critical discussion of the work by Kluckhohn Strodtbeck, Hofstede and Trompenaars leads to a new theoretical approach for study the national cultural attitudes and norms of behaviour. A methodology based on research is designed to compare the 'internalized' norms of behaviour with 'perceived' norms. Two different but complementary techniques are applied to a sample of Polish students to investigate Polish cultural attitudes using Hofstede's dimensions. Significant discrepancy is found between what people perceive communicate in public as the 'national cultural norm', and what they have internalized cultural attitude and norm of behaviour. The findings from this exploratory research indicate that there are different levels of internalization of cultural attitudes, and respondents express different cultural values in response to different research tools.     

Employee voice viewed through a cross-cultural lens

Employee voice may have positive outcomes for organizations, however, encouraging employees to speak out is not guaranteed unless the organization signals that it is safe and effective for employees to do so. In this conceptual paper, we identify core variables that constitute the norms for voice created in organizations across national cultures. Developing a multilevel conceptual framework of employee voice, we explore how organizational norms related to different voice channels provide signals to employees about voice consequences, namely voice safety and effectiveness. Given organizations do not operate in contextual vacuums, we also apply a macro-level consideration of national culture values that influence organizational voice norms to affect safety and effectiveness signals. A conceptual framework and propositions for future research are presented.     

浅谈二次内部装修审核中出现的问题

以二次内部装修工程审核中发现的排烟、安全疏散等问题为例,结合实际情况以及国家规范、上海地方标准对上述问题提出了相应的整改对策。     

企业社会责任标准研究

随着企业社会责任在全球范围日益受到重视,各种企业社会责任标准也迅速发展,并呈现不断专业化、适用范围不断扩大、与企业管理体系不断融合的趋势。我国企业社会责任标准起步较晚,总体上还停留在对现有有关企业社会责任国际标准的传播层面。构建中国特色企业社会责任标准,应处理好立足国情、企业实际与国际接轨的关系,实现可持续发展。     

城市商品住宅价格水平影响因素研究

商品住宅价格问题是社会关注的焦点问题.以全国35个重点城市1999年-2005年数据为基础,研究城市住宅价格水平的影响因素.研究显示,代表城市经济发展水平和居民收入水平、单位面积土地投入、城市区位和城市环境等侧面的职工平均工资、单位面积固定资产投资、人均铺装道路面积、距海岸线的距离、通过城市的国道数量、建成区绿化覆盖率这6个因素是影响城市住宅价格水平的主要因素.可以预期,当一个城市的这些因素发生相对变化和绝对变化的时候,城市的住宅价格水平必然会发生相应的变化.阳光充足、水资源丰富、交通便捷的近海地区城市的商品住宅价格变动幅度会由于经济发展、人口增加、区住条件进一步优化、投入加大等各种条件的较大变化而高于其他城市.     

The impact of motivation,intention, and contextual factors on green purchasing behavior: New energy vehicles as an example

Green purchasing behavior is of great significance to the realization of carbon reduction goals. Through in-depth interviews, this study uses new energy vehicles to explore the driving factors of green purchase. It applies grounded theory for a qualitative analysis, the results of which show that behavior motivation, behavior intentions, residential characteristics, social norms, behavior ability, and institutional and technological context are the main factors of green purchase, albeit in inconsistent ways. It is found that behavior motivation indirectly affects green purchase through behavior intention; residents' characteristics, behavioral ability, social norms, and the institutional and technological context have moderating effects on the relationship between behavior intention and green purchase, indicating the existence of an “intention–behavior” gap. The study proposes the comprehensive model of Motivation–Intention–Context–Behavior to explain the driving factors for green purchase and provides policy implications on marketing strategy to companies producing green products.     

A model for the influence of social interaction and social support on female expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment

This paper offers a model to describe the way in which female expatriates develop relationships and utilize those relationships to become cross-culturally adjusted. This model includes three predictive components affecting cross-cultural adjustment. The first includes the factors affecting whether a woman is able to form relationships on the expatriate assignment. These antecedents can include the female expatriate's personality, the cultural norms towards women, her language skills and the availability of possible opportunities for interaction. The second component includes the various sources of social interaction and social support (e.g. family members, and host national colleagues). The third component describes the nature of a female expatriate's social interaction and social support (e.g. emotional, informational and instrumental). Practical considerations for multinational organizations sending female expatriates are offered.     

Corporate governance,industrial relations and trends in company‐level restructuring in Europe: convergence towards the Anglo‐American model?

This article addresses the issue of how patterns of corporate restructuring are shaped by national systems of corporate governance and industrial relations. Using case studies of three multinationals, it sheds light on the question of whether the way in which restructuring takes place is converging towards the norms characteristic of the Anglo‐American model. It is argued that considerable changes are evident among national systems, but that these changes are not all occurring at the same pace, nor are all countries moving in the same direction. Consequently, the way that multinational companies restructure their activities varies markedly according to both the business system in their country of origin and the various host systems in which they are located.     

Taxes and Benefits: Two Options to Cheat on the State

In this article we study the social norms to abstain from cheating on the state via benefit fraud and tax evasion. We interpret these norms (called benefit morale and tax morale) as moral goods, and derive testable hypotheses on whether their demand is determined by prices. Employing a large survey data set from OECD‐member countries we provide robust evidence that the demand responds to price proxy variables as predicted by theory. The main general conclusion of this article is that social norms (which are widely accepted as determinants of individual economic behaviour) are themselves influenced by economic factors.     

Assessing the long‐run economic impact of labour law systems: a theoretical reappraisal and analysis of new time series data

Standard economic theory sees labour law as an exogenous interference with market relations and predicts mostly negative impacts on employment and productivity. We argue for a more nuanced theoretical position: labour law is, at least in part, endogenous, with both the production and the application of labour law norms influenced by national and sectoral contexts, and by complementarities between the institutions of the labour market and those of corporate governance and financial markets. Legal origin may also operate as a force shaping the content of the law and its economic impact. Time‐series analysis using a new data set on legal change from the 1970s to the mid‐2000s shows evidence of positive correlations between regulation and growth in employment and productivity, at least for France and Germany. No relationship, either positive or negative, is found for the UK and, although the United States shows a weak negative relationship between regulation and employment growth, this is offset by productivity gains.