政府公共支出结构对腐败的影响效应分析

政府公共支出结构是影响腐败的主要经济因素之一。本文建立腐败的客观衡量指标,采用固定效应模型,定量分析政府公共支出结构及政府支出规模、市场化程度、教育水平、工资水平以及经济发展水平等对腐败的影响,研究结果表明:减少寻租性支出、提高生产性支出对腐败有着显著的抑制作用,同时控制政府支出规模、提高私有化程度对反腐败也有显著正效应;提高人均收入水平和经济增长率对腐败存在着预期的负效应,但在统计上并不显著;教育水平和政府公务员相对工资的提高不利于反腐败,这与大多数实证分析的结果相反。     

跳跃式经济增长率探讨

本文根据发达国家、新兴工业化国家和我国东部沿海地区跳跃式经济发展史实 ,提出应以 8%的GDP年平均增长率和 6%的人均GNP年平均增长率作为跳跃式经济增长率的判定标准 ,论述了跳跃式经济增长是阶段性与非阶段性超常增长的统一 ,具有阶段性和交替性特征 ,说明了跳跃式经济增长率的决定因素和实现途径。     

国际资本流动趋势

一、东盟国家经济增长强劲,投资环境改善东盟国家拥有得天独厚的自然资源和优越的经济地理位置。近年来,除个别国家外,大多数国家政局稳定,经济发展的社会条件良好,1988年有关国家的经济增长率在4.5—11%。人们分析预测,90年代,其中一些国家将步入亚洲第三代新兴工业国的行列。     

廉政建设的经济学思考及制度保障

本文主要运用现代经济学的理论和方法,从腐败行为的界定、腐败行为的产生、以及腐败行为对经济和社会的影响等方面进行分析,以期寻找加强党风廉政建设、预防和治理腐败的有效途径,为我国经济发展和完善社会主义市场经济体制服务。     

关于2001～2020年人民币利率趋势的预测

一、对西方发达国家和新兴市场经济国家GDP增长率、通货膨胀率与利率之间关系的实证检验结果 根据我们的计量研究,从美、英、德、日等西方发达国家和韩国、新加坡等新兴市场经济国家1981—2000年GDP增长率、通货膨胀率、利率三者的数据变化情况中,我们发现了两个显著的特点:(1)GDP增长率、通货膨胀率、利率三者之间呈强正相关关系。当GDP增长率较高时,通货膨胀率、名义利率水平往往也较高;当GDP增长率较低时,通货膨胀率、名义利率水平往往也较低;而当GDP增长率比较平稳时,通货膨胀率、名义利率也保     

腐败行为的成本收益分析

腐败行为的成本收益分析虞月君腐败的产生是一个国家政治、经济、历史、文化、地理、民族心理、风俗习惯等多种因素综合作用的结果。无论是发达的市场经济国家还是落后的发展中国家都不同程度的存在。本文试图从成本收益的角度分析腐败行为产生的根源。一、腐败的经济学意...     

国际市场经济的3种模式

英美式市场经济。这种模式的市场经济,信奉价值规律,政府对经济生活的干预较少。基本特征是:最大限度地发挥市场机制的资源配置作用,倡导自由竞争,实行自由放任;政府主要以政策形式对经济生活进行调控。这种模式以英国、美国为代表。东亚式市场经济。一些新兴工业化国家和地区,为了追赶发达国家,实行政府主导型市场经济,即在市场竞争的基础上,由政府出面,积极主动而强烈地干预经济。这种干预不等于直接管制和行政强制,政府的计划是导向性的。主要通过产业政策,有目标、有步骤地引导资源配置过程,推动经济发展。这些新兴工业化国家和地区以日本、韩国、新加坡、台湾为代表。     

汇率制度与经济增长:来自亚洲发展中国家和欧洲发达国家的经验研究

汇率制度选择在国际金融学和发展经济学领域都是一个重要课题.已有的理论文献和实证研究文献试图通过研究汇率制度选择对各种宏观经济变量和金融变量的影响来确定一种最优汇率制度,但这两组文献都未能提出令人信服的答案.该文运用雷因哈特和罗格夫(2004)提出的新的汇率制度分类方法,研究汇率制度选择与亚洲新兴发展中经济体和欧洲发展国家经济增长率之间的关系.我们发现了两个有趣的经济规律:第一,对发达的欧洲国家而言,更具弹性的汇率制度带来较高的经济增长率,而经济增长率的差异并非取决于汇率制度选择;第二,对于亚洲新兴经济体而言,更具弹性的汇率制度却会带来较低的经济增长率,并且会导致经济增长出现更大的波动性.我们的发现证实了最优汇率制度选择取决于经济发展水平这一结论.     

东道国腐败对跨国公司进入模式的影响研究

作为东道国投资环境中的重要组成部分,腐败不但会对FDI流入总量产生影响,还会对跨国公司的战略产生影响,而首先受到影响的就是跨国公司的进入模式战略。本研究以19个新兴市场国家的745家跨国公司子公司作为样本,运用MANOVA分析、判别分析、Logistic分析等研究方法得到以下结论:第一,东道国国家层面感知腐败、产业层面感知腐败会使跨国公司采用持股比例较低的合资(控股或非控股)进入模式;第二,东道国腐败程度对跨国公司进入模式战略的影响会受到跨国公司进入东道国战略动机的调节。     

汇率制度与经济增长：来自亚洲发展中国家和欧洲发达国家的经验研究

汇率制度选择在国际金融学和发展经济学领域都是一个重要课题。已有的理论文献和实证研究文献试图通过研究汇率制度选择对各种宏观经济变量和金融变量的影响来确定一种最优汇率制度，但这两组文献都未能提出令人信服的答案。本文运用雷因哈特和罗格夫（2004）提出的新的汇率制度分类方法，研究汇率制度选择与亚洲新兴发展中经济体和欧洲发展国家经济增长率之间的关系。我们发现了两个有趣的经济规律：第一，对发达的欧洲国家而言，更具弹性的汇率制度带来较高的经济增长率，而经济增长率的差异并非取决于汇率制度选择；第二，对于亚洲新兴经济体而言，更具弹性的汇率制度却会带来较低的经济增长率，并且会导致经济增长出现更大的波动性。我们的发现证实了最优汇率制度选择取决于经济发展水平这一结论。     

腐败、经济增长与环境污染的 库兹涅茨效应:以二氧化硫排放数据为例

目前，国内文献关于腐败、经济增长与环境污染相互关系的研究还不充分，将三者置于同一整体框架下的研究能为理解和验证腐败与环境之间的关系提供直接的证据。本文在传统的EKC模型中考虑腐败因素，利用1995-2011年的中国省级面板数据研究腐败、经济增长与环境污染三者之间的关系，验证了腐败对经济增长以及腐败和经济增长对环境的影响。结果表明：(1)腐败阻碍了经济增长；(2)经济增长与环境污染之间呈倒“U”型关系，我国仍处于经济增长越快，环境污染越严重阶段；(3) 腐败能够在一定程度上通过弱化经济增长从而对环境污染有负向作用，但这并不意味着腐败是解决环境污染的手段，政府不能通过阻碍经济增长来解决环境污染问题。     

Institutions and the Relation between Corruption and Economic Growth

We study the effects of bureaucratic corruption on economic growth in a framework that takes into account that corruption also affects growth through its impact on institutions. We use a formal growth framework in which corruption affects growth negatively because of individual rent‐seeking and stealing of public goods, but where corruption may serve a positive role by taking over the role of institutions. We find that the overall effect of corruption on economic growth is highly dependent on the institutional setting of a country. Particularly in situations where institutions are not well developed corruption may be conducive to economic growth. We also find that the interaction among institutions themselves matters. This underscores the importance of taking into account the complete institutional setting when studying corruption, both in theory as well as empirically.     

腐败与经济增长的关系实证研究——基于多国面板数据的分析

本文利用多国面板数据实证研究了腐败与经济增长的关系,得出以下结论:一是对于发达国家,腐败不利于经济增长;二是对于发展中国家,一开始腐败对经济增长是有促进作用的,但腐败与经济增长之间是一种倒U型的关系,腐败对经济增长的促进作用只是暂时的;三是对于我国,改革开放的深入,市场体制的完善,政府管制的减少,腐败的负面影响已经超过了正面影响,目前处于倒U型的右半部分,即腐败不利于我国经济增长。最后,本文给出了治理我国腐败的对策建议。     

也说腐败发展的库兹涅茨曲线

在经济发展的过程中,腐败现象存在一种倒U型的发展轨迹。制度建设的滞后,一方面导致了有害于社会发展的腐败的盛行,另一方面也使得腐败成为了改革和发展的润滑剂。而到了经济增长成熟的阶段,随着制度建设的完善,腐败会逐渐下降。     

Corruption and growth: The role of governance,public spending,and economic development

This paper analyses how the quality of governance, the size of public spending, and economic development affect the relationship between bureaucratic corruption and economic growth. The analysis shows that the interaction between corruption and governance shapes the efficiency of public spending, which in turn, determines the growth effects of corruption. Specifically, corruption improves economic efficiency only when the actual government size is above the optimal level. It implies that a growth-maximising level of corruption is possible. This paper also finds that the incidence of corruption declines with economic development. This is because with economic development the wage rate rises and makes private rent seeking costs higher, thereby, discouraging corruption. The main policy implication is that targeting tax evaders instead of bureaucrats is more effective in terms of both reducing corruption and improving the growth potential of an economy.     

Does corruption impede economic growth in Pakistan?

The present study reinvestigates the impact of corruption on economic growth by incorporating financial development and trade openness in growth model in case of Pakistan. We have used time series data over the period of 1987–2009. We have applied structural break unit root test to test the integrating order of the variables. The structural break cointegration has also been applied to examine the long run relationship between the variables.The long run relationship between the variables is validated in case of Pakistan. We find that corruption impedes economic growth. Financial development adds in economic growth. Trade openness stimulates economic growth. The causality analysis has exposed the feedback effect between corruption and economic growth and same inference is drawn for trade openness and corruption. Trade openness and economic growth are interdependent. Financial development Granger causes economic growth implying supply-side hypothesis in case of Pakistan.     

Environmental performance,corruption and economic growth: global evidence using a new data set

This study investigates the relationship between environmental performance, corruption and economic growth using panel data of 87 countries covering the period from 2002 to 2012. The Environmental Performance Index is used for the first time to evaluate the environmental quality on economic growth. By employing both ‘static’ and ‘dynamic’ panel models, we find that environmental performance is positively related to economic growth and is more significant in non-Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) countries. Moreover, when corruption is incorporated, the empirical estimation results indicate that although lower corruption helps economic growth in non-OECD countries, the negative coefficients of the three interactive terms show that the positive effect of environment performance on economic growth will drop, while greater environmental performance combined with natural resource abundance inevitably leads to inefficient bureaucracies and hence disadvantageous economic growth. As a result, policymakers in non-OECD countries should carefully ensure better government quality when they exhibit strong environmental performance so as to avoid any disadvantageous impact upon economic growth.     

Corruption and economic growth: New empirical evidence

The nexus between corruption and economic growth has been examined for a long time. Many empirical studies measured corruption by the reversed Transparency International's Perception of Corruption Index (CPI) and ignored that the CPI was not comparable over time. The CPI is comparable over time since the year 2012. We employ new data for 175 countries over the period 2012–2018 and re-examine the nexus between corruption and economic growth. The cumulative long-run effect of corruption on growth is that real per capita GDP decreased by around 17% when the reversed CPI increased by one standard deviation. The effect of corruption on economic growth is especially pronounced in autocracies and transmits to growth by decreasing FDI and increasing inflation.     

奖章与陷阱:渐进转轨中的腐败

中国在1970年代后期开始推进以市场化为导向的改革战略，国民经济和社会福利得到迅速的改善和提高，但腐败现象也比较严重；同时，市场化的推进并未能遏制住腐败的扩散，市场化程度较高的地区反而面临着更为严重的腐败现象。通过分析中国的经济转轨过程，本文对此作出了解释。与其他处于经济转轨过程中的经济体相比，中国经济发展所具有的特殊的制度安排既促成了经济的迅速成长，也引发了普遍的腐败问题。它们包括：经济决策的地方分权、双轨制市场化和集体所有的产权形式，这些要素既提高了官员推动经济增长的激励，也促使许多官员以腐败的形式分享经济增长的红利，而以“关系”为基础的社会文化背景、中央政治权威的稳定性有助于减少官员在抽租过程中对经济增长可能产生的负面影响。另外，我们认为，市场化改革对腐败可能产生两方面效应，一方面，市场化通过培育新型的企业家阶层促使大量资源由市场配置，这有助于减少腐败发生的可能性；另一方面．市场化进程通过促进经济增长提高了经济中的租金总量，这成为诱发寻租行为的因素。最终的净效应取决于政府部门的改革。发生在中国的现象可以归结为政府改革的不彻底性。     

Corruption and growth in Africa

A major concern in the development of African economies is the impact of corruption on economic growth and while there is general agreement on its detrimental effects, there is considerable debate over its nature and importance. In particular there is little work on the interaction between corruption, government expenditures and how this influences economic growth in countries in the region. This paper takes an endogenous growth model, extends it to include different categories of government spending and then introduces the possibility of corruption, which is allowed to have different effects on each of the categories. The results confirm the negative effect of corruption and military spending, but also show that corruption interacts with military burden, through indirect and complementary effects, to further increase its negative effect. The policy implications are that the effects of corruption on economic growth are worse than was thought in countries which have high military burdens.