水泥企业并购的财务风险识别与控制

当前,并购重组已成为国内知名水泥企业做大做强的战略选择,但企业并购重组过程中不可避免地存在企业并购的风险,由于信息的不对称性、外部环境的不确定性、经营管理活动的复杂性和企业自身能力的有限性而导致企业并购后达不到预期的经济效益,甚至给并购之后企业的经营活动留下隐患。并购风险贯穿于整个并购活动,作为企业并购成功关键因素的财务风险应该引起我们足够的重视,能否识别、规避和控制并购中的财务风险,决定着并购的成败。     

The market for corporate control: do countries and technological regimes matter?

Using DATASTREAM and LexisNexis databases, we examine the experience from 1995 to 2005 for eight European countries and 21 sectors, and compute the frequency of merger transactions at sectoral level, controlling for the roles of country variables and focusing on distinct technological patterns of innovation. We found that, even in market‐based countries, where transfer of control is a frequent phenomenon, mergers are less frequent in those sectors where innovation follows cumulative processes and where takeovers represent a ‘breach of knowledge.’ This study provides empirical support to the fruitful line of research of varieties of capitalism (Hall and Soskice 2001 Hall, P. A. and Soskice, D., eds. 2001. Varieties of Capitalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]) and shows that sectoral differences in M&A (mergers and acquisitions) may be seen in their complementarities with differences by country and their institutional frameworks. Results confirm that acquisitions may occur even in those economies where block‐holders are present, but where the good quality of institutions leaves no space for defence against takeovers. It also highlights the significant role played by takeover regulation, and suggests that the recent reforms in European harmonization should be implemented, so that the obstacles impeding takeovers can be removed. However, policy‐makers should also try to identify for which economies and sectoral fields of specialization, merger activities produce more beneficial effects and which turn out to be detrimental.     

我国大型企业海外并购的困境和出路探索

随着我国综合国力的增强,大型企业逐步走出国门实施海外并购。但由于多种原因,我国不少大型企业海外并购陷入困境并屡屡遭受重大损失。深入剖析我国大型企业海外并购陷入困境或遭受重大损失的原因,探索并尽快找到行之有效的解决办法,提高海外并购的绩效和成功率,尽快摆脱困境并走上健康发展轨道,已刻不容缓。     

Are Larger Merger Synergies Bad News for Consumers? Endogenous Post‐Merger Internal Organization

In this paper, we endogenize the post‐merger internal organization of firms, considering two alternative structures: multidivisional, in which separate divisions are kept, and traditional, with cost synergies. We analyze when each structure occurs in equilibrium and how it affects welfare. We show that higher synergies do not necessarily lead to higher consumer surplus: firms can opt for a merger type that does not increase consumer surplus as much as the one that would occur with lower synergies. This highlights the importance of antitrust authorities basing their decisions not just on the magnitude of eventual synergies but also on the post‐merger organizational form.     

中国企业并购融资中存在的问题及其对策

中国企业并购融资中忽视内部融资、对股权融资相对偏好、对债务融资轻视。融资渠道狭窄,融资方式单一;资本市场体系不完善,并购融资中介机构作用没有效发挥。可继续定向增发新股和进行信托融资。还需引入资产证券化融资,分期付款下的或有支付卖方融资,设立企业并购基金,以及完善企业并购融资的外部环境。     

Does geopolitical risk matter for corporate investment decisions? Evidence from cross-border acquisitions

Heightened geopolitical risk has become the new normal. We study the effects of geopolitical risks on cross-border acquisition activity. Using military alliance to proxy for the degree of geopolitical risks, we find that the formation of military alliance between two countries is associated with greater cross-border acquisition flows. Using the recent North Atlantic Treaty Organization enlargements as identification strategy, we find stronger effects of military alliance, especially with defense pacts. One important channel is that military alliance can substitute for target countries’ institutional quality and minimize extreme geopolitical threats faced by acquirers. We find that countries with poor governance and weaker legal enforcement benefit more from military alliance, especially by receiving inbound acquisitions from major military powers. These findings highlight the role of military alliance in the global market for corporate control by reducing geopolitical risks.     

The effect of heterogeneous beliefs on mergers and acquisitions

This article investigates the effect of heterogeneous beliefs on firms’ mergers and acquisitions (M&A) decisions. Using data of China’s financial market, which is featured with great heterogeneity of belief, we find that heterogeneous beliefs are positively associated with the occurrence of M&A transactions, and firms with greater heterogeneous beliefs are more likely to pay the transactions with stock. Moreover, we show that government intervention, measured by state ownership, weakens the effect of heterogeneous beliefs on firms’ M&A decisions.     

国家公司治理水平与跨境并购目标企业收益

文章分析了收购方所处国家的公司治理水平对跨境并购目标企业收益的影响.数据显示,收购方所处国家对股东权利保护的程度与目标企业宣告期收益显著正相关,而其他指标,如法律起源、债权人权利、会计准则和执法效力则对目标企业的宣告期收益没有显著影响.     

影响公司并购绩效的宏观因素分析——基于边限协整理论的实证研究

采用边限检验法、Toda-Yamamota因果检验法以及自回归分布滞后模型对影响公司并购绩效的主要宏观因素进行了协整分析。结论表明:(1)公司并购绩效与宏观经济发展状况、资本市场发展状况以及利率和货币供应量之间具有协整关系;(2)公司并购绩效与宏观经济发展状况、资本市场发展状况以及利率和货币供应量之间存在着双向的因果关系,表明结论(1)是稳健的。     

中国上市公司海外并购财务绩效评估体系构建

海外并购是跨国公司对外发展的常态。通过对中国上司公司海外并购前后的经营绩效进行财务指标分析,构建财务指标的绩效评估体系,为本国上市公司走向国际提供了可行性研究。     

略论中国引资战略调整与跨国并购投资环境的优化——全球金融危机背景下对我国吸引外资并购的思考

2008年标志着自2003年开始的国际投资热潮的终结。由于不断恶化的全球金融和经济危机的影响,与2007年相比,2008年全球FDI和跨国并购总额下降超过20%;考虑到危机对跨国公司投资支出的影响会随着时间而逐步完全显现出来,因此,2009年这种趋势仍将继续。我国鼓励吸引外资方式由绿地投资向跨国并购转变,然而由于各种因素,跨国并购占FDI的投资比重始终过低。分析了造成这种现状的原因,提出在全球金融和经济危机情况下,如何利用有利条件,更好地吸引跨国并购。     

外资并购与目标企业效率研究:基于啤酒行业的实证分析

外资并购是外国直接投资进入中国市场的一种主要手段.随着加入WTO后,外资在中国啤酒行业掀起一波接一波的并购浪潮.以中国啤酒行业2002-2006年间28起并购为研究对象,选取124家啤酒企业的财务数据,采用DEA-Tobit两阶段回归模型,实证分析外资并购相对于国内并购对目标企业的效率的影响.结果显示:外资并购既没有提升目标企业的纯技术效率,也没有对目标企业的规模效率产生影响,而与之形成对照的是内资并购对目标企业的纯技术效率有显著的提升.     

多维距离对我国矿产资源企业跨国并购成败的影响 ——地理、经济、制度与文化

以跨国并购的方式获取对海外矿产资源的控制权,有助于保障我国矿产资源安全,推动国内经济高质量发展。基于我国矿产资源企业的跨国并购数据,利用二元Logit模型实证研究多维距离对我国矿产资源企业跨国并购成败的影响。结果表明:地理、制度和文化距离均对我国矿产资源企业跨国并购产生促进效应,且距离差异越大并购越容易成功;经济距离对并购成败的影响不显著。因此,我国矿产资源企业的跨国并购决策应充分考虑多维距离的影响,降低并购风险,又好又快地“走出去”。     

煤企股权重组模式下的增资问题解析

股权重组模式下如何对重组后的公司实施增加注册资本金是山西煤矿企业兼并重组整合后期工作的重要内容。实务过程中,增资受到被整合煤矿企业净资产状况和产权状况、原股东或实际经营控制人经济能力和投资意愿、采矿权价款处置办法等多种因素的影响制约。通过三种增资方式的分析指明了具体增资过程中可供参考的操作方法。     

技术并购对制造业企业创新持续性影响：基于吸收能力和利用能力的中介作用

中国经济已经进入高质量发展的转型升级周期,经济转型期是推动并购重组的内在动力,也是并购高发期.基于2013—2017年中国上市制造业企业面板数据,通过构建系统广义矩估计和双向固定效应计量模型,从产出和投入两个视角,实证分析技术并购对企业创新持续性影响.研究表明:①国内上市制造业企业创新存在持续性,企业更注重创新投入的持续性,企业创新产出持续性呈波动性变化且部分企业未能实现增长;②技术并购对企业创新持续性存在显著正向影响,吸收能力在技术并购与创新产出持续性和投入持续性间起到积极中介作用,利用能力仅在技术并购与创新投入持续性间起到积极中介作用;③大企业的吸收能力和利用能力的中介效应更为显著.因此,企业在通过技术并购提高企业创新持续性的同时,也要注重企业的知识吸收能力和利用能力的提升,从而保障技术并购成效,提高企业创新持续性.