质量控制与质量管理体系

质量控制是为达到质量要求所采取的作业技术和活动,质量管理体系是指确定质量方针、目标和职责,并通过质量体系中的质量策划、质量控制、质量保证和改进来使其实现的全部活动.质量管理从发展至今已经形成了许多理论,且大多都得到了各国各企业的广泛利用,有些企业也基于质量管理理论发展出了适合本企业自身的质量管理体系.但无论怎么发展变化,质量控制都是质量管理体系中最重要的环节.     

施工企业质量成本控制研究

当前建筑施工企业忽视质量成本的管理和控制，不能正确处理质量与质量成本之间关系，施工企业应加强质量成本控制，建立和健全质量成本组织体系，加强质量损失成本源分析，找出导致质量问题的原因，建立和健全质量成本核算体系，以及重视质量成本分析和改进质量成本的分析方法。     

加强科研设计现场质量管理

质量控制管理是为保证某一产品、过程或服务质量，满足规定的质量要求所采取的作业技术和活动。现场质量控制管理工作是对科研设计生产第一线的质量管理，也就是对从科研设计任务下达到整个科研设计工作完成的全过程中所进行的质量管理工作。质量控制的目的是，在质量形成过程中，控制各个过程和设计程序，实现以预防为主，达到设计规定的要求，以提高工作效率和经济效益。在工程设计过程中的质量控制，不仅控制设计结果，而且应控制影响质量的各种因素，尤其是要控制其中关键的因素，它们太部分活动都是在科研设计现场进行，从以     

全面质量渗透理论在物资管理中的应用

在当前多型号生产并存、生产任务繁重、生产周期紧迫的严峻形势下，物资供应质量的重要性就显得异常突出。然而，航天系统目前原材料供应质量远不能满足生产需求的现状已成不争的事实。因此，迫切需要在实际工作中探索出与现行ISO９０００质量保证体系相一致、又能与具体的物资质量管理相结合的质量管理模式，以改变这种不良现状。把全面质量渗透理论引入航天物资管理的工作实践，不失为一种切实可行的质量管理与控制的有效方式。所谓全面质量渗透就是把全面质量管理（TQC）的方法与理念作用于管理对象体系的一种理论的再运用。引入全面…     

基础工作在企业质量管理中的作用

质量管理是指在质量方面指挥和控制组织的协调活动，质量管理基础工作就是围绕着质量管理的全过程所开展的一系列最基础性的工作，它包括质量培训、信息工作、标准化、计量、质量监督等工作。如果把质量管理比作一座平地崛起的高楼大厦，那么质量管理基础工作就是这座高楼大厦的基石，质量培训是前提，信息工作是基础，标准化是依据。计量是手段，质量监督是控制，     

现代制造系统环境下的质量信息技术

企业为了确保在激烈的市场竞争中取胜，必须运用信息技术、计算机技术等先进技术提高企业质量管理的水平，增强质量保证和质量控制的有效性。现代制造技术系统CIMS的质量保证系统是在网络数据库的支持下，从产品设计、开发，到售后服务全生命周期中对质量有关的数据进行有效的采集、处理、评价和决策，对质量管理、质量保证、质量控制活动进行有效的管理，实现企业质量管理的整体优化．以达到全面满足顾客要求，提高市场竞争能力的目的。     

正确处理质量,进度和经费的关系

质量、进度和经费不是竭然对立的，将质量管理纳入型号系统工程管理中去，实行全面质量管理，正确处理质量，进度和成本的关系，可以缩短研制周期，合理控制研制经费，保证型号研制质量。     

地质生产研究质量控制

质量控制是质量管理的重要组成部分，也是验证质量认证实效的关键因素。根据石油地质科研单位质量控制的特点，运用ISO9000质量管理体系及系统科学的相关理论，从质量教育培训、必要管理思想和实现控制的关键步骤等三个方面，对生产研究质量控制的基本思路和方法进行初步探索和分析，为形成和完善生产研究质量控制系统提供参考。     

以质量为核心的项目管理

论述了质量与项目管理的关系，通过分析国防项目管理的特点，指出质量是国防项目管理的核心和重点，也是目标。只有通过明确质量目标，实施科学的项目管理，才能达到高水平的项目和获得高质量的产品。阐述了项目质量控制的范围、手段，以及项目质量管理要点。     

医疗质量管理体系中环节质量的建立与实践

医疗质量是医疗服务工作的核心。广义的医疗质量是指医院的整体医疗质量，包括基础质量。环节质量和终末质量。由于医疗质量是医院各项诊疗过程中诸多环节质量之间相互制约形成的，因此，环节质量的控制是医疗质量管理的重点。为了强化医疗工作的过程管理，提高环节质量，确保医疗质量的提高，中原石油勘探局总医院制定了确保终本质量，重点抓环节质量的医疗质量管理方案，同时，拟定出了切实可行的环节质量检查标准，并组织实施。现就医疗质量管理体系中环节质量的建立、组成及成效分述如下。建立健全医容反员管理组织体系，形成一整赛完目…     

企业和科研机构的合作创新效应——基于制造业数据的实证分析

利用1998-2006年间中国制造业的相关数据,采用回归方法研究了企业和科研机构的合作创新效应。研究发现：从行业层面来看,目前中国企业和科研机构的合作研发经费投入对创新的技术产出和经济产出的影响存在着滞后效应,并且这一影响显著为负。导致这一现象的主要原因在于目前的合作创新中存在着诸多问题,制约了合作创新效应的释放。完善合作创新机制是加快科技创新速度、提高自主创新能力的有效途径。     

Contributing to Global Management Knowledge: A Case for High Quality Indigenous Research

The major contributor to global management knowledge is scholarship in developed economies, especially in North America and Western Europe. The development of a global management knowledge base lags behind the globalization of business enterprises. With the emergence of many developing economies around the world, progress in building the body of global management knowledge could be enhanced by encouraging high quality indigenous research in these novel contexts. This essay is a complementary piece to the APJM Special Issue on Asian Management Research: Frontiers and Challenges (August 2002). It discusses three types of global management models through two types of context-sensitive research. It argues the need for high quality indigenous research, using the influential studies on management in the Chinese context as illustrations. It offers guidelines on conducting high quality indigenous research that produces contextualized knowledge on the one hand and contributes to global knowledge on the other.     

Using Focus Group Methods to Improve Students' Design Project Research in Schools: Drawing Parallels from Action Research at Undergraduate Level

Focus groups are increasingly used in industry to elicit data on product users' less tangible needs and associated product symbolism. This can have a considerable impact on a product's subsequent sales and hence is commercially extremely valuable design research. This paper provides an overview of an action research project which placed both a designer and an undergraduate designer, rather than a market researcher in direct contact with users in focus groups. The aim of the work was two-fold: firstly to develop a protocol for a designer to manage focus groups effectively, and secondly to see if this experience could improve the designer's ability to empathise with a range of users (socio-economic, culture, gender, age or abilities). In reporting the above, the paper also attempts to extrapolate the findings to a schools context; could focus group methods be used be used by students at a school level both as a vehicle for design research and as a learning tool? This paper provides a background to focus group methods, together with their advantages and limitations. The action research project is described and three case studies within it are outlined. The protocols developed are described. The final section of the paper looks at the degree to which this work could be extrapolated to schools level design work both in the United Kingdom and internationally.     

聚氨酯塑胶跑道研究进展

介绍了传统聚氨酯塑胶跑道的危害及中国MDI型聚氨酯塑胶跑道的研究进展,给出了聚氨酯塑胶跑道的研究趋势,对铺设和使用聚氨酯塑胶跑道的问题提出了建议。     

薯蓣皂甙元提取方法的研究进展

薯蓣皂甙元是薯蓣皂甙的水解产物,它是许多重要甾体激素的前体物质。介绍了薯蓣皂甙元的结构、化学组成和近年来的提取方法,综合比较了常规酸水解法、自然发酵法、超声法、酶水解法、超临界流体萃取法等方法的优缺点,认为超临界流体萃取法较为先进且对环境无污染,并对今后的研究方向提出了展望。     

绿色阻垢剂环氧琥珀酸聚合物的研究进展

随着人类环保意识的不断提高,绿色高效阻垢剂的合成与应用是水处理领域研究的发展趋势.阐述了绿色阻垢剂聚环氧琥珀酸及环氧琥珀酸共聚物的研究现状与阻垢机理,针对聚环氧琥珀酸在阻垢性能方面存在的问题,展望了环氧琥珀酸共聚物的研究前景.     

Rigor and Relevance in Asian Management Research: Where Are We and Where Can We Go?

Has our collective research effort focused on management in Asian contexts addressed salient questions and produced useful results? Where are we in terms of deepening and broadening our understanding of the antecedents, manifestations and implications of phenomena that are relevant in this region? What contributions have we been able to make to general theory and practice? Where should we be moving in terms of research focus, methodologies and contributions? This paper draws on 840 articles from 30 journals to assess the state of management research in Asian contexts. The basic conclusions are that too much of the research effort has been limited to simplistic comparisons, correlational analyses providing no insight into underlying processes, and skewed, idiosyncratic sampling. The result has been a lack of theory development and contribution to conceptual discourse beyond an audience specifically interested in Asia, with little relevance for management practice. This analysis points to clear recommendations for increasing both the rigor and relevance of this collective research effort, while at the same time acknowledging the considerable institutional and cognitive barriers to moving forward.     

A Citation Analysis of Management and Organization Research in the Chinese Context: 1984–1999

Since modern China was closed to the outside world until 1979, research on management issues within organizations operating in the Chinese context is a relatively recent phenomenon. In this study, we analyzed this body of research by performing a citation analysis on 226 research articles on this topic published in 20 leading English language academic journals over the past 16 years (1984–1999). The citation impact analysis identified the 52 most cited articles and the academic journals as well as the most influential authors on this research. We examined the issues or topics in these 52 influential articles and suggest some directions for future research.     

Improving Technology Education Research on Cognition

In the United States cognitive research about technology education for the general educational purpose of technological literacy has suffered from a lack of a coherent focus. Certainly, there are studies that have addressed cognition, yet analysts of technology education research have been unable to coordinate their findings in any meaningful way (Streichler 1966; Dyrenfurth & Householder 1979; McCrory 1987; Zuga 1994). There are several persistent problems facing technology educators that contribute to the inability to develop clear interpretations or generalizations of the relationship of cognition and technology education. If some of those problems are identified, then, perhaps, we can address them in order to devise directions and strategies for studying cognition in technology education.     

我国生态旅游理论研究评述与展望

生态旅游是国内外旅游及相关学科研究的热门领域。在我国工业化、城市化迅猛发展,生态旅游需求急剧扩张,旅游生态环境保护压力不断加大的社会背景下,重视生态旅游理论研究,积极探索生态环境保护和科学利用的有效途径有着非常现实的意义。文章简要分析了我国在生态旅游研究中的主要问题,总结归纳了生态旅游可持续发展的理论基础,提出了我国生态旅游未来理论研究的基本走向。