美国宪政史上的政治言论自由案——罗尔斯的观点

在一个民主社会中,言论及出版自由是宪法所保障的基本权利.但是对于政治言论自由,究竟哪些才是此类言论最关键的部分,以及对这类言论的规范该如何拿捏才算合理适当,都是各国宪政史上一个争议不断的课题.罗尔斯不同于早先的Meiklejohn从"自治"的立论出发,转而从社会正义的视角切入,为此类言论提供一个更合理坚实的基础.本文的主旨即在阐述罗尔斯对于政治言论自由的立场和观点.     

刍议网络社会中的言论自由——以“政府治理”为切入点

言论自由在很多国家被作为公民的基本权利写入宪法,通过这样的方式赋予其一国最高的法律保护。20世纪末以来,网络开始成为人们信息交流的新平台并开始逐渐改变我们的生活学习方式,这给政府对社会的管理带来了新的压力和挑战,网络社会中的言论自由以及政府的监管治理成为当今社会的重要研究课题。从言论自由的概念入手,分析我国网络社会中的言论自由以及对现阶段政府治理手段进行分析和研究从而提出对于政府治理网络社会中言论自由的完善措施。     

从“分业监管”到“混业监管”——德国金融监管体制的变迁

德国一向以严密的金融监管制度而著称。德国金融监管制度的形成,经历了一个从分业监管到混业监管的转变的过程。文章在概述德国金融监管体制特点的基础上,剖析了其金融监管制度变迁的原因和内容。     

关于“德国模式”的思考——从政府服务和社会管理方面看：“德国模式”为什么受推崇？

德国社会经济发展的成就被称为“德国模式”,中德两国虽然在国情上有很大的不同,但德方在政府服务和社会管理方面所坚持的价值取向和制度设计,对我国目前正在进行的社会管理创新有一定的借鉴作用。     

“德国奇迹”摇摇欲坠

<正>自从全球金融危机爆发以来,德国因为其在经济上的成功而受到其他国家的羡慕。德国是欧洲大陆失业率最低的国家之一,财政预算也接近平衡。德国还是欧洲制造业大国,其经常账户盈余可与中国媲美。但在9月举行联邦大选之前,德国出现了一些自满的迹象:制造业有丧失优势之虞,各大政党却都没有在竞选纲领中触及其中原因。德国制造业的成功是好运气和昔日经济改革附带作用的罕见结合。德国一直极大地受益于其在资本商品、豪华汽车以及化学品方面的历史优势,这些方     

电影网络融资模式之探讨——从中国首例网络融资案“淑芬凑份子”说起

电影《阿芬Mr.Fun》首次采用网络融资新模式,引起了全社会的关注。文章分析了韩国电影网络融资兴起的土壤以及衰落的原因,指出中国首例电影网络融资中存在的法律和制度风险。     

关于我国宪法司法适用的思考——再从“齐玉苓案”说起

虽然如今距“齐玉苓案”已有十一个年头,但有关宪法司法适用的讨论始终未淡出人们的视线。没有司法适用,宪法只能停留在纯粹的理论层面,国家就不可能实现宪政。但是目前宪法司法适用在我国仍然存在着许多的障碍,不可能一蹴而就。本文将从本国实际出发对宪法司法适用概念、宪法司法适用争论、宪法司法适用困境、宪法司法适用出路这五个方面进行探讨。     

张艺谋“深算”2000年前——从电影《英雄》说起

作为一个早过了追赶时尚年龄的人，特别是作为一个以理性来架构生活的人，在《英雄》横扫大江南北的时候．对那40元甚至是80元一张的电影票的边际效用几无犹豫地持一种坚决否定的态度。然而当不久前一个偶然的机会认真地看过这部电影之后．才猛然间觉得张艺谋可真是一个“英雄”，由此对张导演的敬佩     

从“大数据”到“智能数据”——剖析德国国家智能数据创新实验室的定位和模式

面对全球范围的大数据之争,德国具备信息技术产业及市场快速增长、信息技术服务业和软件业世界领先、传统制造业数字化基础良好等优势条件,亦有明显的结构性缺陷。为落实数字变革战略,实施数字议程,提升德国在大数据领域的核心竞争力,德国联邦政府联合科技界和产业界代表,启动了全新的国家尖端研究平台一一智能数据创新实验室,提出智能数据创新理念,通过推动产学研合作,对大数据进行进阶的智能化处理,以抢占未来的战略发展高地。本文对该平台的定位和模式进行了剖析,供国内有关部门参考。     

隐私权视角下“人肉搜索”的法律规制

“人肉搜索’作为一种新的信息搜索方武,是公民行使言论自由和信息自由的重要体现。本文从“人肉搜索”形成的原因入手,结合社会调查,分析“人肉搜索”对于公民隐私权的侵害状况,从隐私权和言论自由的平衡中寻找“人肉搜索”法律规则的方法。     

商业言论的法律保护——兼论广告表达权

商业言论是否得到宪法保护及应得到何种程度的保护,对此学术界存有较大的争议。以商业言论的典型表现广告自由表达为研究对象,通过其法律地位、特征、价值等方面的分析,认为商业言论不但受宪法保护,而且具有与政治言论平等的法律地位。     

Freedom of Choice and Poverty Alleviation

The Capability Approach (henceforth CA) views poverty as a multidimensional phenomenon that is not only characterised by lows levels of achievement in the various dimensions but also by a restricted opportunity to choose among different ways of life. The CA thus puts a lot of emphasis on (limited) freedom of choice as a crucial aspect of poverty. If poverty is seen in this way there are two ways to improve the situation of the poor: by broadening the set of opportunities open to them or by strengthening their ability to choose. The paper concentrates on the latter. Although the CA discusses several possibilities for strengthening the ability to choose it does not explicitly consider the role of enhancing the capability of choosing as a means of poverty alleviation. The paper summarizes which circumstances are seen in the CA as suitable for strengthening freedom of choice. Namely, the paper discusses the market as an institution that trains the ability to choose, democracy as a political institution that is based on freedom of choice and participatory methods as an attempt to build explicitly on freedom of choice of the participants. Two shortcomings in the theoretical conceptualization of freedom of choice in the CA are identified by discussing these institutions and circumstances: first, the interplay between social structures and individual agency is not modelled in much detail within the CA. Second, the CA does not provide an explicitly temporal model of agency. The paper takes a closer look at these shortcomings from a sociological perspective since the questions they raise are core questions of sociology. The problems are intertwined. In order to tackle the problem of social embedding in the CA one needs to introduce time and processes as well. Sociological approaches show how social structures evolve from the interaction of individuals. The paper gives an example of how sociological concepts of this interaction can be used for drawing a model of social work for strengthening the agency of the poor. The paper proceeds as follows: first the view of poverty as capability deprivation is presented. The second section gives an overview of the areas in which the CA discusses the strengthening of individual choice: the market, democracy and participatory projects. The third section elaborates on the shortcomings of the CA identified in the preceding section from a sociological perspective and introduces a concept of social work developed in a similar theoretical context. The conclusion summarizes the lessons and outlines further lines of research.     

The impact of Fisher's Purchasing Power of Money in the German Language Area

Abstract

The paper focuses on the reception of Fisher's Purchasing Power of Money in the German language area. Despite widespread hostility of German economists to quantity theory, it was Germany where Wicksell's Interest and Prices was published in 1898, and the first foreign language translation of Fisher's book appeared in 1916. The hyperinflation in the early 1920s contributed to a greater interest in Fisher's approach. Among those economists who took the equation of exchange not only as a heuristic device, but also made some notable contributions themselves were Schumpeter, Marschak and Neisser.     

The Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Limits

Companies are, in a broad sense, a group of different agents that have a relationship with shareholders, citizens, providers, and customers. In other words, they are known as stakeholders. Corporate social responsibility may help to establish clear boundaries among the different interests of the groups described above. In this paper, the authors will describe, analyze, and formalize the critical responsibility parameters, as well as the variables that shape them. Corporate social responsibility is proposed as a new management tool and not as a fashionable concept. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of corporate social responsibility will be analyzed in order to define a management model for achieving responsibility among organizations. Finally, the model limitations are presented, both in the verbal and the mathematical formalizations.

欧洲经济德国化对中日韩FTA的启示

欧元危机爆发以来,欧盟在经济结构、财政纪律等方面有德国化的趋势。借鉴德国的经验,在中日韩自由贸易谈判中,中国有必要在谈判中展现高度的技术性和灵活性,争取利益的最大化。     

论教育自由与人才培养的关系

本文横向解剖了以美国哈佛大学为例的自由教育,纵向分析了教育史上的几个重要时期,同时探讨了人的自由本性;通过对教育自由与人才培养之间关系问题的多角度分析,首次提出了教育的自组织理论。该理论认为：只有独立的、自由的、开放的教育才能够充分发挥其自组织功能,才能够培养出原创性人才;中国的教育要想能够培养出创造性人才,必须改变对人的生命和人的教育以及政治理性与教育理性关系的基本理念。     

Democracy and growth

Growth and democracy (subjective indexes of political freedom) are analyzed for a panel of about 100 countries from 1960 to 1990. The favorable effects on growth include maintenance of the rule of law, free markets, small government consumption, and high human capital. Once these kinds of variables and the initial level of real per capita GDP are held constant, the overall effect of democracy on growth is weakly negative. There is a suggestion of a nonlinear relationship in which more democracy enhances growth at low levels of political freedom but depresses growth when a moderate level of freedom has already been attained. Improvements in the standard of living—measured by GDP, health status, and education—substantially raise the probability that political freedoms will grow. These results allow for predictions about which countries will become more or less democratic over time.     

产融型企业集团：德国的实践及其对中国的启示

企业集团在世界各国经济发展中发挥了举足轻重的作用,本文将产融结合与企业集团有机结合起来,创新性地提出了产融型企业集团的概念,分析了德国产融型企业集团的发展情况及其特征,总结了德国产融型企业集团发展的经验及其对中国的启示。最后得出重要结论:中国需要借鉴国际经验,大力促进产融型企业集团的发展,这是提升中国企业和中国经济竞争力的重要手段。     

The distributional impact of unification and the 1992–93 recession on West German households

The 1992–93 recession in the western states of Germany has been attributed, in substantial measure, to the macroeconomic consequences of policies to finance unification. Studies of the costs of unification have not attempted to measure the burden of the recession. We estimate a dynamic, panel model of household incomes using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) and use it to forecast what these incomes would have been in 1992–94 without a recession. Using a ratio of actual to forecast incomes, we compare the relative burden of the recession across households. Our findings suggest that western households below the median income bore the brunt of the combined impact of unification and the recession of 1992–93.
JEL classification: P3, D3, E3.