共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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本文利用《中国城市(镇)生活与价格年鉴》提供的数据,分析了财产性收入在影响我国城镇居民总收入不平等中所处的地位和具有的特点。在此基础上,本文进一步研究了财产性收入内部的不平等和各部分对总体不平等的贡献率,以及个人所得税在财产性收入调节中的作用。研究表明,目前我国城镇居民财产性收入增长迅速,并且对总收入不平等的贡献率呈明显的上升趋势。此外,财产性收入差距不断扩大,其内部不平等情况十分严重,目前个人所得税对财产性收入不平等的调节效果不明显,今后仍有很大的调控空间。 相似文献
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《中南财经政法大学学报》2018,(1)
中国的转移性收入不平等,已成为居民总体收入不平等的重要原因,但学术界对转移性收入不平等本身的形成原因还缺乏足够的分析。本文利用中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)2011年的微观数据,考察了收入来源和家庭特征对转移性收入不平等的影响。研究发现,从收入来源来看,养老金和离退休金、医疗保险、住房公积金以及企业年金都成为扩大转移性收入差距的影响因素,家庭间转移性收入、政府补贴和失业保险可以在一定程度上缩小转移性收入差距;从家庭特征来看,城乡、地区和教育水平差异都是扩大转移性收入差距的因素。上述问题导致某些弱势群体的转移性收入反而更低,这表明转移性收入的分配机制存在偏误。据此,本文提出推进社会保障的全国统筹和城乡统筹,扩大政府补贴、失业保险和企业年金等转移性收入的覆盖面,对弱势群体设立专项转移支付项目和通道等政策建议。 相似文献
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对我国收入不平等与社会安定关系的审视 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从20世纪70年代开始,国外学者就收入不平等与社会安定之间的关系做了大量的实证研究,并提出各种理论加以解释,而我国目前这方面的相关研究还相当欠缺.在我国收入不平等明显加剧和政府提出建设和谐社会的背景下,研究收入不平等对社会安定的影响具有重要的现实意义.本文采用多元回归方法对我国1981-2004年的相关变量进行实证研究,发现无论用城乡混合基尼系数还是用城乡居民收入之比来测度收入的不平等程度,收入不平等均对社会安定产生了显著的负面冲击.因而,切实采取各种措施缩小贫富差距,使收入差距维持在绝大多数社会公众所能容忍的范围内,对建设和谐安定的社会环境具有重要意义. 相似文献
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目前,中国收入不平等,尤其是机会不平等的问题日益严重,影响了经济发展的速度和质量,成为了急需解决的重大问题。在数据分析的基础上,归纳目前中国收入不平等的现状,并从制度层面上提出缓解收入不平等的对策建议。 相似文献
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对提高我国居民财产性收入问题的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
胡锦涛同志在党的十七大报告中首次提出创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入,这充分说明国家让老百姓的财富保值增值、让老百姓拥有更多财富的决心。如何增加居民的财产性收入已成为当前重要的民生话题之一,同时也是我国政府面临的全新课题。文章从政府主管部门、金融行业机构和投资者个人三个方面,分析制约更多居民获得财产性收入的原因,提出增加居民财产性收入的对策建议,以期为相关部门制定政策提供借鉴。 相似文献
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张力实 《经济技术协作信息》2005,(18):6-6
上世纪初的意大利经济学家基尼,根据洛伦茨曲线导出了判断收入分配平等程度的指标,创立了基尼系数。基尼系数为零,表示收入分配完全平等:基尼系数为一,表示绝对不平等。在这一区间内,基尼系数越小,收入分配就越趋于平均:反之.则越趋于贫富不均。此后,基尼系数就成为人们观察分析一个社会收入分配问题的主要指标。有关国际机构还订立了标准:低于0.2表示收入绝对平均,0.2~0、3表示最佳平均状态,0.3~0.4表示正常状态,0.4为警戒线,0.4~0.5表明收入差距过大,0.6以上则表明收入悬殊使社会处于危险状态。 相似文献
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中国收入差距的走势和影响因素分析 总被引:193,自引:1,他引:193
中国收入差距在过去20年中持续扩大,对经济的持续增长、社会公正与稳定都提出了挑战。本文通过计量模型检验库兹涅茨曲线在中国是否存在,证明收入差距还有继续上升的明显趋势,但其下降阶段不能确证。同时模型分析发现有一系列因素对收入差距的扩大或缩小有重要影响。这包括经济增长方面的因素、收入再分配和社会保障、公共产品和基础设施,以及制度方面的因素。这说明有可能通过合理的政策调整来控制收入差距的继续扩大。文章讨论了这些发现的政策含义。 相似文献
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Sources of Inequality: Measuring the Contributions of Income Sources to Rising Family Income Inequality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We develop a simulation method for measuring the impact of changes in the distributions of the main income sources on growth in family income inequality. We simulate the entire distribution of family income under the counterfactual, “What if the distribution of each source had not changed?” The simulation method allows us to evaluate the impact of changes at any point in the distribution as well as with multiple measures of inequality. We incorporate married‐couple and single‐person families, appropriately accounting for changes in the proportion married. We apply the simulation method to investigate the impact of changes in male earnings, female earnings, and capital income on the distribution of family income in the United States between 1969 and 1999. We find that changes in the distribution of male earnings account for more of the growth in family income inequality than do changes in any other source of income. Changes in the distribution of female earnings have reduced family income inequality. 相似文献
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国际收入不平等变化的中国因素分析--基于控制人口因素的方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jiang Zhiyong 《经济研究》2005,40(11):68-75
中国的贡献是国际收入不平等程度从1978年到2000年呈下降趋势的主要动力,在20世纪80和90年代的部分年份中国因素的贡献率超过100%。通过控制人口因素的方法分析揭示,中国经济增长是中国因素变化的主要原因,人口增长是次要原因,但却是重要原因。20世纪80和90年代人口增长对中国因素变化的贡献率在31.8%和43.5%之间波动,经济增长的贡献率在56.5%和68.2%之间波动。所以,虽然中国因素推动国际收入不平等下降的主要源泉是经济增长,但人口增长的作用也非常重要。 相似文献
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Matthieu Clément 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2016,11(4):608
The economic literature has argued for a long time that income mobility could attenuate the degree of cross-sectional inequality by offering people opportunities to improve their socio-economic position. Using the longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 1989 to 2011, we measure income mobility as the degree to which longer-term incomes are distributed more or less equally than yearly income. Five main results are emphasized. First, there is strong income mobility in rural China that partly offsets yearly income inequality. Second, income mobility has decreased since the 2000s, indicating that income distribution is becoming more rigid. Third, mobility is mainly associated with transitory income fluctuations, particularly in the two tails of the distribution. Fourth, income mobility has an equalizing effect on income distribution. Fifth, we show that non-agricultural income mobility has substantially increased over the period and that its equalizing nature has also recently increased. While the development of the non-agriculture sector in rural China was a crucial factor in explaining the increase in rural inequality until the mid-2000s, we suggest that the large-scale generalisation of such non-agricultural opportunities partly accounts for the decline in rural inequality observed since the mid-2000s. 相似文献
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Haji Mat Zin RAGAYAH 《Asian Economic Policy Review》2008,3(1):114-132
The objective of this paper is to examine the changes in Malaysian income distribution during the last three and a half decades and the reasons for the changes. It was found that the Gini ratio for Malaysia peaked in 1976 and fell thereafter to 1990. However, inequality seems to reverse its direction since then. Policies that could explain the changes in income distribution include the promotion of export‐oriented industrialization, education, and training, and the restructuring of equity ownership and assistance in asset accumulation. While the various other redistributive measures in the form of rural development helped in poverty eradication, their effectiveness in redistribution needs to be improved. Several hypotheses have been forwarded to explain the widening of income inequality after 1990. These include the difference in the growth rates of incomes of the rural and urban areas, trade and globalization, and impediments to the process of internal migration. 相似文献