浅谈国际“名牌”的品牌运营策略

在先进的技术支撑和激烈的市场竞争压力下 ,企业应学习、应用先进的营销技术和理论 ,综合考虑市场需求、竞争状况及自身能力 ,选择合适的服务对象 ,并管理好客户关系组合 ,追求企业价值最大化。     

正确认识我国比较优势,适时调整经济和贸易发展战略

影响民营企业管理体制从家长式、家族式向公司化演变的主要因素是内部变迁需求和外部变迁环境。内部变迁需求决定企业体制需不需要变迁 ,是变迁内因 ,是随民营企业发展而产生的自发压力 ;外部变迁环境则决定其能不能变迁 ,是变迁环境 ,是企业主无法改变的 ,需要国家有所作为。     

复杂程度不同的劳动是创造价值的劳动吗?——兼论科技劳动的性质和作用

复杂程度不同的劳动并不是创造价值的抽象劳动,而是生产力特别高的具体劳动;它不属于价值源泉的问题,而属于劳动力价值生产、再生产问题。与此同时,科技劳动也不是创造高价值的劳动,而是创造高使用价值的劳动,不能以科技劳动所创造的价值为依据来确定科技和管理人员获得多少报     

运用高新技术对安徽传统产业进行改造的思考

随着生产力的发展 ,劳动的主体发生了从活劳动到死劳动到科学技术的演变 ,从而形成商品价值的主源泉也发生变化 ;衡量劳动的新标准是活劳动创造价值 ,死劳动创造和转移价值 ;坚持劳动价值论须承认生产要素的劳动化 ;劳动价值补偿形式是按要素分配。     

走近核心竞争力

本文通过对多因素模型在投资管理领域中的应用研究 ,揭示了多因素模型在风险控制、收益预测、指数化组合构建、投资策略选择等投资领域具有较广泛的应用前景。     

学习型企业管理的新角色—CKO

在后工业化时代,"知识"将替代设备、劳动、原料等传统的生产要素,成为企业价值创造和竞争优势的可持续来源。因此知识管理必然会植根于企业组织内,成为其日常管理必不可少的一部分。于是几乎等同于CEO、CFO的企业高级管理职位的CKO———知识主管(ChiefKnowledgeOfficer)便应     

注意力价值论

随着世界性高技术革命和产业结构调整与升级的浪潮 ,利用高校的科技成果、实验手段、人才、知识、信息以及周边优势等 ,采取多种形式发展高校产业 ,尤其是高科技产业 ,已成为世界经济界及高等院校普遍关注的一个热点。研究和探讨怎样建立有我国特色的高校科技产业 ,怎样把它建     

浅议劳动力市场的建设和发展

建立完善的劳动力市场 ,加速劳动力资源的有效配置是市场经济的客观要求。因此 ,笔者从就业形势、主观意识、客观需求、软件建设和社会保障等五个方面剖析当前劳动力市场的现状及所面临的主要问题 ,并从社会化、劳动监察、价格信息体系、社会保障及拓展就业岗位等五个方面提出     

外商在中西部直接投资的区位选择——以安徽省为例的实证分析

近来,研究外商直接投资在我国的区位选择的文献大量涌现,但大多以全国或东部发达地区为研究对象,对中西部欠发达地区的分析则很少。本文以中部地区的安徽省为例,采用系统的数据和计量经济模型对外商直接投资的区位因素进行了实证分析,表明外商在安徽投资的区位选择主要取决于     

我国银行保险发展的现状分析

加入WTO之后,中国民族保险业面临着巨大的市场竞争压力,中国民族保险公司应提高服务质量,开发新险种来应对市场并得以长远的发展。本文针对银行保险,分析了银行保险的优势、发展现状,进而提出了几点建议及应对措施。     

制造业工资低迷:人民币升值的真实原因

目前中国人民币升值最主要的原因是劳动力过剩导致劳动工资增长迟缓,特别是制造业部门的工资长期过低,导致出口的低成本和大量的贸易顺差,造成人民币面临升值的压力。改变和减慢这个趋势的主要措施,就是要提高制造业工人的工资。     

工资对个人劳动供给的非线性影响：部门市场化程度差异视角

从市场经济体制的建立到经济社会高质量发展，我国不同部门市场化程度有所差异，劳动供给的部门异质性随之体现。基于中国劳动力动态调查数据，结合汉森门槛回归模型和劳动供给模型，依托部门市场化程度的差异性，文章探讨了工资对劳动力个人供给的非线性影响及其部门异质性。主要得出以下研究结论：第一，我国市场部门与公共部门劳动力的个人劳动供给有所差异。第二，工资与个人劳动供给呈现非线性关系并且存在部门异质性。实证分析结果显示，工资对个人劳动供给的影响存在三个"突变点"，工资门槛均使得工资"激励效应"加强并呈现逐步增加的趋势。第三，劳动供给的工资门槛存在性别、城乡和行业异质性。第四，随着年龄增长、人力资本积累，个人劳动时间供给趋于降低，签署书面劳工合同使得市场部门劳动力工作时间显著增加，而政治面貌显著影响公共部门劳动供给。总体来看，无论是市场部门还是公共部门，我国劳动力个人供给曲线均未"向后弯曲"，国民经济高质量发展、改善收入分配格局、提升居民幸福感等议题需持续关注。     

Increasing Wages,Factor Substitution,and Cropping Pattern Changes in China

This article analyzed the influence of increasing wages on cropping patterns from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The results showed that the increasing labor cost provided a significant incentive to adjust the grain cropping pattern, which increased the production of the three major cereal grains but reduced the production of other grain crops. Increasing wages had a significant negative impact on cash crops. More labor-intensive cash crops experienced a larger negative impact in the context of increasing wages. The increase in labor costs also had a negative impact on the proportion of vegetables produced, which was more evident in northern China. A further mechanism test indicated that factor substitution was a significant reason for cropping pattern changes; this illustrated the substitution of labor by machinery not only between grain crops and cash crops but also among different cash crops.     

Offshoring and working hours adjustments in a within-firm labor market

Although a growing body of literature identifies the within-firm redistribution effects of trade, research on the adjustment processes in within-firm labor markets remains scarce. This study analyzes the within-firm adjustment of working hours and wages by considering workers’ educational background and gender in response to a change in offshoring. Matched worker–firm panel data in the Japanese manufacturing sector covering 1998 to 2014 are used. The analysis leads to the following three observations. First, offshoring does not significantly alter the skill premium and gender gap in terms of scheduled monthly salaries and scheduled hourly wages. Second, offshoring decreases skill premium in annual hourly wages, whereas it increases gender gap in annual salaries. Third, this uneven impact on annual variables arises from the different changes in overtime working hours: college graduates work longer with a lower overtime premium, whereas female workers do not increase overtime work.     

Economic effects of immigrants on native and foreign-born workers: complementarity,substitutability, and other channels of influence

The authors use Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) data constructed from 1980 census microdata files and other sources to estimate a structural model of native/foreign-born labor demand and labor supply which distinguishes the effects upon real wages of each type of labor and on the employment of natives. The authors specify, econometrically estimate, and simulate the structural model which incorporates not only a production structure channel through which immigrants influence area real wages and employment, but also demand and native labor supply channels. It is noted that while these are not the only channels through which immigrants may affect native workers, the model nonetheless constitutes a step in the direction of a general equilibrium approach. In the production structure channel, immigrants and natives are found to be substitutes in production. Immigration lowers foreign-born wage rates and leads to lower wages for natives. The negative effects of the production channel usually are ameliorated through the demand channel. Further, immigrants add to local demand through their earnings and potentially through non-labor income, while also lowering unit costs and local prices which enhances real incomes and potentially net exports, and thus the demands for local output and area labor. The author discusses findings of interest from the simulation results based upon an analysis of all areas.     

Heterogeneous workers and international trade

In this paper, I survey the recent theoretical literature that incorporates heterogeneous labor into models of international trade. The models with heterogeneous labor have been used to study how talent dispersion can be a source of comparative advantage, how the opening of trade affects the full distribution of wages, and how trade affects industry productivity and efficiency via its impact on sorting and matching in the labor market. Some of the most recent contributions also introduce labor market frictions to study the effects of trade on structural unemployment and on mismatch between workers and firms.     

Wage Effects of Employment Protection Legislation in Taiwan

This study investigates the effects of employment protection on wages. The implementation of employment protection legislation increases employers' firing costs and reduces labor turnover, and, therefore, results in lower wages. Our empirical results show that the implementation of Taiwan's leads to a reduction in wages, the effects of which varies with the stringency of the law's enforcement. In addition, employment protection can lead to a decrease in wage dispersion, implying the worsening of job matches.     

Do firms' political connections depress the union wage effect? Evidence from China

Our paper reconciles the debated literature on the role of the Chinese unions by exploring the heterogeneous effects of unionization on wages in firms with and without political connections. We utilize a survey of 1268 firms in 12 cities to verify our hypothesis that wages increase due to unionization, but this union wage effect is significantly depressed by firms' political connections. Through a detailed analysis of the mechanism behind the empirical results, we conclude that unions increase workers' wages by strengthening the bargaining power of workers, while this bargaining power can be weakened by firms' political connections. Our main conclusion is robust to a series of robustness checks. Moreover, the results from quantile regressions inform us that the union wage effect and the role of political connections may vary along with the firms' wage distribution. Our findings suggest that the solution to further increase wages for low-wage workers and reduce wage inequality is to make the labor union an independent organization which can freely bargain with firms in terms of workers' wages and benefits, rather than an agency subordinate to the government whose role can be affected by the government support and undermined largely by firms' political connections.     

工作时间、工资与效率之辨

当前,加班成为企业员工普遍的生存方式,资本收益过分压低劳动报酬已成事实。决定生产率的关键因素是员工做出努力的程度和性质。由于人的工作努力程度具有不确定性,因而工作时间并不意味着工作效率;低工资并不意味着低成本,高工资也可以带来高效率。     

The upswing of regional income inequality in Spain (1860-1930)

This paper studies the evolution of Spanish regional inequality from 1860 to 1930. The results point to the coexistence of two basic forces behind changes in regional economic inequality: industrial specialization and labor productivity differentials. The initial expansion of industrialization, in a context of growing economic integration of regions, promoted the spatial concentration of manufacturing in certain regions, which also benefited from the greatest advances in terms of labor productivity. Since 1900, the diffusion of manufacturing production to a greater number of locations has generated the emulation of production structures and a process of catching-up in labor productivity and wages.