二等水准网控制测量技术在地下工程中的应用

本文针对二等水准网在地下工程中的应用进行具体的阐述与说明,对二等水准网的精度进行详细的评定,对二等水准网在地下工程中的变形和沉降观测提出具体的方案,并根据二等水准网在地下工程中的实际应用效果,对二等控制网的改进和完善提出了相关的建议和意见。     

基于神经网络的建筑物稳定性时间预报分析

利用神经网络对GNSS数据进行高程异常拟合处理,以地铁地表沉降二等水准数据为检测数据,对拟合后的精度进行评定。在神经网络预测中,神经元的选择以及训练函数的确定,对建筑物稳定性评价起到关键作用。     

数字水准仪在二等水准测量中的误差来源及分析

二等水准测量属于精密水准测量,其精度要求高,在施测过程中,应对误差进行严格控制。文章结合使用数字水准仪进行二等水准测量的测算实例,逐层分析了误差来源,并提出相应的误差控制措施。     

三角高程测量在铁路线路复测中的应用

由于全站仪三角高程测量不受地形的限制,因此利用全站仪三角高程测量进行山区三、四等水准路线测量已经成为主要方法。文章主要介绍全站仪三角高程测量在山西中南部铁路通道ZNTJ-4标段水准线路复测中的应用,并对该水准线路复测结果进行分析。实践表明,全站仪三角高程测量完全可以取代三、四等水准测量,并有取代二等水准测量的趋势。     

厄瓜多尔索普拉多拉水电站机组法兰面安装测量方法探讨

厄瓜多尔索普拉多拉水电站机组法兰面安装采取常态混凝土(蜗壳基础部分)施工1~2m升程跟进作业,地下厂房下游墙的埋管与厂房机组肘管对接,与混凝土施工之间相互干扰较大,安装测量难度大。需要对法兰面的测量控制点与机组安装控制点进行联测,统一测量基准;法兰面的施工及验收需要直接入仓实施现场测量,现场加密控制点难以保留,考虑到蜗壳法兰面安装对控制点的精度要求,我们采用高精度全站仪坐标定向、二等水准法直接对压力钢管进行实时测量,效率高、且质量有保障。     

地铁高程控制网在沉降不均匀地区的布设

考虑到不均匀沉降的地质状况,结合地铁线路走向,为建立能够保证地铁施工使用且可靠的高程控制网,制定地铁一、二等水准网统一布网的方案,在保证高程控制网内符合性满足规范要求时,分析筛选找出稳定可靠且符合性好的起算点,并对平差结果进行分析。     

浅谈GPS控制网高程拟合精度

GPS控制测量高程拟合精度往往达不到要求的精度，在一些测区由于对控制点高程精度要求高，需要采用一定技术措施，在平原或小丘陵地带通过对GPS的技术处理可以达到三等、四等水准的精度。     

基于EGM2008模型确定的昆明地区似大地水准面精化

本文主要介绍了EGM2008模型与利用GPS水准点与EGM2008模型相结合进行大地水准面精化的方法。结合昆明市呈贡区部分GPS水准点数据在EGM2008模型的基础上利用GPS水准点与EGM2008模型结合计算出高程异常然后采用多项式拟合的方法拟合,最后对拟合后的结果进行了一个检验和精度评估。     

GPS水准精度评定方法分析

GPS技术的发展,特别是厘米级似大地水准面的发展,为GPS测量正常高提供了技术基础,然而把GPS测量大地高转换成正常高仍存在多种方法的优选问题。本文就GPS测量大地高转换成水准高的精度问题进行分析,给出了精度评定的具体方法,并提出四项提高GPS水准精度的具体措施。     

关于变形监测控制网的建立与精度分析

针对在变形监测工作中具有重要作用和意义的控制网,在介绍变形监测技术及其一般要求的基础上,提出监测控制网建立的要求和方法,并对精度进行深入分析,以此为实际监测工作提供可靠的理论依据,保证检测结果的准确性与可靠性。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。