委托代理视角下国有企业经营者道德风险的防范

随着公司法人治理结构在国有企业的逐步建立和规范,国有资产所有者和经营者之间建立起一种委托-代理的契约关系,作为代理方的经营者为了谋求自身效用最大化而损害委托人利益的道德风险现象日益突出.本文基于委托代理理论的视角,对国有企业经营者道德风险的表现及成因进行了分析,并认为要有效防范此风险需从强化监督力度、健全激励机制、加快职业化进程和加强思想道德教育等方面着手.     

社会主义市场经济与企业家队伍建设

建立社会主义市场经济体制后,企业成了市场竞争的主体,这必将对企业家的素质提出更高的要求,使经营者职业化成为必然.经营者职业化,需要多方面的配套改革,包括政府转变职能,建立完善市场体系,建立社会保障制度等综合改革.我认为,就我国的现状看,需要尽快从以下几个方面取得突破,以加快职业企业家队伍的形成.     

我国民营企业管理职业化进程的思考

本文从企业管理模式和企业生命周期之间的动态关系入手,结合我国民营企业所处的现实阶段,提出民营企业有必要实现由家族化管理向职业化管理转变,并对民营企业管理的职业化进程及其特征进行了深入分析,最后提出我国民营企业管理职业化进程的对策和建议。     

高职院校辅导员职业化建设实践探索

辅导员,是高等学校从事德育工作、开展大学生思想政治教育的骨干力量,其职业化建设水平直接关系到大学生思想政治教育工作的成效.然而当前,高职院校辅导员职业化建设还存在一些问题,本文将从转变观念、明确职责、提升素质、完善制度等方面展开论述,努力推进辅导员职业化建设的进程,提高辅导员队伍的工作水平.     

高职院校辅导员职业化建设实践探索

辅导员,是高等学校从事德育工作、开展大学生思想政治教育的骨干力量,其职业化建设水平的高低直接与大学生思想政治教育工作的成效挂钩.但目前高职院校辅导员的职业化建设存在着一些亟待解决的问题,本文将从转变观念、明确职责、提升素质、完善制度等方面进行论述,逐步推进辅导员职业化建设进程,提高辅导员的教育工作水平和效果.     

国有企业经营者市场选择机制初探

随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立和逐步完善,国有企业面临着经营者的选择问题、激励问题和监督问题,其中经营者选择问题尤为关键。国有企业经营者选择市场化,企业经营人才职业化,是建立现代企业制度、搞好国有企业的客观要求。一、企业经营者的地位和作用市场经济条件下,...     

社会工作职业化的推进策略

社会工作职业化的问题是我国社会主义市场经济发展不可回避的话题。本文分析了当前我国社会工作职业化的进程和发展特点,并根据当前我国社会工作职业化发展中存在的问题,提出了几点推动社会工作职业化的方法和策略,希望能对我国社会工作分工和职业制度体系的建立和完善提供参考。     

院长职业化：公立医院改革的必由之路

在现代医疗卫生领域面临严峻挑战和激烈竞争的大环境下,中国公立医院要走职业化管理之路,首当其冲的便是院长的职业化。目前中国公立医院院长存在着官员化、技术化、二元化和低水平化等问题,根据国外医院院长职业化发展状态,立足于中国国情对公立医院院长职业化的建设提出了合理化的建议,推进具有中国特色公立医院院长职业化进程。     

农民工职业化的实现路径分析

作为人口城市化的必由之路,农民工职业化不仅可以从根本上改变这一群体弱势地位,而且也是实现我国城镇现代化、解决三农问题的重要条件。通过相关调查分析,发现农民工职业化进程缓慢既有农民工自身知识能力不足的原因,也在于社会相关制度不健全的外在障碍制约。文章在分析农民工职业化的现实意义基础上,结合农民职业化,提出解决三农问题的分析框架。     

建立制衡机制 规范公司运作

一、加强企业干部队伍建设,建立充满竞争的经营者市场 近年来,宜昌在经营者队伍职业化建设方面进行了一些积极地探索,一是公开招聘企业经营管理者, 1996年在全市范围内公开招聘18名企业经营管理者,通过两年工作实践检验,均发挥了较好的作用,在各自的岗位上施展才华,促进了企业的振兴发展;二是强化企业经营管理者培训,明确规定,未经工商管理培训,不得担任企业领导职务。今年在全市 1200名学员中,有180名厂长(经理)参加培训,在提高企业领导干部素质的同时,有效促进了企业经营者队伍职业化建设。 二、完善监控体系,建立多元化的产权约束机制 从…     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.