中意经贸合作渐行渐近

提起中国和意大利的经贸往来,就不能不追溯到公元2世纪代表古文明的"丝绸之路"和700多年前的马可·波罗中国游。当时,马可·波罗跟随其父亲踏上了丝绸之路来到了中国,之后他的种种传奇故事便成为连接意大利与中国的桥梁。新时期,中意经贸关系快速发展。2004年中国和意大利双边贸易总额为157亿美元,同比增长33.6%。其中意大利从中国进口     

举牌，与成功更近一步

一年一度的中央电视台黄金资源广告招标即将于11月18日隆重上演，全世界所有怀揣雄心的广告主都在摩拳擦掌，跃跃欲试。因为，今年的招标不同以往，2008年北京奥运会的历史机遇将中国中央电视台以及中国的企业推向了全世界关注的前沿。2008年，将有更多的品牌通过中央电视台唱响世界。[第一段]     

Intensive growth strategies : A closer examination

The feasibility of modeling the effects of alternative growth strategies on market performance is the subject of this report. Intensive growth strategy alternatives are discussed in terms of key products and market variables and implied growth opportunities. Microanalytic relationships among growth strategy components are developed and then reformulated in terms of a cross-sectional econometric model. Three variations of this model are tested using the Profit Impact of Marketing Strategy (PIMS) data base. The results indicate that a main-effects model and a mixed model that allows for interaction effects among alternative growth strategies provide reasonable fits to the data. The results supporting the existence of interaction effects lend support to the contention that growth strategies are not totally divorced from one another and should consequently be considered in tandem when formulating strategy policies.     

A closer look at co-movements among stock returns

Correlation among financial assets is widely recognized; however, the mechanics of the relationship are not well understood. This paper investigates the microstructure of the co-movement of stock returns. The goal is to improve our understanding of correlation among stock returns by examining the conditions under which asset returns co-move on an intra-day basis. The methodology combines a traditional lead–lag model with a modified or pseudo-error correction model. Empirical evidence is presented to suggest the speed of adjustment between paired asset intra-day returns is a function of asymmetric information. Specifically, the wider an asset's spread, the faster the asset will converge to the intra-day returns of other similar assets. This result is consistent with partial adjustment model presented by Chan (Chan, K. (1993). Imperfect information and cross-autocorrelation among stock prices. The Journal of Finance:1211–1230.) which suggests market makers gain from monitoring other market makers in periods of uncertainty.     

A closer look at the productivity advantage of foreign affiliates

In analyzing firm productivity in Belgium, this article shows empirically that both scale and efficiency contribute positively to the typical productivity advantage of foreign affiliates. Stochastic production frontier estimation using the translog functional form indicates that foreign subsidiaries exploit economies of scale more fully and benefit from better (transferred) technological capabilities than Belgian national firms (i.e., Belgian owned firms without subsidiaries abroad). Belgian multinational enterprises (MNEs), i.e., Belgian owned firms with at least one subsidiary abroad, resemble foreign‐based MNEs in possessing specific technological advantages. While the increasing globalization has facilitated the realization of scale effects across borders, this article shows that the development of technological capabilities/advantages is still a prerequisite for MNEs to compete successfully abroad.     

Objects in the rearview mirror may appear closer than they are

This paper addresses the use of historical methods in the context of retail management studies. It acknowledges the research activity which has already taken place and the number of calls for further research which have been made. However, it also notes that historical method still remains an under-exploited means of understanding retailing. The paper explores the problems of integrating historical method within retail studies and the inhibitors which have restricted the use of this approach to research. The paper explores the problems associated with methodological assumptions and the future direction which historical studies may take if they are to make a contribution to retail management studies.     

Digital touch in sponsorship: Getting closer to the brand through virtual reality

Supporters are consuming more and more sporting events through digital platforms. Brands should adapt to these new consumption patterns in order to strengthen their connection with their customers. Today, researchers and practitioners can create more interactive and enjoyable experiences through virtual reality (VR) applications. Through two studies conducted on VR during sporting events, we show that mentally representing the touch experiences of players on the field reduces the psychological distance between the supporter and the player, which strengthens the supporter's attachment to the team and, through the same attachment, to the sponsor (Study 1). We also highlight that these positive effects of VR compared to real touch (using a player's jersey) is linked to the improvement of immersion, which stimulates touch imagery (Study 2). We discuss the implications of this research for theory and practice in the sports business and other sectors.     

Lobbying as a potent political marketing tool for firm performance: A closer look

This study endeavors to enhance political marketing literature about the impact of lobbying on firm performance. Our sample is composed of 140 U.S. firms and spans the years 2007–2014 to encompass the 2007–2009 recession and the subsequent recovery period. Our findings indicate that lobbying expenses positively contribute to firm performance. Also, government contracts in both ways, dollar amount and number of government contracts, act as mediators between lobbying expenses and firm performance. In addition, organizational slack moderates the relationship between lobbying expenses and government contracts. The managerial implications suggest that lobbying expenses can be leveraged as a potent tool for firm performance. Firms with larger lobbying efforts acquired both, higher dollar amounts and a greater number of government contracts.     

A closer look at similarity: The effects of perceived similarity and conjunctive cues on brand extension evaluation

Similarity between a core product and an extension product is regarded as a key success factor for brand extensions. However, a review of the literature reveals that the conditions under which high similarity is beneficial are unclear. In the first experiment, the authors test three models (the brand-attitude-transfer model, the incongruity-induced-affect model, and the “you cannot be good or bad at everything” principle) to predict the role of similarity. They find support only for the brand-attitude-transfer model. This suggests that high similarity is only beneficial when consumers evaluate brands favorably. Furthermore, little is known about how additional information provided by the supplier affects consumers' similarity perceptions without changing the extension product itself more than on a superficial level and without emphasizing common benefits. The authors compare the conditions of high and low core product/extension category similarity. Under the former condition, common peripheral advertising cues, similarity primes, portrayals of core products, and common peripheral design cues increase evaluations of extension products when the brand is evaluated favorably. Under the latter condition, these cues differ with respect to their effect.     

Keep it,shave it,cut it: A closer look into consumers’ video viewing behavior

The convergence of communications, information, entertainment, commerce, and computing—combined with a rising number of new services—has caused changes in the way people access and consume media. In recent months, the phenomenon of viewing audiences shifting wholly or partially from cable TV providers to over-the-top (OTT) media, also known as cord cutting or cord shaving respectively, has gained much attention. Despite anecdotal evidence of cord cutting and cord shaving presented in the trade press and industry conferences, there has been little rigorous examination of the true effect that cord cutting or cord shaving may have on TV networks and the media industry at large. In this article, we use behavioral data from a leading cable operator in the U.S. to identify and describe the key viewer segments. We also conduct simulations to examine the effects and implications of cord cutting and cord shaving from a customer lifetime value perspective for content providers, content distributors, and advertisers.     

建设城乡食品药品监督管理体系的实践与探索

针对如何建设城乡食品药品监督管理体系的体系,结合工作实际和调查研究,探索提出一些新的思路。     

会计审计与质量审核的完整性及差异分析

本文论述了会计审计与质量审核的完整性及差异分析.对财政部门履行财政监督职责,以确保财政资金分配和使用的合规性;税务部门履行税收监督职责,以确保纳税人纳税的及时性、完整性.指出了质量管理中相对于经济管理的不足和可以借鉴与改进的方向,以便使质量审核活动更有效率和更简化.     

中韩贸易发展与展望

中韩建交20年来,两国进入了直接贸易阶段。中韩经贸关系发展日新月异,但一些问题也变得更加突出,如贸易与投资的不平衡等,使双边关系可持续性发展面临着诸多挑战。与此同时,两国关系的发展又存在历史机遇。如何抓住契机,扩大交流与合作领域,实现双赢和地区多赢,是两国政府应该认真研究的重大课题。     

浅谈机械设备的管理与维护

大庆市自来水有限公司是大庆市最大一家转供水企业.公司以开展和谐创建活动为契机,确立新的发展思路,破解企业发展难题,公司紧紧围绕增收节支这个中心,以深化改革,建立现代企业制度为突破口,采取有效措施降低水损,增收水费,发展副业,保证了企业增效,职工增收,供水安全目标的实现.     

浅谈机械设备的管理与维护

大庆市自来水有限公司是大庆市最大一家转供水企业.公司以开展和谐创建活动为契机,确立新的发展思路,破解企业发展难题,公司紧紧围绕增收节支这个中心,以深化改革,建立现代企业制度为突破口,采取有效措施降低水损,增收水费,发展副业,保证了企业增效,职工增收,供水安全目标的实现.