A Resource-based View of Innovativeness in Small Firms

The resource-based view is presented here as the theoretical framework for empirical research on the determinants of technological innovativeness in small firms. These determinants include the characteristics of the owner/manager (O/M) and the firm and some technological assets (resources and capabilities). Evidence based on case studies is used for the evaluation of their effect on innovativeness and their interaction. The study highlights the key role of the O/M and the importance of some of his/her characteristics. It also shows the impact of certain resources and capabilities. The O/M emerges as the orchestrator of resource accumulation and capability development in the innovative firms.     

基于资源基础观的企业控制权配置论

企业的控制权配置行为是获取和维持持续竞争优势的战略性行为,企业中各要素所有者根据自己所掌握的资源是否具备成为战略性资产的充要条件而进行讨价还价来配置控制权。由于在企业成长的不同阶段符合战略要求、能够成为战略性资产的资源并不相同,由此导致了企业的控制权配置是一个动态演进的过程。     

Small Leading Firms*

We formally analyze the question of whether a price leader must control a large share of the market. Our main result is that if other producers have rising marginal costs and behave as price takers, even the smallest firm in a competitive industry with a rising supply curve can enhance its profits by cutting output and raising price, becoming a price leader. Therefore, we would expect pure competition to be destroyed under these technological conditions.     

资源基础演化视角下的后进企业技术追赶战略

本文从资源基础观的演化视角对后进企业的技术追赶进行分析,认为后进企业技术追赶及技术能力的形成归根到底是内生的演化过程。后进企业的技术追赶战略是通过建立联系、资源杠杆化利用和技术学习来进行的,其最初获取的资源具有不太稀缺、可以模仿和可以转移的特点,后进企业通过战略性地进入一个资源可以获得并且可以模仿与转移的行业,并且通过对所获得的资源进行杠杆性地利用,来实现技术追赶。     

高新技术企业融资方式、治理结构与技术创新能力关系研究

高新技术产业的发展对全球经济产生了重要的推动作用,但对于高新技术企业而言,制约其发展的一个重要障碍就是融资问题。风险投资是一种特殊的投资形式,与传统的债务融资对比,风险投资不仅为企业提供必要资金,还会参与企业的内部管理,对企业的治理结构产生影响,进而影响企业的技术创新能力。     

股东资源-资源基础理论的研究新视角

文章基于文献回顾对资源基础理论的发展脉络进行梳理,总结了资源基础理论的研究现状。尽管近些年资源基础理论逐渐步入成熟阶段,学术界仍然存在对该理论的诸多批评,如研究对象的片面性、对“资源-竞争优势”的作用过程分析不深入、忽视资源所有者的作用等。对此,文章通过对企业资源的获取与利用过程的分析,提出基于资源的组合特征、考虑资源的产权属性且将资源观与公司治理相结合等研究思路,可以作为未来深入研究的方向,并在此基础上提出“股东资源”的概念。基于“股东资源”的研究关注企业资源的来源,不仅将“企业资源”的概念向更深层推进,深入分析资源背后的人（即股东）的特征对资源作用的影响,也更好地解释了不同类型的股东在公司治理角色、权力配置与参与积极性等方面的差异性。“股东资源”概念的引入,不论是对资源基础理论还是公司治理理论来说,都意味着一个新的研究视角。     

Small Firms and Unemployment in a Two-sector Model

This paper presents a two-sector model of an economy – one sector consisting of large firms with institutionally determined wage (the Formal sector) and the other sector consisting of small firms (the Informal sector). The paper examines the effects of changes in benefits, entrepreneurial zeal, and the institutionally determined wage in the Formal sector on unemployment. It concludes with brief comments on the role of aggregate demand and supply policies in reducing unemployment in this economy.     

大力发展中小企业的对策研究

中小企业不但在数量上占绝对优势,而且在促进国家经济增长、稳定社会、安置就业、发展地方经济、技术创新等方面,都有不替代的战略地位与作用。但影响和制约我国中小企业生存与发展的困难与问题还很多,必须构筑支持中小企业发展的金融体系,建立中小企业管理、研究机构,实行特殊优惠政策,发展中小企业技术创新风险投资。     

资源学派的战略管理思想及其启示

资源学派的战略管理思想可概括为:构建企业竞争优势的重心应放在对稀缺资源和能力的整合和控制上;战略联盟是整合企业的资源与能力,形成战略优势的有效途径;确认战略成功的关键因素应当去寻找企业内部积累形成的特殊资源;企业竞争优势的保护要靠持续的创新能力;归核化是多元化发展的方向。根据资源学派的理论,结合我国企业的实际,本文提出我国企业的战略管理的理念应从“伺机而动”转向“量力而行”,通过技术创新能力和专利保护的战略互动机制构建企业可持续的竞争优势,把企业整合资源与能力的重点从战略并购转向战略联盟,鼓励和支持归核化的战略并购。     

创业型经济与中小企业管理持续创新

管理科学知识的广泛应用和市场经济体制的逐步建立,催生了我国的创业型经济;创业型经济的快速发展,客观上要求中小企业管理必须持续创新。面对竞争日趋激烈的国内外市场和日新月异的知识经济,为了生存发展,把企业做大做强,中小企业必须持续进行管理思想、管理模式、管理体系、管理内容、管理方法和管理手段的创新,逐步实现企业知识化、信息化和管理科学化、现代化,最终全面提升企业管理水平和核心竞争能力。     

商业集团从属企业双重资源获取与成长绩效的关联机理——基于资源观的结构性观点和跨层次研究

基于资源基础理论,将架构理论与跨层次模型相结合,利用调研数据剖析了商业集团从属企业的内、外部双重资源获取与成长绩效的关联机制。研究结果表明:双重资源获取对从属企业成长绩效具有显著的促进作用;集团成员网络资源异质性对双重资源获取与成长绩效的关系具有调节作用;从属企业的资源整合能力对双重资源获取与成长绩效的关系具有中介性调节作用;内部资源获取、资源整合能力和集团内部网络资源异质性三者对从属企业的成长绩效具有结构性影响,而外部资源获取、资源整合能力及集团内部网络资源异质性的结构性效应不显著。     

Why are Small Firms Different? Managers’ Views

Do incentives differ between large and small organizations? Results from a representative survey of compensation managers are used to shed light on the issues. I find that (i) small establishments rely less on pecuniary incentives, and have a significantly more hostile attitude towards incentive schemes based on competition and relative rewards; (ii) large units are more vulnerable to mechanisms of efficiency wages, effects that remain even after controlling for differences in monitoring ability; (iii) large units are more prone to indicate that negative reciprocity is important, and that their employees care about relative pay. I argue that these findings fit with behavioral stories of incentives and motivation, in particular those stressing group interaction effects, inequity aversion and gift exchange.     

中小会计师事务所审计风险防范分析

本文围绕小规模企业的审计风险特点,从行业和制度上分析了中小会计师事务所审计质量差的原因,同时针对其审计风险的防范提出了相应的建议。     

A Vicarious Innovativeness Scale for 3G Mobile Services: Integrating the Domain Specific Innovativeness Scale with Psychological and Rational Indicators

The paper aims to validate a vicarious innovativeness scale for its usefulness in understanding and predicting third generation (3G) mobile services acceptance. Illustrations are based on a survey of 150 young people, and structural equation modelling techniques were used to analyse the data. In this paper: (1) the relevant literature is reviewed; (2) a theoretical framework is built, and hypotheses proposed based on consumer innovativeness theory; (3) the results of an empirical survey designed to test these hypotheses are presented; and (4) it concludes with a general discussion and proposed directions for future research. In this study, the psychometric characteristics and criterion (predictive) validity of the scale are evaluated in order to support claims that domain specific innovativeness scale integrated with psychological and cognitive items could be used to research this domain of consumer behaviour. Evidence for a unidimensional measure of vicarious innovativeness is provided.     

对大企业与中小企业技术创新优劣的探讨

大企业与中小企业都是技术创新的重要源泉，都具有不可或缺的重要作用，为促进技术创新的发展，必须共同促进二技术创新；但由于大企业与中小企业存在着技术创新优劣势的差异，二的创新障碍不同，因而对策也应不同。本根据对二技术创新优劣理论的分析和对我国企业技术创新障碍现状的分析，认为大企业主要存在着外部体制障碍和内部机制障碍，中小企业主要存在着能力障碍和风险障碍，并提出针对性的对策建议。     

高技术中小企业间接融资方略

我国高技术中小企业在间接融资市场上面临资产信用严重不足、财产可抵押物少、抵押难等阻碍。美英距离型模式比较日德关系型在建立良性循环的间接融资体系方面具有明显优势。我国高技术产业间接融资的发展模式应当以较为完善的间接融资风险分担体系为目标指向,以美英距离型间接融资模式为基本模式指向,并建立以信用担保机构和中介组织向银行担保为主、个人资产担保为辅助的担保体系。     

规范运作:中小企业信用担保业发展的根本

中小企业融资困境制约了中小企业的发展.成立中小企业融资信用担保机构,为中小企业融资提供了外部的保证条件.但我国的中小企业信用担保事业起步较晚,还存在着法律法规不健全、经营管理不规范、承担的风险较大等多方面的问题.本文从加强法制建设、扩展资金来源、加强对外合作、防范风险等多个层面提出了信用担保机构的可持续发展的对策.     

Resource-based industrialization in the developing countries: A survey

This survey at

shed light on the potential contribution of industrialization based on resource processing to efficient growth, employment creation, greater equity and economic independence. The use of capital-intensive methods to reduce raw material costs appears to confer comparative advantage on countries with cheap capital. Lower transport costs due to substantial weight reduction in processing may counter this advantage for some stages of processing, but does not universally favor LDC exporters. Most major producers export sufficient quantities to achieve scale economies typical of resource processing, but economies of scale are a barrier in processing for the domestic market in all except the largest LDCs. External economies of industrialization are also thought to favor processing in the industrial countries, but potential linkages could stimulate some complementary investments in LDCs. Because resource-based industries are not impressive contributors to direct or indirect employment creation, they are likely to perpetuate the pattern of dualism and inequality present in typical resource-rich countries.Third-world exporters may be barred from entry into resource processing by the dominance of multinational firms in the metals and petroleum industries; by shipping conference freight rates that discriminate against processed commodities; and by importing country tariff structures that provide substantial effective protection against many LDC semi-processed exports. Processing of natural resources for export tends to continue the broad pattern of trade, financial and technical dependence of developing countries, although market dependence may decrease at some stage of processing. Home-oriented processing avoids market dependence, but cannot escape outside dependency on technology, management and finance.     

“双能力”视角下企业竞争力与市场规模的互动机理

从"双能力"的视角研究了企业竞争力与市场规模的互动机理。利用数值模拟方法,分不同情况研究了T值、企业竞争力与市场规模之间的互动关系。结论如下:企业对T值的判断能力显著影响企业竞争力;T值影响市场规模,进而决定市场所能容纳的企业数量;在T值高的经济体中,民营企业更具优势,在T值低的经济体中,国有企业更具优势。