教师的组织承诺及对工作努力度和满意度的影响

教师是学校生存和发展最为宝贵的资产,教师管理是学校管理的一个重要的部分。学校对教师的管理越发受到重视。组织承诺是组织行为学研究的一个重要概念,对于组织的生存和发展十分重要。以教师的特点为出发点,分析了他们的组织承诺的影响因素及形成过程。论述了组织承诺对教师工作努力度和满意度的影响,并就如何改进管理方式、提高他们的组织承诺进行了探讨。     

组织承诺形成过程及策略分析

组织承诺研究是当前组织行为和人力资源管理领域中兴起的一个新的热点课题。本文在前人研究成果的基础上,对组织承诺形成的过程进行了分析,提出员工组织承诺的形成过程是员工与组织之间以及员工与员工之间博弈的过程,员工的连续承诺、规范承诺和感情承诺的最终形成是多次博弈的结果,并具有时间上的持续性和阶段性。企业在不同的组织承诺形成阶段有的放矢,采取不同的策略将有利于提高承诺度。     

企业员工组织承诺和工作绩效的相关研究

本研究以浙江绍兴某集团下属的5个子公司的320名企业员工为研究时象,根据调查问卷数据,分析发现:在规范承诺与继续承诺方面,不同学历和工龄员工具有显著差异.在情感承诺方面,不同工龄的员工显著差异.学历显著影响着人际互动、职业道德与工作效能.不同工作地点员工在规范承诺、继续承诺之间差异显著,但是与情感承诺无关.工作地点与工作绩效的各个维度都有显著差异.组织承诺各维度与工作绩效各维度之间存在显著相关.本文还尝试分析了增强企业员工情感承诺和规范承诺以提高员工工作绩效的相应措施.     

博弈视角：员工组织承诺的构建

文章的研究立足于员工组织承诺形成的过程，提出员工组织承诺的形成过程是员工与组织之间以及员工与员工之间博弈的过程．员工的连续承诺、规范承诺和感情承诺的最终形成是多次博彝的结果．并对这一博弈过程进行的分析论证。由此，在员工组织承诺形成的过程中，企业是能够以构建单个员工连续承诺为基础、逐步形成整体员工的规范承诺、最终形成员工的感情承诺，以此脉络来构建员工组织承诺．在不同的员工组织承诺形成阶段有的放矢，采取不同的策略将有利于提高承诺度。     

心理授权在工作再设计与组织承诺之间的中介效应研究

金融危机变革环境下（如失业潮）,员工的组织承诺容易降低。文章在工作再设计、心理授权与组织承诺之间构建模型,通过工作再设计和心理授权来影响变革中员工的组织承诺。共有15家企业共292位员工有效参与了问卷调查,假设检验的通过证明了：工作再设计对员工的组织承诺有显著影响。心理授权在工作再设计与组织承诺之间起中介作用。调查也证明了：工作再设计对员工的组织承诺影响中,外控型员工比内控型员工所受影响更为显著。     

职场隔离对服务质量与工作满意度的影响--情感承诺的中介效应

职场隔离可能会给员工造成压力、焦虑、失眠等生理与心理问题,影响组织成员之间的有效协作,导致群体性反生产行为与极端的群体性事件。但是,职场隔离的国内研究尚属空白。文章采用层级回归方法,研究了职场隔离对工作结果的负面影响。实证结果显示：情感承诺对职场隔离与服务质量的关系起到了部分中介作用,所以情感承诺有利于减弱职场隔离对服务质量的负面影响。职场隔离与工作满意度负相关,情感承诺对职场隔离与工作满意度的关系起到了完全中介作用,所以情感承诺可以完全消除职场隔离对工作满意度的负面影响。本研究对于企业识别职场隔离和消除职场隔离的负面影响有一定的指导作用。     

知识员工组织承诺实证研究

组织承诺是企业管理中比较重要的问题,本文通过对知识员工组织承诺的实证分析,得出知识员工组织承诺的构成维度,并为人力资源管理的实践提出一定的政策建议。     

领导-成员交换理论对员工绩效及情感承诺的影响

文章以酒店员工及其直属领导为样本,探讨了在中国文化背景下,领导-成员交换对员工的工作绩效及组织情感承诺影响,并采用相关分析和结构方程模型技术对问卷调查结果进行了分析.研究结果表明,领导-成员交换对工作绩效及组织情感承诺有显著的正向影响.     

工作激励潜能、工作满意及组织承诺的关系研究

有效的工作设计,使工作富有挑战性和重要性,能使员工对所从事的工作感到满意,进而对组织产生正面的情感性反应,而乐于为组织贡献其心力.本研究运用问卷调查的方法,用spssl5.0软件对数据进行相关分析、方差分析和回归分析,提出并验证了假设.结果发现,激励潜能分数(MPS)与工作满意及组织承诺呈现显著的正相关,且工作特征会透过工作满意的中介效果,间接影响组织承诺.希望借助探讨工作特性、工作满意与组织承诺之间的相关性,给企业工作设计以相关参考与建议.     

制约民企发展的员工组织承诺因素及其提升

制约我国民营企业发展的因素有许多，员工组织承诺是其中之一。由于“内部人一外部人”的划分，员工个人职业生涯的不确定性，社会保障和劳动保护制度执行不力，人力资源管理的随意性等原因，影响了我国民营企业的员工组织承诺，我们必须从政府层面、企业层面和社会化层面等多方面入手，以提升我国民营企业的员工组织承诺度，推动我国民营经济的发展。     

Job Opportunity, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention

This paper explores the turnover intention and its determinants in terms of job opportunity and organizational commitments etc.. Using a sample of 196 respondents from self-report questionnaires which were randomly selected among workers in one firm, the hypotheses were tested. Job opportunity has significant positive influence on turnover intention. Affective commitment has significant negative influence on turnover intention, but continuous commitment does not.     

基于组织承诺的企业绩效管理研究——以甘肃昆仑生化有限责任公司为例

组织承诺是影响企业绩效的关键因素,文章通过实证研究的方法,选取昆仑生化有限责任公司为对象,研究企业组织承诺与工作绩效之间的关系,研究结果显示:该企业组织承诺显著正向影响工作绩效,该企业应提高情感、规范、理想承诺水平。     

Sex,Race, and Job Satisfaction Among Highly Educated Workers

There has been a considerable amount of work focusing on job satisfaction and sex, generally finding that women are more satisfied than men despite having objectively worse job conditions. But there is little evidence on whether job satisfaction differs by race or ethnicity. We use data from the 2010 National Survey of College Graduates to examine the relation between job satisfaction and race and ethnicity among Asian, black, Hispanic/Latino, and white workers. Overall job satisfaction does not differ by sex among college graduates. Relative to white workers of the same sex, Asian and black workers are far less satisfied. The lower satisfaction of Asian and black workers relative to white workers is not explained by immigrant status, job match, or other individual or job characteristics.     

Job Satisfaction and Contingent Employment

This paper analyses job satisfaction as an aggregate of satisfaction with several job aspects, with special focus on the influence of contingent-employment contracts. Fixed-effect analysis is applied on a longitudinal sample of Dutch employees in four work arrangements: regular, fixed-term, on-call and temporary agency work. Our results indicate that temporary agency work is the only contingent employment relation that is on average associated with lower job satisfaction compared to regular workers. Decomposition of this gap indicates that the major part is due to the low satisfaction experienced by agency workers regarding the content of their jobs. A lack of job security is also responsible for part of the gap. For fixed-term and on-call workers the negative satisfaction effect originating from the lack of job security and lower wages is compensated by other job aspects and a variant relationship between total job satisfaction and its components. However, male and high educated on-call workers do experience lower job satisfaction.     

Working hours and job satisfaction in China: A threshold analysis

This study utilizes a threshold model to examine the nonlinear relationship between working hours and job satisfaction, using the open-access data of the 2018 China Family Panel Studies. We address the endogeneity of working hours utilizing an instrumental variable-based two-stage residual inclusion approach. The threshold model shows that the effects are indeed different. Working more than 9 h reduces workers' job satisfaction, and these reductions are even greater among those working more than 12 h. Heterogeneous analysis reveals that working long hours reduces the job satisfaction of female employees more than that of their male counterparts; the job satisfaction of unmarried individuals is unaffected by how long they work, whereas that of married workers declines when they work longer hours. Also, although the job satisfaction of wage-employed workers falls with an increase in the number of hours worked regardless of how long they work, that of self-employed workers falls only when they work more than 12 h. Poor physical health mediates the adverse effects of long working hours on job satisfaction. Finally, working long hours reduces individuals' short-run hedonic well-being but does not affect their perceptions and feelings towards various facets of life in the long run.     

一线服务员工努力意向影响因素研究

在对一线服务员工的努力意向的各种影响因素进行文献回顾的基础上,文章认为学者们的研究视角大体可分为动机视角和承诺视角。并从动机视角的相关研究中整理出5个方面的驱动因素即：组织支持、员工个性特质、工作中的社会性支持、工作相关特性和顾客积极反馈。其中,3种顾客积极反馈行为是最新的研究进展。另外,文章还识别出一些影响驱动／承诺因素——努力意向这一关系的调节因素和中介因素。最后,文章提出了未来的研究方向。     

Alternative Work Arrangements and Job Satisfaction

The pressures of traditional jobs on working families, along with an aging population facing financial need, have contributed to heightened interest in the percentage of workers participating in alternative work arrangements. These include working as an independent contractor or self-employed, and those employed by others on-call, through temp agency, or as contractors. Examining job satisfaction across work arrangements by occupation and gender is one way to investigate a potential increase in the supply of such workers. Higher job satisfaction may indicate that more workers will select into these work arrangements and away from traditional jobs in the future. If this is particularly true for women, it has important implications for firms that would like to retain more women. Moreover, changes in how individuals earn a living may impact the social safety nets of such workers and their families given the nature of how such benefits are provided in the U.S. economy. This study utilizes recent waves of the General Social Survey to explore job satisfaction for workers in disaggregated alternative work arrangements, while controlling for both occupation and gender. The study finds that female workers who are independent contractors and self-employed are more satisfied with their jobs than those in regular salaried jobs, even those in nonprofessional occupations. Job satisfaction for those who work in temp agencies, do on-call work or work for contractors is no different than for those in regular jobs, regardless of occupation and gender.

     

国内外政府雇员定量研究回顾与管理意涵

政府雇员的议题近年来受到研究者的热烈关注,然而大部分的研究多半是针对政府雇员的制度做评估论述,以定量调查方式完成的研究并不多,文章尝试归纳整理出现有的政府雇员定量研究的讨论议题。包括了组织承诺、组织公民行为、薪酬满意、工作满意、工作绩效、组织信任与心理契约等,并在这些相关的研究发现中,从报偿机制、人际网络、沟通管道、用人甄补等方面讨论相关的管理意涵,以提供给政府当局在雇员相关人力资源管理措施规划制定上的参考。