消费类电子产品供应链中的博弈问题综述

当供应链中的某个成员的某种行为发生变动时,会使整条供应链产生波及效应。不同的行为类型产生的波及效应的大小以及方向会有所不同,其相应的应对管理策略也就不同。因此,对供应链中各节点成员博弈行为的研究是整个波及效应研究的基础。本文将按照消费类电子产品供应链中从上游至下游这一顺序,分别介绍供应商与制造商,制造商与零售商,以及当供应链中加入为终端顾客提供服务之一因素时,制造商与零售商之间的博弈问题,旨在为供应链的波及效应的研究提供一定的参考。     

国家工程技术研究中心运行模式及路径选择研究

各国家工程技术研究中心的运作与经营模式具有不同的特点。本文从利益博弈机制和产权分析的角度,对国家工程技术研究中心的不同运行模式进行了理论阐述,并对其与依托单位、下游企业、科技部等相关利益主体的关系及路径选择基础进行了充分论证,指出当前研究中心的运行机制和模式是各利益相关主体利益博弈取得均衡后的结果,最后在此基础上从产权改革和外部支撑环境两方面提出政策建议。     

供应链金融缓解中小企业融资困境的优劣

中小企业的融资难题是阻碍其健康发展的主要原因。供应链金融打破了传统单一授信的信贷模式,对传统融资模式进行了创新,为解决中小企业融资难题提供了新途径。文章首先构建中小企业与金融机构信贷博弈模型,研究中小企业融资困境的成因,对比有无供应链时中小企业融资环境的差异,以此展现供应链金融对缓解中小企业融资困境存在的优势;并进一步构建供应链中的企业联盟与金融机构博弈模型,来阐述供应链金融在缓解中小企业融资困境存在的劣势。最后,对当前发展供应链金融缓解中小企业融资困境提出了若干意见。     

不同力量对比供应链中制造商竞争策略研究

笔者采用纳什博弈和斯坦伯格博弈结构,分别表述力量对等和力量不对等供应链中零售商和制造商的决策过程,分4种情形探讨了2个制造商在不同竞争策略下,供应链中成员的最优决策。从制造商的角度出发,着重分析在不同力量结构的供应链中制造商的竞争策略选择。研究结果表明:制造商竞争策略的选择依赖于产品的差异性及生产成本的大小。     

供应链合作的动态过程及合作契约

分析了供应链合作的关联要素及动态过程，认为供应链合作是一个合作目标、关联要素、合作行为的互动过程。对供应链合作进行了博弈分析，得出了不同契约下的均衡结果及相关结论。     

敏捷供应链中信息传递机制的博弈分析

对敏捷供应链中信息传递的机制进行了研究,分析了敏捷供应链中存在的信息不对称产生的原因,以及由此引起的逆向选择问题和道德风险问题。并针对一个简化的供应链,建立了单向多级信号博弈展开模型,以研究供应链的各环节在信息不对称的环境下进行信息传递的真实决策过程,为敏捷供应链中各企业的行为决策提供了支持。     

基于银企联盟供应链的中小企业融资分析

融资困难困扰着中小企业的生存与发展,解决这个问题需要创新的思路.银企联盟供应链的核心企业作为担保方,将从合作银行获得的信用额度分配给中小企业,使其获得贷款的模式,能够较好地克服信息不对称产生的银企间的博弈行为,在解决中小企业融资困难的同时,降低银行信贷风险,维护供应链的稳定与安全,获得中小企业与核心企业、银行的多赢结果.     

基于中药安全探讨中药材供应链管理模式

中药安全日益受到人们的重视。中药安全是一个综合性的概念,从中药原材料采购、生产、流通和使用,中药生命周期的每一个环节都会影响到中药安全,中药材供应链是中药安全体系中的重要组成部分,是中药安全影响因素的载体。为了保障中药安全,我们必须构建实行中药材供应链管理,才能避免单纯以市场为纽带进行协调的流通模式的弊端,从而达到以最小的成本,得到最好的服务的目的,以实现最高的效益。我们将构建确保中药安全的中药材供应链管理的基本模式,并对该模式将如何运作进行研究。同时,对中药材供应链管理模式进行博弈分析。     

电子商务中买卖方之间信用模式选择的博弈论分析

电子商务是一种新的经营理念和商务模式，信用是制约电子商务进一步发展的主要瓶颈。企业在电子商务中信用模式和信用程度的选择是虚拟市场中交易者之间相互博弈的结果。     

物流地产供需双方的演化博弈模型

为了研究地产开发商和有物流需求的企业的合作行为,本文建立了一个物流地产供需双方演化博弈模型,讨论了不同初始状态、不同复制动态方程下的地产开发商和有较大物流需求的企业的演化博弈策略。通过分析不同策略下博弈双方的行为及收益,认为在博弈的演化过程中,各方应该考虑合作剩余收益、租金和物流地产的开发成本等因素,按照合作剩余收益最大化的原则,从长远角度考虑博弈双方的利益来制定双赢策略,从而促进物流地产业的可持续发展。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.