Policy Shocks and Macroeconomic Fluctuations in a Two‐country Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model: Evidence from China*

In this paper, we construct a two‐country dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to investigate the sources of business cycles in China and the contributions of policy shocks in economic fluctuations. The empirical results from Bayesian estimation show that, apart from the traditional supply and demand shocks, monetary and fiscal policy shocks also play important roles in determining China's economic fluctuations. In addition, we find significant feedback effects between monetary and fiscal policies in China, indicating that policy coordination is an important feature of China's monetary and fiscal policies. Overall, these results not only shed new light on the policy factors behind China's economic fluctuations, but also provide new evidence that is helpful for understanding the policy transmission mechanisms in China.     

Time preference and international trade

We first consider a closed model, where households' time discount depends on externality in consumption. We can prove that there is a unique steady state, which is a saddle point. Then we extend the model to a two‐country world, and derive the condition on the effects of consumption externality under which there is a unique free trade steady state with saddle‐point stability.     

Efficiency of the Banking Industry Structure in Korea*

This paper analyzes whether the efficiency of the Korean banking industry has improved since the bank restructuring in 1997, and whether a bank with high efficiency has a larger market share. This paper uses an efficient structure hypothesis model to examine the relationship between the banks' efficiencies and their profitability. The data envelopment analysis method is applied to measure the efficiency and profitability of the banking industry in order to minimize possible bias due to the inflow of public funds for the bank consolidation. The two‐step Heckman selection method is used to correct for survivorship bias in the model. The derived result indicates that banks with higher efficiencies tend to record higher profit. Moreover, higher pure technological efficiency and scale efficiency have a positive effect on a bank's market share and concentration.     

Regional Competition in China under the Price Distortion of Construction Land: A Study Based on a Two‐regime Spatial Durbin Model

This study examines regional competition in China by considering the spatial correlation and spillover effect of construction land price distortion using a two‐regime Spatial Durbin Model to investigate the patterns and trends of the competition between 285 cities in China from 2006 to 2015. The study finds: (i) price distortion of construction land is a common phenomenon but the distortion index generally shows a declining trend; (ii) regional competition through construction land price distortion shows a weakly intensified pattern, although the competition patterns in the four regions of China varied; and (iii) the intensity of competition between regions was lower during the 12th Five‐year Plan compared to the 11th Plan. The intensity of competition between cities was also lower inside than outside urban agglomerations. These results provide policy implications for remedying the price distortion of construction land and promoting regional coordinated development.     

创新“两新”组织党建工作的实践与探索

面对新经济组织、新社会组织迅速发展的新形势,如何做好"两新"组织党建工作。祁阳县创造性地开展"两新"组织的党建工作,取得较好的成绩。本文就祁阳县"两新组织"党建工作的基本情况、具体做法、存在的问题及成因和应对之策进行了深入的探索。     

初中教学中避免学生两级分化的探索

结合实际教学,对初中教学中存在同学两级分化问题作出一些看法,仅供参考。     

两江新区产业发展的SWOT分析及对策

重庆新设特区两江新区是国家西部大开发战略的重要举措,两江新区将成为西部新的经济增长极,本文运用SWOT模型对两江新区的产业发展的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战进行了分析,并提出了建议与对策。     

资本主义新变化视野中的“两个必然”

苏东发生剧变以来,世界社会主义走向低潮;而与此同时,世界资本主义不但没有灭亡,而且还发生了一系列新的变化。文章主要阐述了当代资本主义的一些具体新变化及其影响表现,力求在资本主义的新变化的视野之中来解读马克思的"两个必然"的思想。     

“两型社会”视角下的旧货市场流通体系构建

自＂两型社会＂建设以来,围绕＂资源节约＂和＂环境友好＂为核心的建设便成为经济发展的重要模式。而以旧物利用为宗旨的旧货市场,本质上与＂两型社会＂建设目标完全一致。因此,在此视角下,分析当前旧货市场发展的意义及存在的问题,提出科学合理的发展模式成为重要的研究课题。     

资本主义的新变化并未改变其必然灭亡的命运

发达资本主义国家在战后出现了一些新的变化,呈现出一种“繁荣景象”,社会主义的发展遇到了一些困难和挫折,但这并不能改变资本主义必然灭亡、社会主义必然胜利的客观规律。我们必须正确地分析和对待新的复杂情况,正确认识“两个必然”的科学结论,从而坚定共产主义必胜的信念。     

论民办高校考务管理工作改革

考务管理是工作关系着高校教务管理的科学性和规范性。民办高校普遍采用院系二级管理的方式来组织与实施考务工作。本文结合我院实际,针对当前考务管理工作中存在问题,提出进一步完善的具体措施,逐渐建立具有民办特色、切实可行的院系二级考务工作管理模式。     

基于制度经济学的“两田制”改良研究——从山东改革说起

文章在判断现有两田制弊端的基础上，提出了一个改良的两田制的设想，并运用制度经济学理论予以可行性研究，得出改良的两田制符合各方利益，具有现实可行性的结论，并提出了保证改良的两田制得以实施的一些配套措施。     

基于制度经济学的“两田制”改良研究——从山东改革说起

文章在判断现有两田制弊端的基础上,提出了一个改良的两田制的设想,并运用制度经济学理论予以可行性研究,得出改良的两田制符合各方利益,具有现实可行性的结论,并提出了保证改良的两田制得以实施的一些配套措施.     

当代大学生社会责任感缺失与两课教学作用关系辩正

当代大学生社会责任感呈现日益淡化的状态,表现为注重自我价值,轻视社会价值;重个人理想,轻社会理想;重权利的享受,轻义务的履行。导致这一现状的原因是多方面的,既有来自社会、学校、家庭等因素的影响,也有学生自身原因的影响。针对大学生社会责任感这既现实又迫切的问题,高校的两课教学应该从加强学生对中华民族传统美德与文化的学习,注意对大学生的思想引导,推动大学生树立正确的人生观和价值观,注意从社会实践等方面培养大学生的社会责任感。     

The Effect of Land Restitution on Poverty Reduction among the Khomani San “Bushmen” in South Africa

This paper looks at the impact of land restitution involving the Khomani San “bushmen” in the Kgalagadi area of South Africa. It seeks to investigate the effect of land restitution on poverty reduction among the beneficiaries. We run two‐stage least squares models of access to nature, per capita income and poverty status on the use of restituted land, among other variables. Our results suggest that the Khomani San beneficiaries have gotten more access to natural resources but that the use of restituted land has neither increased per capita income nor reduced poverty. In fact, the use of restituted land has contributed to increased poverty. Therefore, land restitution should become part of a broader, carefully crafted rural developmental strategy for it to be effective in reducing poverty. Otherwise, land restitution risks enabling indigenous communities to continue with their “traditional” way of life, and in fact thereby keep them poor.