浅析特种设备检验风险的规避

通过对特种设备检验的风险分析,理清了特种设备检验所面临的行政责任、民事责任、刑事责任等法律责任,提出了合理规避检验风险的具体措施。     

影响石化静设备成本的若干因素分析

文章通过化工设备中20个与零部件有关的事例，从设计和制造两个角度探讨了影响设备成本的几方面因素。设计上既涉及设备的整体形式和局部结构，也涉及外形尺寸和材料选择，制造上既涉及国家标准和制造工艺，也涉及质量检验和项目管理。     

A profit assessment model for equipment inspection and replacement under renewing free replacement warranty policy

For many types of equipment whose maintenance requires skilled labor or whose random failure may have serious consequences, such as aircraft engines, medical equipment and others, customers generally prefer to entrust maintenance activities to the manufacturer or any of its representatives. The latter must, in turn, provide the customer with a maintenance program that is economically viable for both parties. In this study, the customer and the manufacturer agree on what follows regarding a non-self-announcing failure equipment whose state is only known through inspection: during the warranty period, the manufacturer inspects the equipment according to a specified schedule which he establishes taking into account that the costs incurred for inspections and replacements are supported by him during the warranty period. After the expiration of the warranty, inspections and replacements are performed by the manufacturer and billed to the customer. Moreover, penalties related to inactivity periods between failures and their detection are always supported by the manufacturer. The warranty is applicable to any equipment replaced during the validity period of the service contract. This type of contract generates a profit for the manufacturer. In this paper, an analytical model taking into account the commitments of both parties has been developed. The model allows generating the instants (x₁, x₂,…, x_n) at which the inspections must be performed and the corresponding expected profit for the manufacturer while considering the warranty period offered on the market for similar equipment. An algorithm has also been developed to generate the inspection instants given the costs structure and the lifetime probability distribution of the equipment. In a context where business models argue for a greater implication of suppliers towards their customers, the proposed decision model may be relevant and very useful.     

谈海洋平台危险区电气检验

在海上石油及天然气开采过程中，海洋平台作为油气采集、临时存储及简单处理的重要场所，其危险性极大。危险区电气设施的施工质量及防爆性能，是平台安全的重要保证。因此危险区电气检验极为重要，是平台电气检验工作中的重点。     

6S优化检维修管理模式的实施

为提高设备检维修现场管理水平,中国石化南通石油分公司大岸桥石油机械厂钳工车间将6S现场管理理念导入钳工车间日常检维修管理中,通过对检维修现状和方式的分析,创新管理理念,制定有效的计划及措施并落到实处,使钳工现场检维修管理模式得到优化,提升了车间的管理水平。     

浅谈油气田入库阀门压力试验的影响因素

压力试验是入库阀门质量检验的一项重要内容,从试验人员、采用标准、试验设备、试验方法等方面,分析了影响压力试验结果的主要因素,并提出了相应的对策措施。指出,应提升试验人员的责任意识、技术素质和业务能力,正确选择试验设备的类型和加压方式。     

ZGM123中速磨煤机检修优化与改造

介绍了天津大唐国际盘山发电有限责任公司磨煤机的检修优化的实践和研究,磨煤机的检修优化首先是要基于点检定修的深入开展,通过点检定修确定合理、经济的检修周期;其次是通过采用先进的工艺技术对设备进行改造,从而减少磨煤机大修时的检修工作量和备件消耗,达到检修优化。     

长庆油田正压空气呼吸器定期检验技术探讨

正压空气呼吸器是抢险救援的重要装备。对正压空气呼吸器的基本组成、工作原理进行了阐述．对长庆油田在用正压空气呼吸器使用现状和存在的问题进行了汇总和分析，提出了定期检验的内容、依据和程序，明确了开展定期检验是确保正压空气呼吸器正常使用、减少隐患的重要手段。     

云浮电厂高压加热器热交换钢管的检验及缺陷分析

高压加热器是火力发电厂的重要辅助设备 ,它的缺陷将严重影响机组的安全和经济运行。本文介绍了广东云浮电厂国产 12 5 MW机组用立式高压加热器热交换钢管缺陷位置分布规律 ,并分析缺陷产生的原因 ,在此基础上对同类高压加热器的运行和检验提出一些合理建议。     

Φ508mm套管螺纹质量问题探讨

Φ508mm套管螺纹加工质量难度大,归结起来主要有3方面的原因,即管径(圆度)、制管工艺与螺纹参数检验。研究了管径、制管工艺、螺纹检验对螺纹加工质量的影响机理,系统分析了Φ508mm套管螺纹加工质量难以控制的原因。结合目前Φ508mm套管的制管工艺与螺纹加工工艺特点,最后优选出一套Φ508mm制管与螺纹加工、检验工艺。     

Letter From the Editor

The use of transform techniques can greatly enhance The task of modeling cash flows. Considerable work has been done since Crubbatrom's on the application of transform technique to cash-flow analysis. However, little attention is given to transform techniques by the engineering economics community at large, as evidenced by the lack of ita coverage In engineering economy textbooks. This paper represents the continual effort of the authors to suggest the use of transform techniques for engineering economy problems. A loan problem is formulated using the traditional method, the Zeta-transform method, and a difference equation approach using matrix methods. Simplified results are obtained using closed-form solutions from both the transform and difference equation methods. The loan problem is extended to an equipment financing situation, which is formulated using the Zeta-transform method and the traditional method as well. An illustrative example is included.     

石油勘探企业质量管理体系建立初探

阐述了油气勘探开发企业生产管理中企业法人的非独立性、物资采购的集中性、合同管理的计划性、生产现场的分散、流动性、施工环境的多变性、施工单位之间关系的两重性和施工文件(设计)的多变性,并对质量体系的特点进行了分析,从油气勘探开发的程序对合同评审、采购、产品标识和可追溯性、过程控制、产品的检验和试验、检验测量和试验设备的控制、搬运贮存包装防护和交付以及技术统计等方面进行了阐述,提出了质量体系的过程性要素如何体现企业特点的意见和建立有效的质量体系的必要性。     

异型阀门质检技术难点分析与建议

通过对长庆油田技术监测中心所检验的异型阀门种类进行统计,结合现有检验装置与工装,对造成异型阀门难以检验的技术难点进行分析,并追溯原因,最后从设计和采购环节提出建议。     

滚子加热炉温度均匀度对结果的影响及改进措施

滚子加热炉是将钻井液加热老化的专用设备,在钻井液添加剂产品的质量检验中也普遍的使用。滚子加热炉的要害是内部温度分布的均匀性和显示温度的真实性,直接影响到产品检测指标的重现性和质量判断的准确性。目前国内各实验室普遍使用的国产多轴滚子加热炉,不同程度地都存在各轴区温度分布差异大的问题。使得同一试验浆放在同一滚子加热炉内的不同轴区,老化后检测出的数据差距很大,极易造成误判,引起质量争议。我们对我公司所用滚子加热炉进行反复研究、测试和改造。使炉内温度高低差缩小到5℃以下,钻井液试验和产品检验数据重现性好,有效地促进了产品质量的稳定工作。     

CASE STUDY: US ARMY UTILITY HELICOPTER FLEET MODERNIZATION ANALYSIS

The US Army has relied heavily on helicopter support for more than 30 years. These aircraft have been used for a variety of purposes, with the most widely identified category being the utility, or general-purpose transport, mission area. Currently, the US Army is confronting the problem of managing an aging equipment fleet (its helicopters) in the face of significant budgetary constraints, a very large-scale fleet replacement problem. By the nature of its business, the US Army is not working toward a desired profit margin, but it must maintain a level of military capability to meet its national defense obligations. The US Army recently commissioned the Utility Helicopter Fleet Modernization Analysis to determine the most cost and operationally effective strategy for fleet replacement or modernization. This case study presents a synopsis of how multi-criteria decision analysis techniques were integrated with total cost of ownership considerations to develop a multi-billion dollar equipment modernization strategy, a strategy that is being implemented by the US Army today.     

浅谈围海造地工程施工安全监理工作要点

文章以上海市横沙东滩促淤圈围（三期）工程为例,并结合作者从事多年的围海造地工程施工安全监理工作经验,主要从熟悉设计文件、了解施工环境、识别与划分危险源;建立完善的安全生产保障体系;审核安全组织施工设计、专项方案与应急预案;编制监理规划与安全监理实施细则;复核大中型机械设备、安全设施安全许可验收手续、审查特种作业人员资格;安全交底;安全检查、巡视等七个方面对安全监理工作进行阐述。希望能够在类似工程施工中,对监理在开展安全监理工作时有所帮助。     

油田污水处理技术的发展

对油田污水现有的处理技术发展状况包括装置和工艺进行了分析，指出本领域技术发展的重点，其中涉及的工艺技术、设备、药剂的研发可能成为今后发展的方向。     

Safety management is a virtue

It is undeniable that safe operation and process reliability are not only compatible but highly interrelated. Reliable production units rarely have safety incidents, whereas unreliable ones tend to repeatedly experience abnormal operation. To prevent incidents, personnel, procedures, and equipment must be aligned to facilitate rapid identification and response to failures of the control system and protective safeguards. Safe and reliable performance requires minimization of the root causes that lead to abnormal and emergency operation. The challenges to accomplishing this in a timely manner are considerable, but not insurmountable. This article discusses various challenges to sustaining safe operation of process equipment. Each challenge is introduced using a philosophical saying from a Chinese fortune cookie to remind the reader that the barriers against progress are not new but have existed from many years. In most cases, the solutions are also well known and generally require deployment of robust equipment, proven techniques, and competent resources. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 2009     

A comparison of opinion and regression forecasting for an industrial product

Opinion-based forecasting techniques are widely used by industrial marketers. Rarely, however, are the results of these forecasts compared with alternative forecasting techniques and/or evaluated against actual operating results. In this study, opinion-based forecasting results for an industrial equipment manufacturer are evaluated against actual sales data. Further, the opinion-based predictions are compared with the predictions of a naive regression model. The results of these analyses suggest that the current opinion-based forecasting system is deficient.     

酸化缓蚀剂行业标准在产品质量检验中存在问题剖析及建议

测量油田化学剂中腐蚀速率项目,主要是依据石油天然气行业标准SY／T5405—1996《酸化用缓蚀剂试验方法及评价指标》中规定的方法。在腐蚀速率质量检验过程中发现,同一产品相同条件下加入不同质量分数缓蚀剂得到的测量结果存在明显差别的情况．影响了产品质量判定;标准中的判定指标与实际测量结果存在矛盾;高温高压动态条件无法准确确定反应时间。酸化缓蚀剂行业标准中存在加入质量分数不明确、评价指标错误、高温高压动态腐蚀试验方法操作不严谨及相应测定仪器的不适宜等问题．造成对依据此行业标准进行产品质量检验工作的困扰,影响了对依据该行业标准产品的质量判定结果。根据对存在问题剖析情况提出了系列建议。