社会网络嵌入与集群企业合作营销实证研究——基于我国传统产业集群的调查

通过对浙江温州和山东青岛的四个传统产业集群的调研,运用社会网络理论,从网络位置中心度、网络规模、网络关系强度和网络关系持久度四个方面探讨集群企业的社会网络与企业合作营销的关系。研究表明,在集群背景下,上述四个方面均对企业合作营销产生影响,但其影响程度有所不同。其中网络关系强度和网络关系持久度对集群企业在区域品牌、生产和产品、促销及渠道等方面的合作均有显著正向影响;网络位置中心度主要对区域品牌、生产和产品方面的合作有显著正向影响;而网络规模主要对渠道和促销方面的合作有显著正向影响。     

企业集群中竞争与合作的博弈分析

近几年,企业集群的发展模式越来越受到人们的关注,并一度成为研究的热点。企业作为集群中理性经济主体,必然以追求利益最大化作为自身目标。因此,集群企业在竞争与合作博弈中必须走出“囚徒困境”,进行有效合作,以充分发挥企业集群的聚集效应,实现集群企业的共赢。     

集群式供应链的竞合分析

随着供应链管理的发展,集群式供应链理论成为新的研究方向,将产业集群和供应链管理进行耦合研究,有利于提高产业集群的经济效益,集群式供应链中有众多的参与企业,并有复杂的关系,本文对各个企业的相互竞争和合作关系以及合作方式进行探讨,以利于各企业的合作发展。     

企业营销合作行为的应用研究

面对日趋激烈的外部竞争环境,营销合作行为越来越多的被企业所采用,成为企业开拓市场、获得竞争优势的重要的手段.文章从企业合作行为管理入手,对营销合作的过程进行研究,为合作企业营销目标的达成提供借鉴.     

价值链/供应链视角下的集群研究新进展

集群企业通过价值链 /供应链实现的合作是在市场需求不确定性加剧和专业化分工背景下的必然发展趋势。本文从主流集群理论出发 ,提出从价值链 /供应链的角度研究集群的新视角 ,介绍和分析了集群关系型价值链和核心企业型价值链 ,并对集群价值链的本地化和全球化进行了比较分析。     

LED公共服务平台主导的官产学研合作模式研究

产业集群内部官产学研采取的合作模式对产业集群的发展起着重要作用。针对政府主导的官产学研模式的弊端,本文提出以公共服务平台主导代替政府主导的思路来建立产业集群内的官产学研合作模式。研究了产业集群内部政府、企业、研究机构等单位的作用,对比分析了两种合作模式的优缺点。公共服务平台为主导的官产学研合作模式可有效减少政府过多干预,提高企业参与度,充分发挥集群产业的优势。     

装备制造业集群中企业纵向合作关系的演化分析

装备制造业是为国民经济发展和国防建设提供技术装备的基础性产业,是国家综合实力的重要体现。装备制造业集群已成为振兴装备制造业的重要途径并在很多地区大量涌现。装备制造业集群内部存在核心企业群体和外围企业群体,其纵向合作关系分为链条强化和网络筛选。文章通过引入复制动态微分方程,构建核心企业和外围企业的双群体演化博弈模型,分析双方的初始状态、合作收益、资产专用性、网络收益对合作关系演化路径的影响,以期为装备制造业集群企业间合作提供理论指导。     

基于关系营销的客户合作管理研究

关系营销是企业为实现其自身目标和增进社会福利,不断识别、建立、维护和巩固企业与顾客及其他利益相关者关系的活动,并通过企业的努力,以诚实的交换及履行承诺的方式,使活动涉及各方的目标在营销活动中得以实现。广义上的营销,不仅包括外部市场营销,而且还包括内部市场营销。关系营销的重点在于利益各方相互之间的交流,并形成互利、稳定、相互信任的关系,关系营销的最终实现要靠产品或价值的成熟、高质量的交换。关系营销的目的是双重的,包括社会宏观目标与企业微观目标。关系营销的手段是互利合作关系。互利是合作的前提,没有互利,很难有进一步的合作;缺乏合作的营销也不能成为关系营销。关系营销是动态的过程,而不是静态的状态。     

基于产业集群的工业小微企业合作创新分析

产业集群在区域经济发展中扮演着重要的角色,工业小微企业是区域经济的主要成分。基于工业小微企业自身的特点,合作创新,特别是技术创新已然成为小微企业发展的重要驱动力,也是产业集群和区域经济发展的主要途径。本文先对工业小微企业、合作创新、产业集群等内涵及特点进行分析,然后在产业集群视角下分析工业小微企业进行合作技术创新时所出现的问题,以及合作创新模式的影响因素,最后谈谈不同产业类型下如何选择合作创新模式。     

区域产业集群内多企业间合作激励机制分析——以温州商会为例

运用重复博弈理论分析区域产业集群内多企业间合作形成的合作激励机制,认为能威慑到有不合作或背叛动机的企业从欺骗均衡转到合作均衡,激励企业间走向制度化合作。分析温州产业集群内的商会组织,发现集群内多个企业受理性驱使经过多次重复博弈可以有效地限制了潜在交易企业的不诚实行为,激励集群内所有企业走向制度化合作,增进企业整体利益,提升区域产业集群的竞争力。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上，尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能，资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标，以求真实反映银行经营的成果，有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系，从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.