通货膨胀、通货膨胀不确定性与中国实际产出增长

基于中国1993年1月至2010年12月的月度数据,本文采用双变量GARCH模型测量了中国通货膨胀不确定性,并借助于传统的Granger因果检验以及基于马尔科夫区制转移向量自回归(MS-VAR)模型下Granger因果检验等方法对通货膨胀、通货膨胀不确定性与中国实际产出增长进行了实证研究.本文研究发现:中国通货膨胀和通货膨胀不确定性之间存在着Granger意义上的双向因果性,在作用机制上支持了Okun-Friedman理论假说以及Holland论断;传统的Granger因果检验表明中国通货膨胀、通货膨胀不确定性对中国实际产出增长之间存在Granger意义上的因果性,但是基于MS-VAR模型的Granger因果检验研究则表明上述因果性仅存在于特定的机制下.     

通货膨胀新概念

我国经济正处于一个历史性的"转轨"时期,我国的通货膨胀其实是一个"特殊形态"的通货膨胀,即"转轨型通货膨胀",这是中国当前的新型通货膨胀。     

通货膨胀与治理对策

本文阐述了中国通货膨胀的现状,分析了当前我国通货膨胀的原因,提出了治理我国通货膨胀的对策。要做好外汇储备的处理工作,调整我国的需求结构,节约劳动力资本,调整经济结构,加快转变经济发展方式,正确处理流动性过剩货币问题。     

通货膨胀与治理对策

本文阐述了中国通货膨胀的现状,分析了当前我国通货膨胀的原因,提出了治理我国通货膨胀的对策.要做好外汇储备的处理工作,调整我国的需求结构,节约劳动力资本,调整经济结构,加快转变经济发展方式,正确处理流动性过剩货币问题.     

中美两国通货膨胀及其波动性关系的实证研究

中国的通货膨胀及其波动性之间存在稳定的正向相关关系;而美国通货膨胀及其波动性之间没有因果关系却存在负向的相关关系。相对于美国,中国对通货膨胀的控制比追求经济增长更重要。     

通货膨胀的惯性特征与波动性——基于HNKPC模型

通货膨胀是宏观经济中最重要的问题之一,对此进行研究具有重要意义。结合中国通货膨胀的惯性特征,对Gali和Gertler(1999)的新凯恩斯混合菲利普斯曲线模型加以扩展,构建了通货膨胀的ARCH模型,并运用中国1991年1月到2011年6月的宏观月度数据进行经验检验。结果表明,中国通货膨胀具有显著的惯性特征,存在波动聚集现象;产出缺口对当期通货膨胀的影响最为显著,其次是滞后一期通胀。     

我国向通货膨胀目标制过渡的政策建议

通货膨胀目标制作为我国缓解通货膨胀问题的有效手段，为稳定我国金融市场发挥着至关重要的作用。现阶段，我国尚未完全实行通货膨胀目标制，究其原因在于我国现行金融市场中还存在着一系列制约实行通货膨胀目标制的因素，即货币币值、中央银行的独立性、价格指数、货币政策工具以及金融体系。基于此本文提出了相关政策建议用来抑制通货膨胀。     

通货膨胀及其影响因素的动态分析

文章通过建立宏观经济模型对1995--2010年间我国通货膨胀的动态走势进行了研究。结果表明：我国货币市场不仅存在实际货币需求、真实GDP和名义利率间的长期均衡关系,在贸易市场上还存在名义汇率、国内价格水平和国外价格水平之间的长期均衡关系。误差修正模型表明通货膨胀的短期波动依赖于货币供给、名义利率和实际GDP的变化,且具有很强的通货膨胀惯性,货币市场和贸易市场非均衡对通货膨胀的变化也有重要影响。     

中国通货膨胀长期影响因素的研究——基于状态空间模型的时变参数分析

通货膨胀成为目前我国经济中一个显著问题,因此研究我国通货膨胀趋势的决定因素成为必要,中国通货膨胀长期走势的决定因素主要有四个,其中代表货币因素的M2和代表国外输入型因素的国际大宗商品价格对通货膨胀的影响在上升,而劳动力价格和固定资产投资因素在长期中对通货膨胀的影响总体呈下降趋势。     

经济全球化背景下的我国通货膨胀问题研究

通货膨胀是经济发展过程中不可避免的经济现象,如何应对通货膨胀也是各国经济学者都在研究的问题。因为导致物价上涨的因素仍然存在,而且国际因素对我国本轮的通货膨胀有着重大影响,所以本文对我国本轮通货膨胀的成因进行了研究。     

试析通货膨胀对个人投资理财的影响

2007年以来,CPI数据预示着中国经济开始出现通货膨胀,而经济增长率和通货膨胀率双双反弹,说明中国正处于需求拉动型通货膨胀之中,这严重影响了人们的经济生活,尤其是个人投资理财在一定程度上受到影响。本文对通货膨胀下个人理财进行了分析。     

通货膨胀预期的运行特征及其对我国货币政策的启示

国内学者就我国经济转型时期通货膨胀预期的运行特征展开了初步研究。文章对这一领域的研究成果进行了理论概括,认为通胀预期主体的分层性、通胀预期基础的混沌性、通胀预期过程的持续性、通胀预期强度的波动性是我国当前通货膨胀预期的基本特征。现阶段通胀预期强化的直接原因在于过度宽松的货币政策。弱化通胀预期、缓解通胀压力的短期措施是货币政策尽快转向正常化。     

在经济全球化背景下基于中国的国情探讨人民币汇率的决定

本文从经济全球化的角度,根据中国的自然资源,如人口众多、人均资源占有率低,以及中国经济发展的现实情况,探讨人民币汇率的决定。人口众多、人均资源占有率低,应调低人民币的汇率,有利于就业和引入外资;中国的城市化进程需要大量的资源,调高人民币的汇率,有利于企业降低成本;外汇占款较大推高中国的通货膨胀率,又应调高人民币的币值;又要考虑汇率对利率政策的抵消作用等。     

近期我国通货膨胀的原因及应对策略分析

通常情况下，通货通胀由经济过热引起，治理措施重点放在紧缩信贷、减缓经济增速方面。而我国货币发行量已经有所节制，经济增长幅度也在缩小，通胀却在攀升，2008年5月12日，国家统计局发表4月GPI指数上涨8．5％，比3月的83％，环比增长0．1％。此次我国发生的CPI指数上升与以往通胀不同，显然我们还有疏漏。原因是多方面的，本文主要从以下三个方面分析：一是涨价中有合理因素，如农产品涨价；二是进口型通胀；三是与世界经济接轨导致原来的价格体系转化，新的与世界密切联系的价格体系正在形成之中产生的价格波动、拉升，连带滋生出泡沫。在分析原因的基础上，给出一些应对性策略。     

当前中国宏观经济的几个重要问题——在宝钢发展经营管理高级研修班上的报告

文章认为，2008年上半年中国经济的特点是“高增长、高通胀”，已经到了要作出政策调整的时候。具体而言，是要在宏观方面通过政策的调整来处理好经济增长与通货膨胀、当前与长远、总量和结构、内需和外需、全局和局部、发展与改革的关系问题，保持经济增长和抑制通货膨胀的最佳平衡点是增长率10％或者比10％稍多、通胀率在6％～7％之间。文章指出，解决当前增长与通胀的问题已经不是“防止经济过热和防止通货膨胀”而是“保增长、抑通胀”或者是“促增长、抑通胀”；解决长远发展问题则是尽早提出调整产业结构、转变经济增长方式、加快技术创新等一系列带有长远性、深层次的治理方略并加以实施。     

Inflation and Economic Growth in China： An Empirical Analysis

Using official provincial data for gross provincial product, consumer price index and other explanatory variables from 1986 to 2006, the present paper investigates the nonlinear effects of inflation on economic growth in China. The main finding of the study is that the inflation threshold effect is highly significant and robust in China. Above the 2.50 percent threshold, every 1‐percentage point increase in the inflation rate impedes economic growth by 0.61 percent; below this threshold, every 1‐percentage point increase in the inflation rate stimulates growth by 0.53 percent. This indicates that high inflation harms economic growth, whereas moderate inflation benefits growth. We suggest that China should maintain a moderate inflation rate for long‐run growth.     

对通货膨胀压力下人民币升值的思考

目前,我国经济正处在人民币升值与通货膨胀的两难境地。在输入型通胀和国内物价上涨的压力下,人民币升值被更多地寄予了抑制通胀的期望。不少政界、学术界人士都在强调人民币升值可以抑制通胀,但是,人民币升值对抑制通胀的贡献究竟有多大,值得深入研究。从本轮通货膨胀形成的原因分析,力图找出解决通胀与人民币升值问题的最佳宏观调控政策与措施。     

What Causes China＇s High Inflation？ A Threshold Structural Vector Autoregression Analysis

China＇s astonishing economic growth implies a necessity to understand its inflation. The present paper employs threshold nonrecursive structural vector autoregression analysis to explore the asymmetric effects of macro-variables on inflation in low and high inflation regimes. The empirical evidence demonstrates, first, that the reactions of inflation to various shocks are inflation-regime-dependent and asymmetric. Second, monetary policy influences China ＂s high inflation and adjusting the domestic interest rate in China may be an effective way to control inflation in a high inflation regime, but not in a low inflation regime. In a high inflation regime, a high inflation rate may cause the macro-policy authorities to increase the domestic interest rate, in an attempt to stabilize high inflation. Third, contrary to expectations, the world oil price is not a strong cost-push factor in a low inflation regime. Oil price increases may increase inflation in a high inflation regime, but there is no such obvious effect in a low inflation regime. Finally, China ＂s nominal effective exchange rate influences inflation in both low and high inflation regimes. A nominal effeetive exchange rate appreciation might be effective in controlling domestic inflation in both regimes.     

China＇s Economy in 2007/2008： Coping with Problems of Runaway Growth

Fuelled by high domestic investment and rapid export expansion, China ＂s economy grew by ll.4 pereent in 2007, the highest increase since 1994 and the fifth eonseeutive year of double-digit growth. Such spectacular growth performance is unprecedented in the world＇s economic history. However, the Chinese Government is again worried about a possible ＂hard landing＂for the economy, as no economy can sustain very strong growth for extremely long period without overheating. Cracks in China ＂s economy are indeed emerging. The eonsumer priee index shot up to 6.9percent in November 2007, the highest level in a decade, with the annual inflation for 2007 rising to 4.S pereent, well above the government＇s ＂comfort level＂ of 3 percent. This prompted China＇s top leadership to declare that reducing economic overheating and curbing inflation would be the top poliey priorities for 2008. To contain such cost-push inflation, the government has to tackle its root causes, such as excessive liquidity, which is caused by the undervaluation of the renminbi, which in turn is attributable to China＇s chronic external and internal maeroeeonomie imbalances~ High growth is likely to continue in 2008, at around l O pereent, with inflation of S-6 pereent expected, despite the anticipated tighter maeroeeonomie control measures and the more troubled external economic environment （e.g. the expected US economic slowdown）. Regardless, China ＂s fundamental problems associated with runaway growth will largely remain. In addition, if the US economy slips into a serious recession, the Chinese economy will not be able to deeouple from it and escape unscathed.     

Multiple Structural Breaks and Inflation Persistence: Evidence from China

The degree of inflation persistence fluctuates more in developing countries than in industrialized countries. This is because there are more economic reforms in developing countries than in industrialized countries. Hence, it is important to study the inflation persistence in developing countries. The present paper investigates the pattern of inflation persistence in China, a developing and transitional economy. Specifically, the paper studies statistically the number of structural breaks in China's inflation persistence based on the monthly retail price index (MRPI) and the quarterly retail price index (QRPI) inflation series from 1983 to 2011. The findings show that there are five and three structural breaks in the MRPI and QRPI inflation persistence, respectively. The present paper also exposes a high degree of persistence over the whole sample period and a slight decline in the level of the persistence since 1994. Furthermore, the persistence of two inflation series does not change monotonously but with obvious cyclical patterns. Using these derived estimated structural breakpoints, likely causes of the breakpoints in inflation persistence are investigated. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.