行为金融学与公司财务

在公司决策中，经理人和董事会成员需要识别公司价值最大化过程中的两个主要行为学阻碍，一个在公司内部，另一个在公司外部。     

Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance

A combined treatment of corporate finance and corporate governance is herein proposed. Debt and equity are treated not mainly as alternative financial instruments, but rather as alternative governance structures. Debt governance works mainly out of rules, while equity governance allows much greater discretion. A project-financing approach is adopted. I argue that whether a project should be financed by debt or by equity depends principally on the characteristics of the assets. Transaction-cost reasoning supports the use of debt (rules) to finance redeployable assets, while non-redeployable assets are financed by equity (discretion). Experiences with leasing and leveraged buyouts are used to illustrate the argument. The article also compares and contrasts the transaction-cost approach with the agency approach to the study of economic organization.     

外部融资与企业成长关系的实证研究

在金融发达国家，外部融资对行业成长有明显促进作用。实证分析显示，我国企业要想获得更快、更好的发展，一方面要充分利用各种融资渠道，以便提高外部融资在总资产中的比重，另一方面要注意各种融资方式的合理搭配，防止因债务融资与权益融资之比过高而给企业今后的总资产增长带来不利影响。     

关于公司金融的理论框架

公司金融是西方微观金融理论的重要部分，随着其在现代公司经济活动中愈显重要，近年来受到了诸多学派的关注和研究。它是以公司融资为主干，公司财务为核心，公司治理和公司理财为两翼，以公司为载体，资本市场为基本背景，讨论在基于金融市场下，如何进行有效融资，实现公司财富的最大化。     

金融硕士专业学位《公司金融》课程教学探讨

文章根据教指委对金融专硕的培养要求构建《公司金融》专业学位课程教学体系,在此基础上讨论了教材选择以及教学方法等问题。指出金融专硕《公司金融》课程应该以资本预算方法和应用为重点,围绕着净现值公式的应用和修正来安排教学体系。教学体系内容包括有效市场与行为金融;资产定价理论;经典资本预算方法,即净现值（NPV）方法;现代资本预算方法,即实物期权方法。目前还没有出现适合金融专硕的公司金融教材,教师应该根据教学安排从现有多本教材中提取有用的教学素材。在教学中,应该注重为学生提供商业实践机会,让学生切身体会分析现实商业问题的需要克服的诸多困难。     

A Corporate View of Research Needs in Corporate Finance

This paper reports the results of a survey of UK chief financial officers (CFOs) drawn from 72 large, 34 medium and 37 small companies on potentially important research topics in corporate finance. The paper suggests that there are gaps between extant academic research and the CFOs ‘needs for such research. The topics that the 143 CFOs would like to see on the research agenda include: the influence of tax laws on financial decision-making; investor reactions to companies concentrating on short-term gains to the almost total neglect of long-term benefits; effects of changes to the law on pension funds; cash flow planning and forecasting; regulators’ awareness of financial issues; and methods for determining the riskiness of a project. Of least importance to the CFOs are research on the significance of bankruptcy costs, influence of the City on corporate financial operations and impact of seasons on operational decisions. The degree of importance attributed to research topics seems to vary with firm size. In general, the findings of this study are similar to those from a survey of financial managers in the US.     

国外中小企业融资方式的比较分析

从西方各国的具体情况来看,中小企业融资难具有许多共同的原因,然而,从比较的角度看,美国和欧洲之间还是有一定区别的:在美国,人们崇尚独立自主的自由主义精神,再加上美国的金融管理相对较业,因此中小企业融资难主要表现在金融机构的偏好上,中小企业外部融资一般小于总资产的50%.     

儒家伦理与现代企业理财

本文认为 ,理财道德是与会计道德相区别的一个独立范畴 ,中国特色的企业理财应当坚持法治与德治并举。对于以德理财 ,理论界关注甚少 ,以致理财学的研究与实践过分强调“工具理性”。实际上 ,企业理财不可能是完全理性化的 ,理财的秩序不能撇开伦理理性 ,这正是儒家伦理在现代企业理财中可以发挥所长之处。总的来看 ,儒家伦理道德模式对于现代企业理财仍具有较强的适应性 ,奠基于儒家家族伦理关系之上的家族制企业在中国仍具有较强的生命力 ,作为儒家伦理思想基石的“诚信”对现代企业理财也具有良好的支撑作用     

基于价值的管理与公司理财创新

本文从基于价值管理理念出发,引出了现代公司发展的基础与导向是资本增值的主题。在此基础上,将会计报告、财务分析、资本经营和管理控制融入公司理财之中,形成创新的公司理财体系框架:以资本增值为公司目标和财务目标,以基于价值管理为公司理财导向,以会计报告与财务分析为理财基础,以处理与投资界的关系、评估战略以创造价值和借助全面绩效管理创造价值为理财领域,以资本经营与管理控制为理财两翼。文章论述了基于价值的公司理财创新与会计报告、财务分析、资本经营及管理控制的关系,明确它们在公司理财创新中的地位与作用。     

论公司财务概念框架

公司财务学领域需要借鉴其他相近学科的经验,关注概念框架的研究。财务的性质和职能始终是公司财务概念框架的研究起点,国内外从来都没有真正意义的目标起点论。公司财务概念框架内含财务本质与职能、财务环境与假设、财务目标、财务对象与要素、财务分析和财务管理工具箱等一系列概念。在构造公司财务概念框架时,需要对确认、计量和报告三个概念在会计与财务之间加以区别,确立财务确认、财务计量和财务报告三个新概念。     

中小企业贷款融资支持体系研究

我国中小企业贷款融资支持体系的构建,应从商业性金融、政策性金融及人民银行政策指引等多方面入手,利用商业性金融与政策性金融的互补机制,发挥人民银行的"窗口"指导作用,多角度、全方位对中小企业提供贷款融资支持.     

Taxes and Corporate Finance: A Review

This article reviews tax research related to domestic and multinationalcapital structure, payout policy, compensation policy, riskmanagement, and organizational form. For each topic, the theoreticalarguments explaining how taxes can affect corporate decisionmaking and firm value are reviewed, followed by a summary ofthe related empirical evidence and a discussion of unresolvedissues. Tax research generally supports the hypothesis thathigh tax rate firms pursue policies that provide tax benefits.Many issues remain unresolved, however, including understandingwhether tax effects are of first-order importance, why firmsdo not pursue tax benefits more aggressively, and whether corporateactions are affected by investor-level taxes.     

Corporate Finance and the Monetary Transmission Mechanism

We analyze the transmission effects of monetary policy in ageneral equilibrium model of the financial sector, with banklending and securities markets. Bank lending is constrainedby capital adequacy requirements, and asymmetric informationadds a cost to outside bank equity capital. In our model, monetarypolicy does not affect bank lending through changes in bankliquidity; rather, it operates through changes in the spreadof bank loans over corporate bonds, which induce changes inthe aggregate composition of financing by firms, and in banks’equity-capital base. The model produces multiple equilibria,one of which displays all the features of a "credit crunch."     

试论一价定律与公司理财理念

本文深入地探讨了一价定律与公司理财的基本概念、一般原理以及简单理论模型的内在关联,细致地梳理一价定律在公司理财中的脉络,依据科学研究纲领方法论,构建了基于一价定律理论硬核的公司理财分析框架,以期有助于系统地揭示公司理财的核心理念和财务决策的本质原理。     

Raising Finance and Firms' Corporate Reporting Policies

The major purpose of a corporate annual report is to convey information about the company's affairs to outside parties. The information can be used both to monitor agency relationships (Jensen and Meckling [25]; Watts [32]) and to provide inputs into user decision models (e.g. Altman [3]). Until recently, however, very little research had been conducted into annual reports in the U.K. and hence little was known about their effectiveness. This has been remedied, to some extent, in the last few years and there is now a growing body of literature relating to annual reports. For example, the major professional British accounting bodies commissioned a study to examine'the scope and aims of published financial reports in the light of modern needs and conditions'. This resulted in the publication of The Corporate Report (ASSC [1]), a document which recommended a number of radical changes. Other studies have investigated the degree of understanding of annual reports by private shareholders (Lee and Tweedie [26]), the degree of consensus about the usefulness of annual report data (Firth [21]), the actual degree of disclosure by British companies (Firth [22, 23]), and the impact of accounting information on share prices (see Firth [20]).¹ The purpose of this paper is to add to the literature by reporting the results of an empirical study which examined one aspect of the corporate reporting policies of British firms, namely the changes in the quality and extent of voluntary financial disclosure when raising finance in the stock market.     

治理结构与财务可持续增长

企业财务可持续增长作为一种优于增长不足或增长过度的理想增长状态,成为当今企业追求的目标.可持续增长率是指在不需要耗尽财务资源的情况下,公司销售增长所能达到的最大比率.已有的研究主要针对影响企业可持续增长率的财务因素,笔者则试图找出治理结构特征与财务可持续增长之间的关系,以拓宽财务可持续增长研究的途径,为管理层将治理结构向财务可持续增长方面调整提供现实意义.     

财务管理学的困境与出路

西方财务管理学并非像多数人所想象的那样完美,贫困化依然是当今财务管理学所面临的最大困境。财务管理学的贫困化,既体现在其内容的严重偏离实际上,也体现在其与相关学科的严重断裂和对环境性挑战的滞后反应上。走出贫困化的重要途径,就是要扩展财务管理学的内容,转换财务管理学研究的视角,并开拓财务管理学研究的新领域。     

再论公司财务概念框架

有效率的企业是经济增长的关键。为指导财务实践,提升公司价值,有效保护利益相关者的财产权益,助推经济发展,有必要在不同流派财务理论体系中抽象出高度认可的基本概念,形成公司财务概念框架。财务概念框架就是财务理论体系中认可度高的一系列基本概念的凝结,旨在为财务活动开展提供逻辑一致的理论指导,为发展高质量的财务规范奠定坚实基础。企业财务行为具有的内部私密性、自主性、创造性等个性化特征,并不是否定建立统一、一致认可的"公司财务概念框架"的充分条件。在新兴市场经济国家,构建"公司财务概念框架"具有必要性和可行性。