论资源流成本会计在铅锌冶炼业的应用

企业经济效益与环保效益的兼得,一直是现代企业追求的理想目标,资源流成本会计(Resource Flow Cost Accounting,RFCA)则提供了一个新的研究视角。RFCA根据资源流转平衡原理,以企业内部资源在各工序的物质流转路线为基础,通过描绘企业生产流程过程的资源投入、消耗、废弃等信息,追踪资源流转成本的时空转移,从而为企业挖掘资源利用潜力,提高循环利用效率提供一种有效的管理手段。对此,本文将以相关文献的集成创新为基础,通过对铅锌冶炼企业资源流的跟踪,探讨RFCA的应用原理、功效及实施的过程,构筑通用模式,可供冶金、化工等流程制造业借鉴。     

数据挖掘技术在资源共享课程建设中的研究

本文在传统网络教学和资源共享课程系统平台的基础上,运用数据挖掘技术对资源共享课程数据挖掘技术进行智能化的优化。在资源共享课程建设数据库中建立基于数据分析的数据仓库,采用关联计算,聚类分析,TF-IDF等方法,找到系统中资源之间的内在联系,使系统资源智能地跟踪用户操作,为资源共享课程的网络平台教学活动提供更人性化的服务。     

An axiomatic framework of dynamic production

We model a production system as a collection of interrelated production activities that consume exogenous materials and services to produce final products. The primitive elements in our study describe time-varying aspects of production, including intermediate product transfers between activities, inventory and material balances, and capacities on service consumptions. Each activity's production process is governed by a dynamic production function that maps time-varying input consumptions into realized output. We establish a dynamic version of steady-state duality, and a law of return for bounded input rates of essential factors. We also use our theory to re-examine the use of steady-state duality theory in applied production analysis.The refereeing process of this paper was handled through R. Färe.     

Advanced manufacturing systems: supply–demand matching of manufacturing resource based on complex networks and Internet of Things

ABSTRACT

After investigation on the existing advanced manufacturing systems (AMSs), it is found that supply–demand matching of manufacturing resource is one of the common issues to be addressed in all AMSs, and methods for addressing this issue have evolved from P2P (peer-to-peer)-based, to information centre-based, and to platform (or system)-based matching, and are moving towards socialisation and service-based solutions. In order to adapt to this trend, a new method for manufacturing resource supply–demand matching based on complex networks and Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed, and a four-layered architecture for implementing this method is designed. In this method, IoT technology is employed to realise the intelligent perception and accessing of various manufacturing resources and capabilities (MR&C), which enables logical aggregation of various distributed MR&C in the form of services. Then complex networks model and theory are used to realise the efficient manufacturing service management, optimal-allocation, and supply–demand matching. In this article, the specific key technologies for implementing the method are presented, including key technologies for manufacturing service generation and aggregation, manufacturing demand/task management, supply–demand matching of MR&C in the form of services, and value/utility adding based on manufacturing service network (MSN), manufacturing task network (MTN) and manufacturing enterprises collaborative network (ECN).     

A formal set of algorithms for project scheduling with critical path scheduling/material requirements planning

A hybrid model combining the critical path method (CPM) with material requirements planning (MRP) has been suggested (Aquilano) as a more robust method for scheduling projects and resources. The primary advantage of this technique is that resource acquisition lead times as well as inventory records are integrated into the process of computing the project schedule. This paper presents a set of formal CPM/MRP algorithms that may be used to compute the early and late start schedules as well as the critical sequence. A number of modifications have been incorporated into the CPM/MRP technique to improve the viability of CPM/MRP as a tool for application to actual project scheduling problems. A simple example project is used to demonstrate the CPM/MRP model.The CPM/MRP technique is designed to overcome a basic shortcoming of previously suggested project scheduling methodologies. CPM was initially designed to schedule projects subject to technological constraints only. Later, additional techniques were introduced to consider constraints upon various aspects of resource availability (Davis). None of the suggested techniques attempted to integrate resource acquisition lead time with the generation of requirements for resources. Obviously such a technique would require the integration of inventory records into the scheduling technique.The combination of CPM and MRP provides a possible vehicle for overcoming this drawback in CPM. Both CPM and MRP are linear models that generate schedules based upon precedence relationships. An integrated approach is useful since activities could be scheduled subject to information about the inventory position. An activity may be scheduled as soon as all resources are on hand. It is only delayed by those resources which must be acquired and activities which proceed it in the project network.CPM/MRP also shows promise as an aid to constrained resource scheduling since computations regarding resource availability are an integrated part of the technique. The effect of resource allocation decisions is immediately evident in the MRP-type time phased records.Results of the tests run on short projects of up to 300 activities and resources have shown that the program does work satisfactorily. Execution time for a 300 item network tested was approximately ten seconds on a CYBER 175.     

Workflow process modelling and resource allocation based on polychromatic sets theory

In workflow management, studying the relationship between workflow process activities and resource allocation is one of the interesting research topics. Polychromatic sets theory (PST) is a relatively new mathematical theory which is especially suitable for treating such problems. Based on PST, this paper proposes a framework of workflow process modelling and resource allocation. As the theoretical foundation, polychromatic sets (PS), polychromatic graph (PG) and isolation operation (IO) of the PS are introduced. Special net structure (SNS), a special PG with colourless nodes and concolourous edges, is also introduced, and a new workflow process model and its verification algorithm are presented. Furthermore, a workflow resource model based on the entity of PS is developed. Based on IO of PS, the allocation mechanism that considers workflow process and workflow resource is proposed. Finally, a case study is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the above-mentioned theory and method.     

Assessing hospital system resilience to disaster events involving physical damage and Demand Surge

This paper investigates the effectiveness of formalized collaboration strategies through which patients can be transferred and resources, including staff, equipment and supplies, can be shared across hospitals in response to a disaster incident involving mass casualties and area-wide damage. Inflicted damage can affect hospital infrastructure and its supporting lifelines, thus impacting capacity and capability or, ultimately, services that are provided. Using a discrete event simulation framework and underlying open queuing network conceptualization involving patient flows through 9 critical units of each hospital, impacts on critical resources, physical spaces and demand are modeled and the hospital system's resilience to these hazard events is evaluated. Findings from numerical experiments on a case study involving multiple hospitals spaced over a large metropolitan region replicating a system similar to the Johns Hopkins Hospital System show the potential of strategies involving not only transfers and resource sharing, but also joint capacity enhancement alternatives to improve post-disaster emergency health care service delivery through joint action.     

资源垃圾在空间实体搭建中的应用

随着世界经济的发展,城市化水平的不断提高以及人口不断涌入城市,全球城市生活垃圾速生,且资源日益减少,加剧着资源危机与生态危机。本文通过对垃圾处理的现状以及处理过程中所存在的问题进行研究,对于资源垃圾的回收利用进行分析,提出资源垃圾用于空间实体中的搭建的方法,并对其中存在的问题加以分析提供对策,为资源垃圾的回收利用提出参考意见。     

The Impact of Company Resources and Capabilities on Global New Product Program Performance

Product innovation and the trend to globalization are two important and interrelated dimensions driving business today. In this article, the results of five published research articles on the topic of global new product development (NPD) are summarized to provide an integrated overview of the factors that impact global NPD program performance. The overall conceptual framework is based on three types of literature—NPD, globalization, and organization. The main theoretical approach for establishing relationships between factors is the dynamic capability/resource‐based view. Accordingly, factors linked to outcome are seen as operating on different organizational levels, with more actionable initiatives or ‘capabilities’ largely mediating the softer and longer term background ‘resources’ of the firm. The analyses are based on a broad cross‐industry sample of 467 firms (North America, Europe, B2B, goods/services). Three global NPD‐related background resources (global innovation culture, resource commitment, and senior management involvement), labeled the ‘behavioral environment’ of the firm, are identified and shown to be linked to global NPD program performance via the mediated effect of four specific NPD capabilities (NPD process, strategy, team, and IT/communication). A qualitative synthesis of the findings is provided, along with recommended management initiatives with which firms can enhance their performance in the global NPD effort. Both sets of factors are found to be essential and highly interrelated, but it is the strength of the behavioral environment resources that distinguish the best performing firms, setting the stage for success in global NPD.     

基于web services构建电子政务信息资源目录服务模型

为更好地实现分布式环境下的异构政务信息资源间透明性交互与共享,提出了一种基于政务信息资源目录服务的信息资源整合方案。针对目前政务资源整合现状,基于Web服务思想以及政务资源目录组织结构构,建政务资源目录服务模型,并结合信息资源注册及发现过程,对模型各部分组成、功能和构建方法进行了详述,最后对模型特点加以概括。     

Global engineering services: Shedding light on network capabilities

This paper addresses the operations challenges of effectively managing professional services on a global scale. The specific context for the study is professional engineering services and particularly those that are delivered globally – global engineering services (GES). Estimates suggest that the market for GES was around US$930 billion in 2012, rising to US$1.4 trillion by 2020 (ISG, 2013). Yet this influential sector receives scant attention in the operations management literature. The paper draws on six case studies to explore the operations management challenges of delivering GES. In doing so the paper introduces the concept of network capabilities for GES, highlighting the centrality that: (i) network resources – accessing and deploying dispersed resources, (ii) network coordination – coordinating and integrating network activities, and (iii) network learning – collective learning and knowledge management, all play in enabling the successful operational management of GES.     

Resource conflict detection and removal strategy for nondeterministic emergency response processes using Petri nets

Correctness of an emergency response process specification is critical to emergency mission success. Therefore, errors in the specification should be detected and corrected at build-time. In this paper, we propose a resource conflict detection approach and removal strategy for emergency response processes constrained by resources and time. In this kind of emergency response process, there are two timing functions representing the minimum and maximum execution time for each activity, respectively, and many activities require resources to be executed. Based on the RT_ERP_Net, the earliest time to start each activity and the ideal execution time of the process can be obtained. To detect and remove the resource conflicts in the process, the conflict detection algorithms and a priority-activity-first resolution strategy are given. In this way, real execution time for each activity is obtained and a conflict-free RT_ERP_Net is constructed by adding virtual activities. By experiments, it is proved that the resolution strategy proposed can shorten the execution time of the whole process to a great degree.     

清川大桥16号墩承台基础施工技术研究

文章主要介绍了广西南宁市清川大桥16号墩钢筋混凝土承台无封底套箱施工技术和工艺流程。该技术与传统的套箱法相比有明显的优势,改善了施工条件,降低了工、料、机消耗,加快了施工进度,有一定的推广应用前景。     

战略性人力资源规划模型的研究与应用

一个组织或企业要维持生存和发展,拥有合格、高效的人员结构,就必须进行人力资源规划。人力资源规划处于整个人力资源管理活动的统筹阶段,为下一步的人力资源管理活动制订了目标、原则和方法。人力资源规划的可靠性直接关系着人力资源管理工作整体的成败。所以,制订好人力资源规划是企业人力资源管理部门的一项非常重要和有意义的工作。     

数据挖掘及其在物流运输系统中的应用研究

针对现代物流领域,介绍了数据挖掘的基本流程、相关技术以及其在物流运输系统中的应用情况,并给出了基于数据挖掘服务的物流运输系统模型。     

基于遗产资源整合利用的区域型乡村商旅度假地——以婺源王家洲旅游项目前期分析为例

乡村优美的自然风景资源及独特文化遗产资源是推动其旅游项目发展的直接因素。然而在旅游活动所带来的种种利益驱动下,许多乡村旅游项目的规划在不清楚认识自身特有遗产资源属性的情况下,盲目追逐其它旅游项目成功经验,以经济利益为先,使得原本就脆弱的乡村遗产资源得到无序利用,超负荷开发。婺源王家洲旅游项目,试图以一种可持续发展思路,通过合理整合当地遗产资源使之形成区域型乡村商旅度假地,平衡乡村旅游活动中经济发展与原生态环境即乡村遗产资源之间的关系。     

基于社会资本的科技资源共享研究

科技资源包括科技人力、科技财力、科技物力和科技信息等资源,其产品的经济属性存在差异。科技资源共享包括共享目标、共享能力与意愿、共享技术和共享组织四个基本要素,并且在共享过程中既产生共享的收益,又产生共享的成本。社会资本在科技资源共享中具有增强科技资源集聚、提高科技竞争能力、形成集群创新等正向效应。与现有研究成果不同,本文还认为社会资本对科技资源共享同样存在负向效应,具体表现在弱化科技资源集聚和引发共享中的寻租行为两个方面。据此,本文构建了基于社会资本的科技资源共享框架模型,并认为需要建立市场调节、沟通协调、监督管理三方面的机制,以此发挥社会资本的正向效应、抑制社会资本的负向效应。     

关键链法解决资源约束下的项目流程问题

在资源受限条件下项目资源配置方面,尽管国内外许多研究人员已经研究产生了不少成熟的方法和理论,但大都是在活动分配的资源数量和活动持续时间固定的情况下,优化所有项目活动的进度安排以实现项目整体工期的优化。文章基于关键链思想,将资源作为决策变量,给出了具体的模型和算法。     

高职院校图书馆特色资源数字化建设

在信息化时代,高职院校图书馆可以针对特色资源进行数字化建设,通过对馆藏纸质特色资源进行数字化转换,建立特色资源系统,或者通过自建、开发特色资源数据库来对特色资源进行整合,从而构建多层次、全方位的服务平台,更好地为用户服务.     

试论标准化文献服务机构在企业技术创新中的作用和地位

文章中重点指出标准化是企业技术创新的重要推动力和重要组成部分,深入探讨标准化与企业技术创新的相互关系具有重要的意义。通过介绍国外标准化的实践与发展,以及我国的创新政策体系现状,着重强调了标准化文献服务机构在推动企业技术创新中的作用和地位,充分发挥标准文献服务的作用,深度挖掘和利用标准文献资源,将极大地推进我国企业标准化进程。