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WTO国营贸易企业规则对我国具有重要现实意义。文章就国营贸易企业之争、国营企业非歧视待遇与最惠国待遇、服务领域的国营贸易规制等重要问题进行探讨。 相似文献
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自然资源因其稀缺性和可耗竭性,其贸易的战略重要性日益凸现,全球的自然资源贸易额10年间增长了6倍多。中关欧墨在WTO规则下对资源出口限制措施的贸易争端,反映了WTO成员方对自然资源贸易管理规则的不同理解和管理实践上的冲突。文章分析了WTO规制下的自然资源贸易规则,研究了中关欧墨间在可耗竭自然资源贸易争端方面的主要争议,通过对这一贸易争端裁决结果的分析,探索了中国如何在WTO框架下构建可持续发展的自然资源贸易规则。 相似文献
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自然资源因其稀缺性和可耗竭性,其贸易的战略重要性日益凸现,全球的自然资源贸易额10年间增长了6倍多。中美欧墨在WTO规则下对资源出口限制措施的贸易争端,反映了WTO成员方对自然资源贸易管理规则的不同理解和管理实践上的冲突。文章分析了WTO规制下的自然资源贸易规则,研究了中美欧墨间在可耗竭自然资源贸易争端方面的主要争议,通过对这一贸易争端裁决结果的分析,探索了中国如何在WTO框架下构建可持续发展的自然资源贸易规则。 相似文献
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我国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)几年了,它对我国农产品贸易的影响以其特殊重要性曾引起方方面面的极大关注。因此,我们要熟悉WTO框架体系下的农产品贸易规则,运用其为我国农产品贸易服务,促进我国农产品贸易的发展。 相似文献
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我国已成为WTO成员国,因此必须遵守WTO所有规则,特别是要遵守《服务贸易总协定》,为我国服务业发展服务,解读和掌握这一协定的基本知识、规则,就显得极其重要和必要。 相似文献
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贸易保护主义的挑战与WTO体系的完善 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
当前金融危机下贸易保护主义盛行,其对WTO贸易保护规则、争端解决机制、贸易政策评审机制产生了诸多挑战。WTO需要修改完善上述制度,以在遏制贸易保护主义层面发挥其作为全球最重要的国际经济组织所应有的作用。 相似文献
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世界贸易体制是包括贸易自由化规则和保护民族国家利益的规则(即保护贸易规则)的双重结构。后者对维持世界贸易体制来说也是必不可少的,没有保护民族国家利益的规则,许多国家甚至包括发达国家都不会加入WTO。世界贸易体制以贸易自由化为目标的真正意义不在于实现完全的自由贸易,而是以此抑制贸易保护主义泛滥。贸易保护主义泛滥的原因在于,需要保护的进行贸易保护,不需要保护的也进行保护。传统的“囚犯困境”模型只能解释后者,贸易保护理论则反映前者情况下主体的利益诉求。
世界各国既然在利益结构土不能整合为一体,完全的自由贸易就永远不能实现.现行的世界贸易体制是对世界刚性的分散的利益结构妥协的结果,但这样做又损害了世界贸易体制规则的内在一致性,令世界贸易体制拥有双重结构。 相似文献
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国际合作从贸易政策走向竞争政策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
理论上,自由贸易政策与竞争政策的目标大体一致;实践中,两者规范的对象越来越交织在一起,越来越多的贸易问题带有竞争性的一面,竞争政策越来越影响贸易政策的效果,而且,这种现象会随着服务贸易比重的上升,全球化趋势的加强进一步增多,但是与贸易政策不同的是,竞争政策没有如WTO这样的多边体制的管辖,各国竞争管理机构各行其是必然会引起国家间的争议。尽管目前建立全球性的统一的竞争规则条件尚不成熟,但是在WTO与各国竞争管理机构的合作下,对于竞争政策的统一化问题会有积极帮助。 相似文献
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国有外贸企业要谋求长远的生存和发展,首先要加快观念创新,以市场化为导向,正确确立战略目标。为实现利润最大化发展目标,国有外贸企业必须通过组织创新、流程创新和体系创新,获取质的优势、量的优势及外部推动力。 相似文献
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Ling Sun 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2018,46(3):251-266
Empirical evidence suggests that positive productivity shocks diffuse slowly in the economy. In particular, aggregate output reaches its peak nearly eight quarters after a shock. I construct a micro-founded monetary search model to explain the aforementioned empirical fact by focusing on a household’s endogenous decision in forming long-term trading relationships in addition to engaging in random matching in a frictional goods market. I show that a positive productivity shock induces households to immediately break marginal trading relationships, but that goods market frictions prolong the transition of the economy to the new steady state. Calibrating with U.S. data, the model matches the empirical evidence well and predicts that there is a slight decrease in aggregate output shortly after a positive productivity shock in some parameter region after which, it converges towards the new steady state with a higher level of aggregate output. 相似文献
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Facing the puzzling risk-return trade-off, this paper proposes a new model for risk premia to capture nonlinear and time-varying features under the influence of trading volume. Using high-frequency data for the US stock market in Wharton Research Data Services' Trade and Quote database, our empirical findings suggest a significant nonlinear and time-varying contemporary relationship between return and realized volatility, ranging from positive to negative with an up-down-up pattern, summarized as follows. First, the contemporary relationship is positive on inactive trading days when the trading volume is smaller than usual, in which case traders may face no new information or event uncertainty. Second, the relationship is significantly negative when the trading volume is large on active trading days, in which case traders may be overconfident and behave in a risk-seeking fashion. Third, the risk premium tends toward zero during extremely abnormal trading days. Finally, low and high levels of trading volume have asymmetrical influences on risk premia, with a larger absolute value of risk premia for high levels of trading volume. Furthermore, the nonlinear changing autocorrelation of returns is insignificant from zero on normal trading days and most likely different from zero on abnormal trading days. These results provide explanations for the conflicts between financial theoretic and empirical studies. 相似文献
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中国农村土地制度的变迁是在特定的环境下发生的,本文通过对诺斯关于制度环境的定义,给出了交易环境的概念,并以交易环境为分析工具,分析了影响中国农村土地制度变迁的交易环境,具体包括:正式制度和非正式制度。 相似文献
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Anwer S. Ahmed Richard A. Schneible Douglas E. Stevens 《Contemporary Accounting Research》2003,20(3):413-439
This study provides evidence regarding the effects of online trading on stock price and trading volume reactions to quarterly earnings announcements. We test for differences in stock price and volume reactions to quarterly earnings announcements between a period with a significant amount of online trading (1996‐99) and a period without online trading (1992‐95). We conjecture that online trading has increased the proportion of naive investors in the market. We predict that this will result in (1) a decrease in the average precision of investor information prior to earnings announcements leading to higher earnings response coefficients (ERCs), (2) an increase in differential interpretation of earnings leading to higher trading volume reactions that are unrelated to price change, and (3) a decrease in differential prior precision leading to a decrease in the association between trading volume and absolute price change. We find evidence consistent with all three predictions. Our findings are relevant for assessing the validity of concerns about online trading expressed by regulators and the validity of theoretical models of trade with asymmetrically informed investors. 相似文献
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电子指令驱动市场上的交易持续期与知情交易的相互关系研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
微观结构文献和实证模型对于交易强度(交易持续期的倒数)与知情交易之间的关系的预测是相互矛盾的。本文试图建立一个研究该问题的实证框架,并采用上海股票市场交易数据进行实证研究。本文的主要发现是:(1)基于利好消息的交易通常会使交易强度增大,而基于利空消息的交易通常会导致较长的交易持续期;(2)较长的持续期会导致价格下跌和较低的波动率;(3)在较低频率数据(如日数据、周数据或月数据)中普遍存在的杠杆效应在本文采用的交易数据中被拒绝。 相似文献
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交易制度应与市场环境相匹配,经济现实中如此,实验设计中亦是如此。文章首先基于市场制度与市场环境匹配理论对相关实验进行了概述,随后对不同交易环境下交易制度的变化做了综述,并选择与买方有权搜寻其他选择的市场环境相对应的有搜寻交易制度作为重点,对已有文献进行了详细梳理,最后报告了一项已经开展的以搜寻为基础的交易制度实验研究实例,阐明了在实例中选取以顺序搜寻为基础的“接受否则拒绝”交易制度的研究思路、实验设计和实验结果。 相似文献
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Trading Land Development Rights under a Planned Land Use System: The "Zhejiang Model" 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
China' s state planned land use system, including regulations such as setting planned quotas for land use, basic cropland preservation, and pursuing a balance between the conversion of arable land into non-agricultural use and the supplement of new agricultural land, has substantially constrained the economic growth of industrial provinces in China. This article explores the innovative reforms adopted by Zhejiang Province through land development rights (LDR) transfer within a locality and LDR trading across localities. We argue that there is a "Zhejiang model of LDR transferring and trading," which, we believe, has significant implications not only for fostering an efficiency-enhancing market for land development rights and agricultural land preservation, but also for optimal use of land and a more balanced regional development. One important policy issue relating to China's rural land system is that under China' s land requisition system, farmers are usually under compensated for urban land-taking. 相似文献
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区域贸易协定(RTA)作为全球多边贸易体制的例外,正在日益受到各个国家和地区的重视。文章认为,我国缔结区域贸易协定应坚持“一个中国”、维护国家经济主权、遵循WTO规则、促进地区贸易投资自由化、享受区域性贸易优惠条件等基本原则,以推动我国经济建设的区域化和国际化融合。 相似文献