越南入世给我国企业带来的机遇分析

近年来,越南是亚洲经济增长最强劲的国家之一。2006年11月7日越南成为WTO的第150个成员,标志着其经济制度和经济成就得到了国际社会的承认。2006年11月17日,胡锦涛主席成功访越,并发表《中越联合声明》,这标志中越两国关系进入了全面发展新时期。本文首先介绍越南入世承诺,然后分析越南入市给我国企业带来的机遇,最后提出我国企业抓住机遇,实现中越双赢的对策建议。     

改革开放以来中国出口增长推动力的阶段性演进及地区分布差异

研究目标：研究中国出口增长推动力的阶段性演进及地区分布差异。研究方法：基于中国1978~2014年的省级面板数据,采用超越对数形式的随机前沿模型进行分析。研究发现：在经济转型期,市场化改革与对外开放的发展是中国出口增长的首要推动力;在“入世”准备期,中国出口增长由制度因素、物质要素投入协同推动;在“入世”增长期,物质要素投入成为中国出口增长的首要来源;在全球引擎期,物质要素投入协同贸易潜力主导中国出口贸易的发展;地区间出口贸易差距主要源于贸易潜力、资本与制度因素的三重差异。研究创新：对改革开放以来至2008年金融危机以后中国出口增长推动力的阶段性演进进行系统研究。研究价值：针对中国贸易可持续发展面临的主要挑战,提供政策建议。     

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE GATT/WTO TO GLOBAL ECONOMIC WELFARE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE

This paper surveys estimates of the value of the GATT/WTO's contributions to global welfare through providing a forum for negotiating reductions in policy‐induced distortions to trade flows, including through the process of accession by new members. After reviewing measures of the price‐distorting effects of trade‐related policies, it assesses estimates from global simulation models of the welfare effects of trade liberalizations prior to the WTO's Doha round, including the net benefits and transfers associated with implementing the Uruguay Round agreement on trade‐related intellectual property rights, and then reviews estimates of the potential welfare effects of a Doha round agreement to cut tariffs and subsidies. Econometric estimates of past trade and related effects of the GATT/WTO are then examined, before turning to estimates of the benefits of WTO accession and of potential benefits from WTO‐sponsored trade facilitation. The paper concludes that while it remains difficult to attribute reforms directly to the GATT/WTO, the overall body of evidence presented supports the economic profession's consensus that this institution has contributed substantially to global economic welfare.     

Impact of Currency Boards on Fiscal Policy in Central and Eastern European Countries

The paper focuses on the impact of currency boards on fiscal policy in transition economies. Starting with an overview of theoretical and empirical studies in the related area, it tests for the interaction between monetary policy regimes and fiscal policy in Central and Eastern European countries who aim for the membership in the European Union. The theoretical background of this study lies in the model of Tornell and Velasco (1998). They demonstrate that fiscal transfers do not ultimately depend on the chosen exchange rate and monetary policy, but only on the worlds real rate of interest and the rate of time preference of the fiscal authority. A sample of 10 accession candidates constitutes a group of countries which go through similar macroeconomic stabilisation processes but have chosen different nominal anchors. The paper investigates whether there are any systematic differences between those countries with a currency board arrangement and those without. The empirical evidence suggests that currency boards enhance fiscal discipline in Central and Eastern European countries.     

Changing patterns of human resource management in contemporary China: WTO accession and enterprise responses

This study examines the increasingly complex challenges facing human resource management (HRM) in China following the country's accession to the WTO and, consequently, the implications for further reform of government policy and enterprise‐level HRM practices. The article concludes that current HR practices among enterprises vary depending on ownership, industrial sector, location and history. The direction of future changes may depend on the level of involvement from external forces as well as internal strategies adopted by Chinese enterprises to survive.     

浅谈服装工厂的技术经济发展

我国是世界上最大的服装生产国和消费国,随着中国加入世界贸易组织之后,我国的服装产业面临着巨大的挑战和机遇,服装工厂要想更好的发展,必须不断的改革和创新,这样才有利于自身的经济发展。本文通过研究目前我国服装行业的现状,来分析如何提高服装工厂的技术经济发展。     

Russia’s and Kazakhstan’s agro-food sectors under liberalized agricultural trade: a case for national product differentiation

Russia is a major importer of agro-food products in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), whereas Kazakhstan’s agro-food sector is more export-oriented. Based on a multi-market-model with bilateral trade, the paper investigates how a Common Agricultural Market (CAM) and World Trade Organization (WTO) accession would affect prices, quantities, and welfare on agro-food markets in both countries. Trade diversion effects are expected because of a changed tariff structure. Kazakhstan’s agro-food sector will loose price competitiveness on Russia’s markets if liberalization is too narrowly focused on import tariffs. Simulations also suggest that national product differentiation can be part of a strategy for Russian agro-food industries to cope with stronger international competition.     

Measuring and modeling the effects of G-3 exchange rate fluctuations on small open economies: A natural experiment

I present evidence that exchange rate fluctuations among the world's major currencies significantly affect the business cycles of small open economies. The impact of those fluctuations on any given country depends crucially on its exchange rate regime. The three Baltic countries in Central Europe constitute an interesting natural experiment in that regard. I estimate a structural vector autoregression (VAR) model to show the differential impact of euro–dollar exchange rate fluctuations on the business cycles of these three countries. Next, I build a dynamic sticky-price model and I calibrate it to the Baltic States in order to match and explain the empirical evidence.     

Cooperation for Publication? An Analysis of Co-authorship Patterns in Leading Accounting Journals

This paper examines patterns, antecedents, and effects of (international) cooperation in accounting academia based on 7105 papers published in 15 leading accounting journals. In particular, we investigate the dissemination of different forms of cooperation, identify author characteristics that are related to the propensity of cooperation and analyze whether cooperation is associated with research performance (in terms of research impact and output). We find that scholars from Asian countries tend to be more heavily involved in international cooperation than researchers from most European countries and the USA. A Ph.D. from a leading school, a scholar's previous publication experience and a past appointment as editor or editorial board member are positively associated with the propensity for cooperation, while a researcher's current affiliation has only limited impact. Surprisingly, our findings show that cooperation is not related to a greater research impact as measured by citation numbers per paper. Finally, we find a significant negative relationship between a scholar's share of co-authored papers and his or her research output in leading accounting journals as measured by the weighted numbers of papers per author.     

Explaining the profitability of foreign banks in Shanghai

This paper uses survival analysis to examine the factors determining the time taken for branches of foreign banks in Shanghai, China to make a positive rate of return after entering that market. Particular attributes of banks including the parent bank's size, early entry and the number of branches the bank has in China are found to reduce time to profitability. Market conditions in Shanghai, captured by levels of foreign direct investment and Eurodollar interest rates, are also found to have significant effects. A number of managerial implications are drawn from the analysis in light of the greater access to the Chinese banking markets following China's accession to the WTO. To ensure long‐term profitability in Shanghai, the foreign bank needs to contain costs and risks in the new markets, formulate an effective market penetration strategy, identify appropriate customer target groups, attract businesses from firms of different countries, seek early entry and undertake more fee‐income generating businesses. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈新经济条件下我国企业的市场营销创新

随着中国加入WTO,我国正式进入新经济时代。在此背景下,文章分析了市场营销的特征以及对企业发展的影响,并针对目前市场营销中存在的问题提出创新策略。     

浅析我国工业经济的发展

纵观我国整个经济工业的发展进程,自改革开放以来,特别是中国加入世界贸易组织以后,我国的工业经济一直都在快速的发展与进步,但是和发达国家还是存在一定的差距,所以我们应该对我国的工业经济所有制结构进行分析与讨论,从而解决我国目前存在的工业发展问题。     

入世冲击与我国工商企业的国际化

我国加入世贸组织后的过渡期即将结束,关税要降到入世时承诺的水平,同时取消大多数非关税措施,进一步开放服务领域.届时,国内工商企业将实现真正意义上的完全入世.这篇文章从分析入世对我国市场经济法制建设、发展环境和企业经营管理理念与管理机制的影响入手,鲜明地提出了国内企业国际化的概念,并且比较深入地阐述了工商企业在经济全球化的大趋势下,应如何从推进体制改革、提高企业管理者素质、确立正确的战略目标、丢掉“拐棍”自主经营、组建行业协会、与国际市场融合等六个方面加快国际化问题同时指出,政府经济管理部门必须进一步改革体制,提高分析判断国际形势和处理国际事务的能力,强化为企业服务的功能,搞好市场经济法制体系建设和环境建设,推进国内企业的国际化.     

SWOT分析法研究济南市商品出口中亚市场的潜力及物流成本最小的路径选择

通过分析济南市商品和中亚市场的互补性,找出济南市商品在中亚市场比较有发展潜力的商品,运用SWOT分析法对中亚市场进行潜在分析发现了中亚市场的潜在市场,通过调查发现中亚国家将对其电网改造的相关产品的需求会增加。运用比较的方法确定了济南市出口商品运输到中亚市场的物流成本最小的路经。在新疆办厂再出口到中亚国家也是一个较佳的选择。     

Market Imperfection and Productivity Growth—Alternative Estimates for Taiwan

This study first explores why the shares of factor inputs have not been measured correctly and concludes that the earlier findings are biased due to the miscalculation of factor shares which have produced low estimated total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the East Asian countries. Second, three approaches are proposed to empirically illustrate the impact of capital and labor shares on the estimates of TFP growth. It is suggested that TFP growth in the East Asian economies will be understated if net indirect taxes and imperfect competition profit are ignored. Finally, by taking the net indirect taxes and imperfect competition profits into account, the result of this paper indicates that Taiwan's economy has enjoyed an average annual TFP growth rate of 3.6% over the period 1980–1999.     

Entry of foreign banks in Shanghai: implications for business strategies in an increasingly competitive market

This paper uses a simple mean‐variance choice model as the basis of a duration analysis of the factors determining the decision of a foreign bank to establish a branch in Shanghai, the fast developing financial centre in China. Bank attributes, namely region of origin, parent bank size, the number of international branches and their branch network in China, have a significant impact on the time to entry. A country's share of total foreign direct investment in Shanghai also significantly affects the entry decision. The attributes facilitating entry also provide the foreign bank with a competitive advantage in its foreign currency transactions in Shanghai. However, with the ensuing market liberalisations after China's WTO accession, the entrants' competitiveness may not be sustained in the local currency market, especially following the proactive business strategies of Chinese banks and the protectionist measures of the government. It is expected that only a small number of the entrants will be able to emerge as big market players in the growing domestic currency market in Shanghai. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Economic Convergence Performance of Central and Eastern European Countries

A critical discussion of a comparative growth analysis about Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries is performed. The main conclusion is that there was economic convergence for most CEE accession candidates, but not between them and Western Europe. Results do justify a separation into first and second-wave accession countries, but also undermine differences in Central and Eastern Europe between accession and non-accession countries.This paper critically examines theories and empirical studies for three types of convergence, namely , and club convergence. Each can be in absolute terms or conditional to the long-term equilibrium (steady state) for each country.Empirical results are provided for all types of convergence from 1996 to 2000, both with population-weighted and non-weighted data. The analysis is performed for differently framed country subgroups considering even Western Europe for better comparability. Once absolute convergence is found through a unit root test about a standard deviation time series of cross-sectional income per capita, the regression coefficient for initial income per capita with the average growth over the sample period as dependent variable ( convergence) establishes the speed of this process. The same method applies to the conditional version by using the distance of the income from the corresponding steady state instead of the level of GDP. Then Markov chain probability matrixes (club convergence) provide information about the past behaviour of the whole cross-sectional income distribution over time, but also about intra-mobility of single countries.     

FIDIC建造合同条件在我国电气工程项目中的应用研究

随着全球经济一体化的进一步发展,在电气设备工程领域,工程项目的各个参与方都面临着国外企业的激烈竞争。合同在工程项目中的作用也由经济契约发展为一种管理方式,FIDIC合同条件的应用越来越广泛。本文以大量的实践调研和文献研究为前提,以我国市场经济建设为背景,讨论了FIDIC建造合同条件的特点以及在我国电气工程项目中的应用局限性,并根据其本土化应用的局限性,提出了针对性的建议。     

Industrial disputes in France,West Germany,Italy and the United Kingdom: measurement and incidence

In this article the author draws on research commissioned by the European Community into a detailed examination of the difference in the measurement of disputes in all the member countries before Greece's accession. The findings are presented over the period 1970–80 for the four largest members—France, West Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom.     

The Economic Impact of International Migration within The UK Economy

There is a vociferous debate regarding the extent, impact and future policy direction of international migration. This has intensified following the expansion of the European Union and the accession of the eight Central and Eastern European countries. This article explores the recent trends in net migration, looking particularly at the impact at the sectoral and regional level. It finds that foreign workers appear to have had a significant economic impact in filling skills gaps and in helping to arrest population decline in those regions where previously this had been a fact of economic life.