地理信息系统在地籍信息化管理中的应用

本文针对地理信息系统技术在地籍信息化管理中的应用，着重对地籍测绘与地籍信息化管理的关系、地籍数据库结构管理、地籍数据格式转换以及地籍信息系统网络化等内容进行阐述，并提出了作者的见解。     

建立城市地籍信息系统的若干问题的再认识

针对建立地籍信息系统中的一些主要技术问题进行了探讨，提出了作者的看法，其中着重讨论了城市地籍信息系统应具有的功能、构成形式、数据模型及其工程的实施方法。     

关于地籍信息系统持续发展的思考

关于地籍信息系统持续发展的思考胡存智张述升随着土地管理事业的发展，特别是地籍管理各项基础工作的逐步深入，各地对地籍信息系统建设愈加重视，纷纷配置硬件、软件，开发和建立地籍信息系统，投入了大量的人力、物力和财力，但从总体上看，真正成功实用的系统仍然很少...     

基于J2EE的集成地籍信息系统总体设计

通过对地籍信息系统建设现状与J2EE技术架构的分析,针对已建成系统的不足,指出了J2EE架构应用于地籍信息系统建设的优势;根据地籍管理业务的特点,提出了基于J2EE的集成地籍信息系统的总体架构。在以上工作的基础上,从多源、多尺度地籍时空数据的组织与集成以及针对不同地籍管理业务特点的应用集成这两个层面,讨论了地籍信息系统建设中的关键技术问题,并给出了相应的解决方案。     

城市地理信息系统中的地籍信息子系统

在分析地籍管理特点的基础上，指出地籍信息系统的功能要求，进而提出了为满足这一功能要求的以测量为基础的地籍信息系统模式及意义。     

现代地籍信息系统建设的研究

探讨地籍信息系统建设的基本思路、数据模型等基本问题,阐述地籍信息系统的数据库系统,如数据模型。空间数据库和属性数据库的集成,三层结构模型的应用,时空数据库技术对历史宗地的管理,并就地籍信息系统工程的建设提出了一些关键技术问题。     

夯实地籍管理业务基础——金昌市地籍信息系统建设的实践与探索

被誉为祖国“镍都”的甘肃省金昌市,以城市地籍信息系统建设为重点,不断夯实土地管理基础工作。该市从1999年开始,积极筹备资金,依靠自己的技术力量,开展了市区地籍信息系统建设,完成了市区建成区18平方公里、409宗地初始地籍调查和17平方公里、613宗地区域变更地籍测量,完成了11000地籍图130幅,1500地籍图16幅,整理输出7个街道42个小区1225宗地的宗地界址成果,输出市区土地分类面积、分类街道土地分类面积汇总等成果资料,建立了比较完整的数字化图形数据库,建立了市区数图一体化地籍信息化管理系统,为甘肃城市地籍信息系统建设起到了较好的…     

地籍信息系统数据采集方法的质量和精度分析

对地籍信息系统的原生数据和派生数据采集方法的质量和精度从数据的点位、属性和时间精度方面进行了分析，特别是对派生数据采集方法的点位精度进行了试验研究，得出了在建立地籍信息系统时尽量使用原生数据的结论。     

地籍管理信息化

建立地籍信息系统的作用地籍是指反映土地的位置（地界、地号）、数量、质量、权属和用途（地类）等基本状况的簿册，也可称为土地的户籍。地籍管理是国家为取得有关地籍资料和为全面研究土地权属、自然和经济状况而采取的以地籍调查（测量）、土地登记、土地统计、土地评...     

数字化测绘技术在带状地籍测量中的应用——以胶新铁路(新沂段)带状地籍测量为例

结合胶新铁路(新沂段)带状地籍测量,简要介绍数字化测绘技术在带状地籍测量中的作业流程、实施步骤、精度与效率分析及地籍管理信息系统建设与更新维护,与传统的方法相比,具有工作效率高、精度高、劳动强度低、人力及物力资源消耗少、数据量丰富、易于修改等优点,便于利用、管理和共享.是地籍管理信息系统空间数据采集的首选方法.     

广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区养生旅游开发研究

以典型的少数民族聚集区猫儿山国家级自然保护区为研究对象,提出开发少数民族养生文化的主张,强调开发中关注旅游项目设计中的"养性"、处理好养生旅游开发与生态旅游开发的二重性、把握好旅游者对少数民族独特养生方式的认同问题3个注意事项,提出在旅游项目设计中借鉴CIS战略突现旅游中的"养性"、开发与相关产业对接、从"地方性知识"的角度来理解与开发等养生旅游发展路径。     

Agriculture in transition economies: from common heritage to divergence

The 23 former socialist countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) started the transition in 1989–1990 from a common institutional and organizational heritage, represented by the Soviet agricultural model. Despite the common heritage in agriculture, the reform policies in CEE and CIS diverged from the start, as significant differences emerged between the two groups of countries in legal attitudes to private land ownership, transferability of land, the extent of agricultural privatization and individualization, and restructuring of farms. This divergence in the implementation of agricultural reform has led to divergence in standard development measures: the CEE countries are outperforming the CIS countries by growth in GDP and agricultural product since 1992; the productivity of agricultural labor in CEE is generally increasing, and in CIS it is decreasing. While the CIS countries at best can be characterized as reluctant reformers, the CEE countries have achieved significantly higher levels of economic and institutional reform. Better performance in CEE is associated with greater readiness of the governments in these countries to implement a comprehensive package of economic and social reform policies, including more radical land reform and deeper individualization and restructuring of agriculture.     

Transition to smallholder agriculture in Central Asia

The article reviews the development of smallholder farming in Central Asia's former Soviet republics. One of the striking features of the agricultural transition in Central Asia (and Commonwealth of Independent States [CIS] in general) is the dramatic shift, since 1992, from the predominance of large corporate farms to individual or family agriculture based on a spectrum of small farms. Evidence shows that individualization of agriculture is associated with the observed posttransition recovery in Central Asia (and in CIS in general) and that small family farms outperform the large enterprises. This clashes with the traditional philosophy of economies of scale and with the inherited view of small family farms as an undesirable aberration. We discuss the policies that helped smallholder farms in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan and severely restricted their growth and development in Uzbekistan and especially Turkmenistan.     

Agricultural reforms in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union Status and perspectives⋆

The current status of the agricultural sector in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union is described, in the context of reforms undertaken during the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market‐based one. Sectoral performance is analyzed, focussing especially on general trends in production, and emerging trading patterns. Five critical basic elements of reform are described, and a table is presented rating each country in the study on progress in completing each type of reform. Overall conclusions are presented, indicating that in each basic element of reform, the CEE countries have achieved considerably more success than those of the CIS. The paper concludes with a discussion of prospects for development in the region.     

Location and uptake: integrated household and GIS analysis of technology adoption and land use, with application to smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

CIS‐derived measures of location and space have increasingly been used in models of land use and ecology. However, they have made few inroads into the literature on technology adoption in developing countries, which continues to rely mainly on survey‐derived information. Location, with all its dimensions of market access, demographics and agro‐climate, nevertheless remains key to understanding potential for technology use. The measures of location typically used in the adoption literature, such as locational dummy variables that proxy a range of locational factors, now appear relatively crude given the increased availability of more explicit GIs‐derived measures. This paper attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of integrating CIS‐measures into analysis of technology uptake, for better differentiating and understanding locational effects. A set of GIs‐derived measures of market access and agro‐climate are included in a standard household model of technology uptake, applied to smallholder dairy farms in Kenya, using a sample of 3330 geo‐referenced farm households. The three technologies examined are keeping of dairy cattle, planting of specialised fodder, and use of concentrate feed. Logit estimations are conducted that significantly differentiate effects of individual household characteristics from those related to location. The predicted values of the locational variables are then used to make spatial predictions of technology potential. Comparisons are made with estimations based only on survey data, which demonstrate that while overall explanatory power may not improve with CIS‐derived variables, the latter yield more practical interpretations, which is further demonstrated through predictions of technology uptake change with a shift in infrastructure policy. Although requiring large geo‐referenced data sets and high resolution GIS layers, the methodology demonstrates the potential to better unravel the multiple effects of location on farmer decisions on technology and land use.     

中国镍钴铂族金属资源和开发战略(下)

四、资源供需形势（一）镍资源供需形势我国镍的储量为275.1万吨，基础储量312.8万吨，资源量457.77万吨，属于2010年需求保证程度为不能保证矿种（表4、表5）。全世界2000年生产精炼镍109.11万吨，当年消费镍114.13万吨。我国2000年生产镍5.098万吨,占全世界生产镍的4.66%，我国2000年消费5.76万吨,占全世界消费总量的5.05%。世界工业发达国家的产镍与产钢的比例大约为1‰左右，由于中国的工业生产水平低，不锈钢需求量少，镍钢比远远达不到这个比例，约为０．３‰～０．４‰，表６列出１９９７－１９９９年中国镍钢的产量比。高新技术领域…     

怎样制定地勘工作发展战略

在地勘单位改革不断深化的大背景下,要谋求地勘经济的可持续发展,加强地勘工作发展战略研究尤为重要。文章结合北京地勘工作的实际,从介绍企业战略和战略管理的概念及特征入手,进而对地勘工作发展战略研究的方法做了阐述,对制定地勘工作发展战略的原则以及战略实施和战略控制等方面进行了探讨。     

基于辽宁沿海经济带发展战略背景的大连市渔港发展对策

本文以辽宁沿海经济带发展战略为背景,围绕渔港的前期规划、投融资模式、管理模式、盈利模式、发展战略等内容,展开对大连市渔港发展现状的深入分析和探讨,总结其成功的经验及存在的不足,并探讨如何结合大连市的优势,以辽宁沿海经济带战略升级为契机,制定适合大连市的、和谐的、可持续发展的渔港发展对策。     

西部大开发新疆矿业开发新思路和重点

西部大开发中新疆矿业开发的新思路就是将西部大开发战略、新疆优势矿产转换战略、科教兴新战略和可持续发展战略有机地结合起来,并指出了在当前和21世纪前中期要抓好五项重点工作。