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Land Value Taxation and Housing Development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Steven C. Bourassa 《American journal of economics and sociology》1990,49(1):101-111
A bstract . The effects of land value taxation on housing development are studied in three disparate cities: Pittsburgh, McKeesport, and New Castle, Pennsylvania. These places are examples of three different types of city: central city, suburban city , and relatively isolated city , respectively. Shifting taxes from buildings to land is hypothesized to have different effects in the different types of cities. A liquidity effect , due to increases in the land tax rate , is expected to operate in all three types of cities. An incentive effect , due to decreases in the tax rate on improvements , is expected to function in central cities and, possibly, in relatively isolated cities. It is not expected to be important in suburban cities such as McKeesport. An incentive effect was found in Pittsburgh, but not in the other two cities. No evidence of a liquidity effect was found in any of the three cities. An explanation of why observed effects may not conform with hypotheses is given. 相似文献
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时下.房地产这个名词已经成为大众民生最为关切的对象之一了.关于调控房价的呼声和举措更是不胜枚举.而在种种选择途径中.金融信贷和财政税收手段在国家宏观调节的进程中都扮演着重要的角色。国务院常务会议推出的调控房地产的”国六条”.也提出要注重引导和调节住房需求的税收和信贷政策。但是.在这个后金融的时代.随着房地产开发资金来源比例的结构变动,信贷比率的升降影响作用似乎并不如预期的那样有效。 相似文献
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生产性公共支出、最优税收与经济增长 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
王麒麟 《数量经济技术经济研究》2011,(5)
本文在严成樑和龚六堂(2009)的基础上将消费性公共支出内生到家庭的效用函数中,在一个DGE框架下求解竞争性均衡问题,以此来考察生产性公共支出和税收对经济增长的影响。结论表明,生产性支出具有正的产出效应;生产性支出对家庭私人消费、公共消费的影响取决于政府设定的平滑税率。根据经验分析可知,生产性支出对经济的促进作用不如人口效应大,其中,基本建设支出并未对经济起到促进作用,可能已凸显出过度投资、重复建设等问题,这一现象在东西部地区更为明显;教育支出的增加促进了经济增长,并且在东中部地区较明显,而在西部地区仍未体现出来。 相似文献
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Alessandro Missale 《Journal of economic surveys》1997,11(3):235-265
This paper examines research on public debt management, focusing on debt structure by denomination, indexation features, and maturity. The optimal taxation approach is reviewed and its policy implications are related to the trade-off between minimization of the expected cost of debt servicing and minimization of budgetary risk. Strong arguments are provided for debt instruments which yield low returns when output and hence revenues are lower and public spending higher than expected. This debt design minimizes tax distortions and provides flexibility in conducting fiscal policy. The exact characterization of the debt composition which supports efficient taxation depends on the stochastic structure of the economy. Long-term nominal debt is a hedge against supply shocks affecting revenues and inflation and makes the government budget insensitive to interest-rate risk. However, at high levels of debt, the extent of insurance or flexibility that governments can obtain by issuing long-term nominal debt is limited by the need to maintain the credibility of the anti-inflation stance. 相似文献
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This study explores the financial value of homeownership for households in the 15% Federal tax bracket. Earlier studies concluded homeownership was only for households with high marginal tax rates, but they neglected how vacancy and turnover rates factor into rental prices. Principal innovations here include deriving long-run equilibrium rent-to-value ratios for the rental market and contrasting investor holding periods with lengths of household tenures. Tax regime simulations are performed for homeowner deductions and investor capital gains tax rates. 相似文献
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在建筑行业竞争十分激烈的时期,建筑质量的高低是企业能否存活的生命线。企业要以成本控制为中心,加强过程控制,并积极的吸取国内外先进的建筑施工成本管理方法,并不断完善企业自身的成本管理体系,这样才能够使得企业在激烈的竞争中立于不败之地。 相似文献
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我国实行对外开放政策以来,外商投资企业发展迅速。截至2002年底,我国已经成为全球吸引外国直接投资最多的国家。2004年,中国吸引的外商直接投资额达到606亿美元,连续二年成为全球吸引外商投资额第二位的国家。相比之下,外商投资企业的经营状况却“每况愈下”,2004年我国已批准成立的40多万家外商投资企业中,亏损面高达60%左右,年亏损金额达1200多亿元,仅2005年第一季度,外商和港澳台商投资企业利润就出现了4.1%的下降,而同期国有、集体等其他企业实现利润增幅最高超过30%,最低也有18%。 相似文献
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防水层是依附于主体结构基层的,其质量好坏直接影响防水层的质量,主体结构找平层的刚度、平整度、强度、表层坡度准确,表面完善无起砂、起皮、缝、基础的含水率等都是保证防水层施工质量的基础。 相似文献
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M. H. I. Dore 《American journal of economics and sociology》1990,49(4):459-468
A bstract . The older static theory of the taxation of exhaustible resources is distinguished from the modern theory based on the work of Harold Hotelling Both advocate some form of a profits-based tax , which is appropriate for conditions of perfect competition. But an oligopolistic market structure has additional quasi-rents which could be captured through taxation. It is argued that a sales tax will not only capture the rents but also lower the cut-off grade of the ore mined. 相似文献
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论住房公积金管理的风险控制 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
一、住房公积金管理存在的问题及原因
我国实施住房公积金制度,对于改善城市居民住房条件,缓解职工住房困难,推进城市化进程等方面具有十分重要的意义。住房公积金制度建立以来,工作重点由出售公有住房转变为住房公积金管理,目前住房公积金已有相当的规模。截至2004年底,全国住房公积金缴存余额为4893.5亿元,除去个人住房公积金贷款和购买国债,仍有沉淀资金2086.3亿元。这些资金的营运完全掌控在340多家住房公积金管理中心手中。 相似文献
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当前,城市化进程不断加快,城市的发展进一步推动了城市居民对住房的需求,引起人们对住房质量的更多关注和重视,也对住房建设施工质量提出了更高、更严格的标准和要求。文章结合我国城市住房的特点,对目前住房建设施工过程中存在的问题进行分析,并提出提高和改善住房建设施工质量的措施。 相似文献
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当前,城市化进程不断加快,城市的发展进一步推动了城市居民对住房的需求,引起人们对住房质量的更多关注和重视,也对住房建设施工质量提出了更高、更严格的标准和要求。文章结合我国城市住房的特点,对目前住房建设施工过程中存在的问题进行分析,并提出提高和改善住房建设施工质量的措施。 相似文献